Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yihuan Di, Yuan Li, Feng Yuan, Fangzheng Shi, Mirielle Caradonna
Summary: We conducted high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations using MACER framework to investigate SMBH feeding and feedback in a massive compact galaxy. Compared to a reference galaxy, the compact galaxy shows a higher inflow rate, resulting in stronger SMBH feeding and feedback, and a larger inflow-outflow structure.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Onur Catmabacak, Robert Feldmann, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere, Philip F. Hopkins, Dusan Keres
Summary: The concurrent growth of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies is explored using cosmological zoom-in simulations. The results show that the growth of supermassive black holes at low redshift can be explained by a gravitational torque-driven accretion model. At high redshift, supermassive black holes are found to be undermassive but start to grow efficiently once their host galaxies reach a certain mass.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Melanie Habouzit, Yuan Li, Rachel S. Somerville, Shy Genel, Annalisa Pillepich, Marta Volonteri, Romeel Dave, Yetli Rosas-Guevara, Stuart McAlpine, Sebastien Peirani, Lars Hernquist, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Amy Reines, Richard Bower, Yohan Dubois, Dylan Nelson, Christophe Pichon, Mark Vogelsberger
Summary: Significant progress has been made in understanding galaxy formation and evolution through large-scale cosmological simulations over the past decade. However, the impact of sub-grid models on black hole mass properties varies among different simulations. The linearity and normalization of the M-BH - M-star relation differ between simulations, with SN feedback playing a significant role in these differences. Strong AGN feedback can suppress the time evolution of the relation normalization at the high-mass end.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Houda Haidar, Melanie Habouzit, Marta Volonteri, Mar Mezcua, Jenny Greene, Nadine Neumayer, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Ignacio Martin-Navarro, Nils Hoyer, Yohan Dubois, Romeel Dave
Summary: Recent searches for massive black holes in dwarf galaxies led to the discovery of faint active galactic nuclei populations. Comparison of different simulations with observational constraints revealed that some simulations produce overly massive black holes and the occupation fraction at z=0 is not accurately modeled. The ability of black holes and their host galaxies to power AGN depends on subgrid modeling. The AGN fraction in low-mass galaxies can be used to differentiate galaxy formation models, but uncertainties and degeneracies complicate the interpretation of agreement between simulations and observations.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandro Trinca, Raffaella Schneider, Roberto Maiolino, Rosa Valiante, Luca Graziani, Marta Volonteri
Summary: In this paper, using the Cosmic Archaeology Tool, we model the formation and growth of black hole seeds and predict their observability with planned JWST surveys at 5 <= z <= 15. The surveys, specifically JADES-Medium/-Deep, COSMOS-Web, and CEERS/PRIMER, provide a complementary view of active black holes at different redshifts and select black holes residing in galaxies with specific characteristics such as mass and metallicity.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sharon Lapiner, Avishai Dekel, Yohan Dubois
Summary: Through cosmological simulation, this study explores the relationship between galaxy evolution and central black hole growth. It finds that supernova feedback plays a key role in slowing down black hole growth in smaller dark matter halos, while the heating of circumgalactic medium allows rapid growth in larger halos. The onset of black hole growth is triggered by wet-compaction events, causing major transitions in galaxy properties and potentially leading to star-formation quenching.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Linhao Ma, Philip F. Hopkins, Xiangcheng Ma, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Claude-Andre Faucher-Giguere, Luke Zoltan Kelley
Summary: Supermassive black holes in the early universe may not efficiently sink in high-z galaxies, but solutions such as increasing the number of seeds or embedding seed BHs in dense structures can be considered.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Melanie Habouzit, Masafusa Onoue, Eduardo Banados, Marcel Neeleman, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Fabian Walter, Annalisa Pillepich, Romeel Dave, Knud Jahnke, Yohan Dubois
Summary: This paper discusses the capability of the James Webb Space Telescope to study high-redshift quasars at z>=6 and understand the formation process of more normal black holes at z=6 by measuring the black hole mass and Eddington ratio of fainter quasars. The study finds inconsistencies among different cosmological simulations regarding the mass offsets of black holes at z>=4 with respect to the M BH M M-star scaling relation at z = 0. The results highlight the importance of studying faint quasars with JWST and improving cosmological simulations for a better understanding of high-redshift black holes.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Alessandro Trinca, Raffaella Schneider, Rosa Valiante, Luca Graziani, Luca Zappacosta, Francesco Shankar
Summary: This study investigates the early evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) by studying their mass and luminosity distribution at high redshift. The results suggest that the growth of black hole seeds is Eddington limited and may occur through super-Eddington accretion during galaxy mergers.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Adrian P. Schirra, Melanie Habouzit, Ralf S. Klessen, Francesca Fornasini, Dylan Nelson, Annalisa Pillepich, Daniel Angles-Alcazar, Romeel Dave, Francesca Civano
Summary: The study of faint active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in multiple cosmological simulations reveals variations in the properties of their host galaxies, suggesting that future high-resolution X-ray observations can be used to discriminate between galaxy formation models.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Qirong Zhu, Yuexing Li, Yiting Li, Moupiya Maji, Hidenobu Yajima, Raffaella Schneider, Lars Hernquist
Summary: By conducting zoom-in simulations on black hole seeds in star systems, it is found that abundant gas supply and efficient angular momentum transport through gravitational torques are crucial for black hole accretion. The final black hole mass depends on the seed mass and radiative efficiency, and seeds with a mass of at least 10^4 solar masses can rapidly grow to become supermassive black holes in both thin and slim disc accretion models.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Marin, D. Hutsemekers, I. Liodakis, R. Antonucci, N. Mandarakas, E. Lindfors, D. Blinov, T. Barnouin, D. Savic
Summary: By analyzing the observations of the Seyfert-1 galaxy J1430+2303, it is found that there may be a binary system of two supermassive black holes at its center. However, the observations show that the linear polarization of J1430+2303 in the continuum is low and does not vary significantly over time. Moreover, there is no significant difference between the polarization of Hα and the continuum, indicating that J1430+2303 is likely a standard Seyfert-1 active galactic nucleus with a nuclear inclination angle of 24-31 degrees.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Federica Sassano, Raffaella Schneider, Rosa Valiante, Kohei Inayoshi, Sunmyon Chon, Kazuyuki Omukai, Lucio Mayer, Pedro R. Capelo
Summary: This study investigates the relative role of three seed populations in the formation of SMBHs at high redshifts, and finds that although less massive seeds form at a higher rate, the mass growth of SMBHs at z<15 is primarily driven by their heavy progenitors. The genealogy of z~6 SMBHs is characterized by a variety of BH progenitors, representing only a small fraction of all the BHs that seed galaxies at z>15.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
N. Menci, F. Fiore, F. Shankar, L. Zanisi, C. Feruglio
Summary: In order to address the role of active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback in galaxy formation, researchers have introduced a new physical treatment of AGN-driven winds into a semi-analytic model. By considering various factors such as AGN luminosity, host halo circular velocity and gas content, they were able to establish solutions for outflow expansion and mass outflow rates. The improved AGN feedback was found to mostly control the dispersion around the scaling relations, but had a subdominant role in shaping the slopes and/or normalizations.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
E. R. Ferris, A. W. Blain, R. J. Assef, N. A. Hatch, A. Kimball, M. Kim, A. Sajina, A. Silva, D. Stern, T. Diaz-Santos, C-W Tsai, D. Wylezalek
Summary: The study investigates 30 extremely luminous radio and mid-IR-selected galaxies using near-IR photometry and spectroscopy, detecting broad multicomponent emission lines and deriving estimates for black hole masses. Additionally, it compares stellar masses and extinction values based on Balmer lines.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Carlo Cannarozzo, Alexie Leauthaud, Grecco A. Oyarzun, Carlo Nipoti, Benedikt Diemer, Song Huang, Vicente Rodriguez-Gomez, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Kevin Bundy
Summary: We compare the properties of massive early-type galaxies from the MaNGA survey with simulated galaxies from the TNG100 simulation. There is an excellent agreement between their stellar mass surface density profiles, as well as the profiles of stellar metallicity, age, and velocity dispersion. However, the velocity dispersion profiles of very massive central galaxies in TNG100 are significantly higher than in MaNGA. This study supports the idea that high-mass early-type galaxies in the present-day Universe are formed through mergers that homogenize the stellar populations of their progenitors.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Schmidt, T. Treu, S. Birrer, A. J. Shajib, C. Lemon, M. Millon, D. Sluse, A. Agnello, T. Anguita, M. W. Auger-Williams, R. G. McMahon, V Motta, P. Schechter, C. Spiniello, I Kayo, F. Courbin, S. Ertl, C. D. Fassnacht, J. A. Frieman, A. More, S. Schuldt, S. H. Suyu, M. Aguena, F. Andrade-Oliveira, J. Annis, D. Bacon, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. Conselice, M. Costanzi, L. N. da Costa, M. E. S. Pereira, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, P. Doel, S. Everett, I Ferrero, D. Friedel, J. Garcia-Bellido, E. Gaztanaga, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, S. R. Hinton, D. L. Hollowood, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, O. Lahav, F. Menanteau, R. Miquel, A. Palmese, F. Paz-Chinchon, A. Pieres, A. A. Plazas Malagon, J. Prat, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, A. K. Romer, E. Sanchez, V Scarpine, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, C. To, T. N. Varga
Summary: Gravitational time delays provide an independent measurement method for H-0, and the key is to have high-accuracy lens models. In order to overcome the expense of obtaining these models, an automated modelling pipeline has been developed and applied to a sample of 31 lens systems. This pipeline can derive models with minimal human and computing time, providing measurements of key parameters and predictions of magnification and time delays for multiple images.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Danial Langeroodi, Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Henk Hoekstra, Adriano Agnello
Summary: With upcoming wide-field surveys, it is difficult to obtain spectroscopic source redshifts for large samples of strong lenses. Therefore, studying the possibility of obtaining source photometric redshifts (photo-zs) and addressing the issue of blending between the lens and the source light is necessary.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eilat Glikman, Cristian E. E. Rusu, Geoff C. -F. Chen, James Hung-Hsu Chan, Cristiana Spingola, Hannah Stacey, John McKean, Ciprian T. T. Berghea, S. G. Djorgovski, Matthew J. J. Graham, Daniel Stern, Tanya Urrutia, Mark Lacy, Nathan J. J. Secrest, John M. M. O'Meara
Summary: We have discovered a redshifted, gravitationally lensed dust-reddened QSO at z=2.517. This QSO exhibits a quadruply lensed system in a cusp configuration, with the largest flux anomaly measured to date. Radio and submillimeter imaging support the presence of a low-mass perturber as the most likely explanation for the anomaly. The QSO displays a moderately reddened spectrum, with an intrinsic reddening and outflows indicative of a merger-driven transitional phase.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Masafusa Onoue, Kohei Inayoshi, Xuheng Ding, Wenxiu Li, Zhengrong Li, Juan Molina, Akio K. Inoue, Linhua Jiang, Luis C. Ho
Summary: We report the discovery of a low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidate at a redshift of z = 5 using the near-infrared images from the JWST CEERS project. This AGN, named CEERS-AGN-z5-1, was identified as a compact source in a catalog of Lyman break galaxies at z > 4, taking advantage of the high spatial resolution of the JWST/NIRCam images. Photometric data from various telescopes suggest that CEERS-AGN-z5-1 has the properties of an unobscured AGN, with clear signs of emission lines and a high bolometric luminosity.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Damien Hutsemekers, Dominique Sluse, Dorde Savic, Gordon T. Richards
Summary: In this work, we revisit the microlensing effect that distorts the C iv broad emission line profile in the lensed quasar J1004+4112. We show that the microlensing-induced line profile distortions in image A are remarkably similar over a period of 15 years and can be characterized by magnification of the blue part, demagnification of the red part, and negligible demagnification of the line core. By analyzing the microlensing effect, we constrained the size, geometry, and kinematics of the broad emission-line region (BLR) and found that the favored models for the C iv BLR are either the Keplerian disk or the equatorial wind.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. H. Bruun, A. Agnello, J. Hjorth
Summary: This study aims to determine variability parameters for objects in the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and explore differences between quasars (QSOs), stars, and galaxies. By fitting joint likelihoods to structure functions (SFs) and extracting two parameters (A and & gamma;), the research identifies variations in QSOs and galaxies and discusses the usefulness of variability in characterizing object subclasses. The findings highlight the potential of using variability and color information for photometric selection and also discovering misclassified QSOs.
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chris Nagele, John D. Silverman, Tilman Hartwig, Junyao Li, Connor Bottrell, Xuheng Ding, Yoshiki Toba
Summary: In this study, optical i-band images of 3096 SDSS quasars and galaxies were analyzed using the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. The presence of nuclear activity was found to be associated with more pronounced components, such as arcs, rings, and bars, suggesting the importance of secular processes and possibly mergers in activating or sustaining black hole growth.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. D. R. Pierel, N. Arendse, S. Ertl, X. Huang, L. A. Moustakas, S. Schuldt, A. J. Shajib, Y. Shu, S. Birrer, M. Bronikowski, J. Hjorth, S. H. Suyu, S. Agarwal, A. Agnello, A. S. Bolton, S. Chakrabarti, C. Cold, F. Courbin, J. M. Della Costa, S. Dhawan, M. Engesser, Ori D. Fox, C. Gall, S. Gomez, A. Goobar, S. W. Jha, C. Jimenez, J. Johansson, C. Larison, G. Li, R. Marques-Chaves, S. Mao, P. A. Mazzali, I. Perez-Fournon, T. Petrushevska, F. Poidevin, A. Rest, W. Sheu, R. Shirley, E. Silver, C. Storfer, L. G. Strolger, T. Treu, R. Wojtak, Y. Zenati
Summary: Multiply imaged supernovae (SNe) are rare and powerful tools for cosmology, and their detection provides opportunities for developing critical tools and methodologies as the sample of lensed SNe increases. The latest discovery is of quadruply imaged Type Ia SN 2022qmx at z = 0.3544. Follow-up observations of SN Zwicky were conducted using the Hubble Space Telescope, and photometry for each of the four images was measured. The lensing system was analyzed using independent lens modeling methods, and consistency was found between the lens-model-predicted time delays and the delays estimated with Hubble Space Telescope colors.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Martin Millon, Frederic Courbin, Aymeric Galan, Dominique Sluse, Xuheng Ding, Malte Tewes, S. G. Djorgovski
Summary: A rare case of a quasar acting as a gravitational lens allows precise determination of the mass of the quasar's host galaxy, providing new insights into the connections between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. By studying correlations between the mass of supermassive black holes and the properties of their host galaxies across redshift, we gain a powerful understanding of their co-evolution. The technique of strong gravitational lensing offers a more precise measurement of host galaxy mass compared to other methods, and can be applied with statistically significant sample sizes with upcoming telescopes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ji Won Park, Simon Birrer, Madison Ueland, Miles Cranmer, Adriano Agnello, Sebastian J. Wagner-Carena, Philip J. Marshall, Aaron Roodman, LSST Dark Energy Sci Collaboration
Summary: This paper presents a Bayesian graph neural network (BGNN) for estimating weak lensing convergence (kappa) from photometric measurements of galaxies along a given line of sight (LOS). The method is particularly useful in strong gravitational time-delay cosmography (TDC), as it characterizes the external convergence (kappa (ext)) from the lens environment and LOS, which is necessary for precise inference of the Hubble constant (H (0)). The BGNN is trained on a large-scale simulation and evaluated on test sets with varying degrees of overlap with the training distribution. The results show that the BGNN accurately recovers the population mean of kappa in well-sampled test fields and extracts a stronger kappa signal compared to a traditional method in sparse sample regions. Therefore, the hierarchical inference pipeline using BGNNs has the potential to improve the characterization of external convergence (kappa (ext)) for precision TDC.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xuheng Ding, Masafusa Onoue, John D. Silverman, Yoshiki Matsuoka, Takuma Izumi, Michael A. Strauss, Knud Jahnke, Camryn L. Phillips, Junyao Li, Marta Volonteri, Zoltan Haiman, Irham Taufik Andika, Kentaro Aoki, Shunsuke Baba, Rebekka Bieri, Sarah E. I. Bosman, Connor Bottrell, Anna-Christina Eilers, Seiji Fujimoto, Melanie Habouzit, Masatoshi Imanishi, Kohei Inayoshi, Kazushi Iwasawa, Nobunari Kashikawa, Toshihiro Kawaguchi, Kotaro Kohno, Chien-Hsiu Lee, Alessandro Lupi, Jianwei Lyu, Tohru Nagao, Roderik Overzier, Jan-Torge Schindler, Malte Schramm, Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Yoshiki Toba, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Maxime Trebitsch, Tommaso Treu, Hideki Umehata, Bram P. Venemans, Marianne Vestergaard, Fabian Walter, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang
Summary: Researchers have successfully captured images of host galaxies of two quasars with redshifts greater than 6 using the Hyper Suprime-Cam camera. The host galaxies are massive disc-like structures and their black hole mass-stellar mass relation is consistent with that observed at lower redshifts. This suggests that the relationship between black holes and their host galaxies was established less than a billion years after the Big Bang.