Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiuling Liu, Tujing Song, Bing Chen, Jingjing Zhang, Wen Li
Summary: Hypoxia is crucial for the development of various disorders, especially hypoxic cerebropathy. The damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) caused by hypoxia is well known. This study explored the correlation between endothelial ferroptosis and hypoxia-induced BBB damage using in vivo zebrafish and in vitro bEnd.3 cells. The results showed that hypoxic treatment could induce BBB disruption by down-regulating claudin-5 (CLDN5) expression in both zebrafish cerebrovascular endothelial cells and bEnd.3 cells.
Review
Immunology
Sheetal Sreeram, Fengchun Ye, Yoelvis Garcia-Mesa, Kien Nguyen, Ahmed El Sayed, Konstantin Leskov, Jonathan Karn
Summary: Despite the suppression of HIV-1 viral replication in the central nervous system by antiretroviral therapy, a significant percentage of HIV-1-infected patients still experience neuroinflammation and symptoms of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder. Recent studies suggest that HIV-1 latency in microglia plays a role in both neuroinflammation and the progression of neurocognitive disorders. Therefore, anti-inflammatory drugs that can also inhibit HIV-1 reactivation may offer potential therapeutic options for treating these disorders.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiang Fang, Qiang Yuan, Zhuoying Du, Maoxing Fei, Quan Zhang, Lei Yang, Meihua Wang, Weijian Yang, Jian Yu, Gang Wu, Jin Hu
Summary: Ferroptosis plays an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is involved in the damage of brain microvascular endothelial cells and the blood-brain barrier. In this study, they found that ferroptosis-related markers were altered in brain endothelial cells after TBI both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, inhibition of ferroptosis with Fer-1 reduced BMVECs death, BBB permeability, and tight junction loss, and exerted neuroprotective effects in the early stage of TBI.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rui-Cheng Yang, Kun Huang, Hui-Peng Zhang, Liang Li, Yu-Fei Zhang, Chen Tan, Huan-Chun Chen, Mei-Lin Jin, Xiang-Ru Wang
Summary: The study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier, increasing its permeability, which provides new insights into the neuropathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ying Chen, Jin Joo, John Man-Tak Chu, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang, Gordon Tin-Chun Wong
Summary: Surgery-induced reduction of GLUT1 significantly contributes to postoperative cognitive deficits in aged mice by affecting glucose metabolism in the brain. Targeting GLUT1 may have the potential to ameliorate perioperative neurocognitive disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ronghua Zou, Xiaoni Wu, Qiwei Chen, Xiaowei Gong, Yuefeng Chu, Fuying Zheng
Summary: In this study, it was found that the OmpA protein of R. anatipestifer is an important virulence factor mediating its invasion of duck brain microvascular endothelial cells and penetration of the blood-brain barrier. The amino acids 230-242 of OmpA represent a key domain involved in R. anatipestifer invasion.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Mattia Trunfio, Lorenzo Mighetto, Laura Napoli, Cristiana Atzori, Marco Nigra, Giulia Guastamacchia, Stefano Bonora, Giovanni Di Perri, Andrea Calcagno
Summary: This study investigated the levels of CXCL13 in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of people living with HIV (PLWH) and its potential associations with neurological outcomes. The results showed that higher levels of CXCL13 were associated with active viral replication and other biomarkers in the CSF of viremic patients, and with neurocognitive impairment in patients with viral suppression.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNE PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alpna Tyagi, Carol Mirita, Iman Shah, P. Hemachandra Reddy, Subbiah Pugazhenthi
Summary: This study suggests that Sirt3 deficiency exacerbates the harmful effects of lipotoxicity on BMECs, leading to aggravated neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tyler M. Lu, Sean Houghton, Tarig Magdeldin, Jose Gabriel Barcia Duran, Andrew P. Minotti, Amanda Snead, Andrew Sproul, Duc-Huy T. Nguyen, Jenny Xiang, Howard A. Fine, Zev Rosenwaks, Lorenz Studer, Shahin Rafii, Dritan Agalliu, David Redmond, Raphael Lis
Summary: Researchers have found that iBMECs lack functional attributes of ECs and instead express genes related to the neuroectodermal epithelial lineage. By overexpressing key endothelial ETS transcription factors, Epi-iBMECs can be reprogrammed into authentic endothelial cells that are congruent with bona fide endothelium at both transcriptomic and some functional levels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manjusha Thakar, Midrelle E. Noumbissi, Monique F. Stins
Summary: Postmortem neuropathological studies have revealed regional differences in the brain diseases, such as cerebral malaria, which shows more hemorrhagic punctae in the white matter than grey matter. The underlying cause of these differences is unclear. In this study, researchers investigated the impact of the vascular microenvironment on the expression of endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and found that EPCR expression in cerebral microvessels is heterogeneous in the white matter compared to the grey matter. Their findings provide insights into the origin of molecular phenotypic heterogeneity at the microvascular level and may contribute to a better understanding of variations in neuropathology associated with vasculature in different brain regions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Nikolai Fattakhov, Silvia Torices, Michael Stangis, Minseon Park, Michal Toborek
Summary: This review discusses the synergistic impairment of the BBB and neuronal injury induced by METH and HIV-1 in HIV-1 positive METH abusers, potentially accelerating the onset or severity of HAND. Potential therapies to limit neuroinflammation and NVU damage in HIV-1-infected METH abusers are also discussed.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sorabh Sharma, Craig E. Brown
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between microvascular dysfunction caused by type 1 diabetes and cognitive impairment, aiming to synthesize the current knowledge in this field.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Ming-Yen Hsiao, Defei Liao, Gaoming Xiang, Pei Zhong
Summary: In this study, a unique VD-SAW system was used to apply vertically deployed surface acoustic waves (VD-SAWs) on human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells to investigate the interaction mechanisms between ultrasound and the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The results showed that VD-SAWs induced intracellular calcium surge and intercellular calcium waves, and the permeability of the BBB decreased with increasing pulse repetition frequency, possibly involving mechanosensitive ion channels. This study provides a useful platform for further mechanistic studies on ultrasound-mediated BBB opening.
ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hinako Nagano, Shingo Ito, Takeshi Masuda, Sumio Ohtsuki
Summary: The study suggests that INSR-mediated signaling is involved in regulating the expression of functional proteins at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), contributing to BBB function maintenance. Changes in protein expressions, particularly those related to amyloid-beta peptides, in INSR knockdown cells may contribute to the development of cerebral amyloid angiopathy through the suppression of INSR-mediated signaling.
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marco T. A. Abbate, Inken K. Ramoller, Akmal H. Sabri, Alejandro J. Paredes, Aaron J. Hutton, Peter E. McKenna, Ke Peng, Jessica A. Hollett, Helen O. McCarthy, Ryan F. Donnelly
Summary: HIV/AIDS remains a global public health issue, which can lead to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder due to the restriction of drugs crossing the blood-brain barrier. The nose-to-brain pathway and facial intradermal injection provide potential solutions to deliver drugs into the central nervous system. Nanoparticles and microneedle arrays are effective in increasing drug delivery via these routes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Xue Chen, Tong Zhang, Yulin Zhang
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Virology
Yongfeng Wu, Yang Yang, Huaying Wei, Lin Jia, Taiyi Jiang, Yakun Tian, Caiping Guo, Yulin Zhang
Summary: Age, tobacco use, not being on ART, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, sputum smear positivity, CD4(+) T cell count <= 50 cells/mu l, and initiating ART >= 8 weeks after the initiation of antituberculous therapy are predictors of death among HIV-infected patients with PTB. Early initiation of ART within 8 weeks after the initiation of antituberculous therapy is associated with reduced mortality.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yang Yang, Xiao Cui, Huaying Wei, Caiping Guo, Yulin Zhang
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is a novel pathogen with limited understanding of its pathogenesis, prompting further research. Current treatments include nucleoside analogues, protease inhibitors, and other drugs, which may offer new insights for COVID-19 treatment.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yan Zhang, Xue Chen, Lin Jia, Yulin Zhang
Summary: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) not only affects the respiratory system, but also has neurological manifestations. It can infect the central nervous system (CNS), although the exact pathophysiological mechanism is still unclear. Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 can enter the CNS through blood and neuronal routes, leading to neuroinflammation. Although CNS infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to cause neuronal impairment, the mechanism is still controversial.
ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhili Zhang, Xin Zhang, Xue Chen, Xiao Cui, Miaotian Cai, Liu Yang, Yulin Zhang
Summary: The study reveals that brucellosis remains an ongoing zoonotic disease in Beijing, China. The clinical characteristics of patients with brucellosis in Beijing include a higher likelihood of splenomegaly and abnormal liver function in the acute phase. Male gender, arthralgia, and high level of platelets are identified as independent risk factors for focal brucellosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao Cui, Yongfeng Wu, Lin Jia, Jing Chang, Chuanyun Li, Caiping Guo, Tong Zhang, Yingmin Ma, Yulin Zhang
Summary: Metagenomic sequencing (MGS) technology can detect rare pathogens by targeting the person's genome for exceptional genetic disorders in cases where traditional methods fail to identify the pathogen. The detection of human herpesvirus-8 in the blood of an HIV-1 infected individual using MGS technology highlights the diagnostic potential of MGS in identifying diseases like multicentric Castleman disease (MCD). Increasing awareness of MCD among clinicians and pathologists is crucial in improving diagnostic capabilities in cases where conventional methods are unsuccessful.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
