Review
Clinical Neurology
Johanna Thunell, Yi Chen, Geoffrey Joyce, Douglas Barthold, Paul G. Shekelle, Roberta Diaz Brinton, Julie Zissimopoulos
Summary: The study identified 29 drug classes associated with increasing or decreasing ADRD risk, with a need for further research in certain areas. Some areas of study still have limited evidence and require more data to support conclusions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jaunetta Hill, Karim E. Shalaby, Syed W. Bihaqi, Bothaina H. Alansi, Benjamin Barlock, Keykavous Parang, Richard Thompson, Khalid Ouararhni, Nasser H. Zawia
Summary: Recent breakthroughs in the field of Alzheimer's disease have led to the development of disease-modifying biologics and diagnostic markers. In this study, tolfenamic acid (TA) was used as a scaffold to develop safer and more potent brain-penetrating analogs that can interfere with DNA binding and modulate the expression of SP1 target genes, reducing the production of AD biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Taliyan, Violina Kakoty, K. C. Sarathlal, Sanskruti Santosh Kharavtekar, Chandrashekar R. Karennanavar, Yogendra Kumar Choudhary, Gautam Singhvi, Yassine Riadi, Sunil Kumar Dubey, Prashant Kesharwani
Summary: Dementia is a progressive memory-related neurodegenerative disease observed in the geriatric population. The current therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease primarily target symptomatic management and face challenges in crossing the blood-brain barrier and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Nanocarriers show promise in facilitating targeted drug delivery for the management of Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanane Lahnif, Tilmann Grus, Evangelia-Alexandra Salvanou, Elisavet Deligianni, Dimitris Stellas, Penelope Bouziotis, Frank Roesch
Summary: Targeting therapy, especially in oncology, is of significant importance due to the severe side effects of chemotherapy. This article evaluates a PSMA-targeting small molecule-drug conjugate, which shows moderate binding affinity and PSMA-specific cytotoxicity. In vivo studies demonstrate good tolerability and dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, this developed conjugate should be considered a promising candidate for translational approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gianfranco Natale, Elisabetta Fini, Pasquale Fabio Calabro, Marco Carli, Marco Scarselli, Guido Bocci
Summary: In addition to its antiepileptic properties, valproate has been explored for its potential antineoplastic effects. Preclinical studies have shown that valproate can inhibit cancer cell proliferation by modulating multiple signaling pathways. Clinical trials have yielded mixed results regarding the use of valproate in combination with chemotherapy for brain cancer patients. Similarly, lithium has shown preclinical activity in certain cancers but few clinical trials have been conducted. Further phase III studies are needed to validate the repositioning of these drugs in cancer treatment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Teresa Pardo-Moreno, Anabel Gonzalez-Acedo, Antonio Rivas-Dominguez, Victoria Garcia-Morales, Francisco Jose Garcia-Cozar, Juan Jose Ramos-Rodriguez, Lucia Melguizo-Rodriguez
Summary: This article discusses the treatment approaches for Alzheimer's disease, including approved drugs, investigational therapies, and alternative methods to improve lifestyle.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rebecca F. Budgett, Geor Bakker, Eugenia Sergeev, Kirstie A. Bennett, Sophie J. Bradley
Summary: This article discusses the potential of mGlu(5) as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases and its role in neuroinflammatory responses, providing new possibilities for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cinzia Coppola, Dario Saracino, Mariano Oliva, Lorenzo Cipriano, Gianfranco Puoti, Sabina Pappata, Giuseppe Di Fede, Marcella Catania, Martina Ricci, Sara Cimini, Giorgio Giaccone, Simona Bonavita, Giacomina Rossi
Summary: This study provides an extensive clinical and genetic characterization of six AD patients, with the identification of unique genetic variants and the use of biomarkers and neuroradiological data to establish a probable AD diagnosis. The study highlights the challenges in diagnosing atypical dementia cases and suggests that a wider genetic analysis using NGS may be beneficial in certain cases.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xin Zhao, Pingyuan Ge, Shaohua Lei, Siqi Guo, Peng Zhou, Li Zhao, Yiyu Qi, Xiaotong Wei, Weizhen Wu, Ningjing Wang, Rui Guo, Nianyun Yang, Qingqing Xiao, Qichun Zhang, Huaxu Zhu
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a major pathogenetic factor in Alzheimer's disease, and it involves the abnormal activation of microglia by various pathological stimuli. The treatment of Alzheimer's disease is challenging due to its multifactorial nature and the difficulty of drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier. Therefore, combination therapy and drug delivery systems have become important therapeutic tools for Alzheimer's disease.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lynne H. Shinto, Jacob Raber, Anusha Mishra, Natalie Roese, Lisa C. Silbert
Summary: The majority of modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease and related dementia are vascular in nature. Oxylipins may have both protective and detrimental effects on brain structure, cognitive performance, and disease progression.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zahra Haghighijoo, Leila Zamani, Fatemeh Moosavi, Saeed Emami
Summary: Quinazolines are considered a promising class of bioactive heterocyclic compounds with broad properties in the design and synthesis of new CNS-active drugs. They have diverse drug-like properties and pharmacological characteristics, leading to drugs with different targets. Quinazoline derivatives have therapeutic potential for Alzheimer's disease as modulators/inhibitors of various factors, showing promise in the development of new anti-AD agents.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dun Li, Hongxi Yang, Mingqian Lyu, Ju Wang, Weili Xu, Yaogang Wang
Summary: This study identified therapeutic targets and biological mechanisms of acupuncture therapy (AT) in treating dementia through integrated analysis. The results demonstrated that AT improved Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) by modulating synaptic function, immunity, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study provides valuable clues for complementing and combining pharmacotherapy.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tyler J. Titcomb, Phyllis Richey, Ramon Casanova, Lawrence S. Phillips, Simin Liu, Shama D. Karanth, Nazmus Saquib, Tomas Nuno, JoAnn E. Manson, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Longjian Liu, Terry L. Wahls, Linda G. Snetselaar, Robert B. Wallace, Wei Bao
Summary: This study found a significant association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and incidence and mortality of Alzheimer's disease and AD-related dementias in postmenopausal women. This association was strongest among participants without obesity or hypertension, with younger age at baseline, higher diet quality, higher physical activity, higher alcohol consumption, and older age at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xianquan Zhan, Jiajia Li, Tian Zhou
Summary: Oxidative stress and oxidative damage are common pathophysiological characteristics in pituitary adenomas, with Nrf2 playing a central role in the oxidative stress response. Targeting Nrf2 signaling pathways may present a new therapeutic strategy for pituitary adenomas.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ashley Carey, Silvia Fossati
Summary: This review provides a summary of recent evidence on the exacerbating effects of mid-life hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, blood pressure variability, and late-life hypotension on Alzheimer's disease and dementia risk. It also highlights potential therapeutic options and novel vascular biomarkers associated with hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)