Article
Oncology
Renee Hogenhout, Sebastiaan Remmers, Geert J. L. H. van Leenders, Monique J. Roobol
Summary: TPB has no different csPCa detection rate from TRB taking CR/IDC into account. TPB is, however, preferable because of less infectious complications, even if AP is omitted.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Thomas Hedley Newman, Luke Stroman, Marios Hadjipavlou, Arman Haque, Jonah Rusere, Kimberley Chan, Demetris Ioannides, Antonina Di Benedetto, Tibor Pinczes, Rick Popert, Mohamed Y. Hammadeh
Summary: Targeted antimicrobials did not reduce the risk of post biopsy sepsis following TRUSBx, while FHTPBx nearly eliminated this risk. Switching to transperineal prostate biopsies for all patients is recommended to reduce the risk of sepsis.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sofie C. M. Tops, Eva Kolwijck, Evert L. Koldewijn, Diederik M. Somford, Filip J. M. Delaere, Menno A. van Leeuwen, Anthonius J. Breeuwsma, Thijn F. de Vocht, Hans J. H. P. Broos, Rob A. Schipper, Martijn G. Steffens, Steven Teerenstra, Marjolijn C. A. Wegdam-Blans, Els de Brauwer, Wouter van den Bijllaardt, Alexander C. A. P. Leenders, J. P. Michiel Sedelaar, Heiman F. L. Wertheim
Summary: This study compared the impact of empirical ciprofloxacin prophylaxis and culture-based prophylaxis on infectious complication rates after transrectal prostate biopsy. The results showed that culture-based prophylaxis can reduce the occurrence of infectious complications. However, infections can still occur even with adequate prophylaxis.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Sarah M. Wonn, Anna N. Ratzlaff, SuEllen J. Pommier, Belinda H. McCully, Rodney F. Pommier
Summary: This study found that completely eliminating perioperative octreotide did not increase crisis rates or duration compared to previous studies using octreotide. Crisis was more likely to occur in patients with small bowel primary tumors, older age, and carcinoid syndrome. Patients experiencing crises were more likely to have major postoperative complications.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Rebecca S. Steinberg, Lauren Kipling, K. C. Biebighauser Bens, Dattatraya Patil, Mark Henry, Akanksha Mehta, Christopher Filson
Summary: The study found that the use of fluoroquinolones after prostate biopsy can reduce the risk of infection, while enhanced antibiotic regimens may increase the risk of infection, especially sepsis. This could be due to increased antibiotic resistance or unmeasured risk factors among those receiving enhanced regimens.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Alexis Maillard, Giulia Micheli, Leila Lefevre, Cecile Guyonnet, Claire Poyart, Etienne Canoui, Martin Belan, Caroline Charlier
Summary: This study assessed the quality and safety of the management suggested by ChatGPT-4 in real-life practice for patients with positive blood cultures. The results showed that while ChatGPT-4 provided detailed and well-written responses, its management plans were considered suboptimal in terms of optimization.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Josi A. Boeijen, Alike W. van der Velden, Saskia Hullegie, Tamara N. Platteel, Dorien L. M. Zwart, Roger A. M. J. Damoiseaux, Roderick P. Venekamp, Alma C. van de Pol
Summary: Compared to the pre-pandemic year, primary care presentation for common infections remained lower during the full first pandemic year in Dutch general practice. The decline in primary care presentation for common infections during the full first COVID-19 pandemic year, together with lower prescription rates for respiratory tract/ear infections, resulted in a substantial reduction in antibiotic prescribing in Dutch primary care. Antibiotic prescription rates were lower during the full first pandemic year as compared to the pre-pandemic year, mainly attributed to a 10% lower prescription rate for respiratory tract/ear infections; the latter was not accompanied by an increase in complications.
Article
Oncology
Noelia Puertolas, Javier Osorio, Carlos Jerico, Coro Miranda, Maite Santamaria, Eva Artigau, Gonzalo Galofre, Elisenda Garsot, Alexis Luna, Aurora Aldeano, Carles Olona, Joan Molinas, Laura Pulido, Marta Gimeno, Manuel Pera
Summary: Both perioperative blood transfusion and infectious complications have a synergic effect creating a pro-inflammatory activation that favors tumor recurrence in patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery. These findings emphasize the need for restrictive policies of transfusion and implementing patients blood management programs in gastrectomy.
Article
Anesthesiology
Amour B. U. Patel, Phillip P. W. M. Bibawy, Juri Ibrahim M. Althonayan, Zehra Majeed, Weng L. Gan, Tom E. F. Abbott, Gareth L. Ackland
Summary: This study explored the use of transcutaneous auricular nerve stimulation (TAN) to reduce pain after orthopaedic trauma surgery through autonomic modulation. The results showed that TAN significantly reduced pain levels within 24 hours after surgery and improved the clinical importance of postoperative pain. In addition, TAN increased heart rate variability. Although some participants experienced adverse reactions such as skin irritation, the study demonstrated that TAN could be a non-pharmacological and generalizable approach to improve perioperative analgesia.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elisabeth B. Fjelltveit, Rebecca Jane Cox, Bard Reiakvam Kittang, Bjorn Blomberg, Eirik A. Buanes, Nina Langeland, Kristin G- Mohn
Summary: COVID-19 patients received antibiotics less frequently than influenza patients, both locally and nationally, and there was a reduction in antibiotic prescription rates during the second pandemic wave. This could be attributed to increased clinical experience and evidence debunking the efficacy of antibiotics in treating COVID-19 pneumonia.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Juliane Hauschild, Nora Bruns, Elke Lainka, Christian Dohna-Schwake
Summary: This study surveyed the current practice of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and antimicrobial strategies in European paediatric liver transplantation centres and found great heterogeneity in postoperative antimicrobial treatment, surveillance, and prevention of infections. Evidence-based recommendations are urgently needed to optimize antimicrobial strategies and reduce the spectrum and duration of antimicrobial exposure.
Article
Orthopedics
David D. Christensen, Wayne E. Moschetti, Marcel G. Brown, Adriana P. Lucas, David S. Jevsevar, Yale A. Fillingham
Summary: A comparison between single-dose prophylactic antibiotics and 24-hour dosing in the prevention of acute prosthetic joint infection and short-term complications after total joint arthroplasty found no significant differences in outcomes, suggesting that single-dose antibiotics may be safely considered in routine primary TJA patients.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mary Elizabeth Sexton, Merin Elizabeth Kuruvilla, Francis A. Wolf, Grant C. Lynde, Zanthia Wiley
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of quality improvement interventions on promoting safe perioperative use of cephalosporins in penicillin-allergic patients. The educational interventions led to a significant change in clinician behavior, increasing the percentage of penicillin-allergic patients receiving a perioperative cephalosporin and reducing antibiotic costs per patient. Further research is needed to assess the sustainability and effectiveness of such interventions in other healthcare systems.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Przemyslaw Adamczyk, Pawel Poblocki, Cyprian Michalik, Mateusz Kadlubowski, Jan Adamowicz, Witold Mikolajczak, Tomasz Drewa, Kajetan Juszczak
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a patient's general status on perioperative morbidity and mortality after radical cystectomy, and to determine the most effective scale for predicting major complications. The data of 331 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy were analyzed. The study found that patients with higher ASA and ECOG scores had a higher rate of complications according to the Clavien-Dindo scale. Patients with higher CCI scores had minor complications, and those rated as frail according to the G8 scale had a higher risk of complications. It is recommended to assess a patient's general status before initiating therapy and offer conservative treatment for those at high risk of death or serious complications, regardless of the rating scale used.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gan Liu, Shougen Cao, Xiaodong Liu, Zequn Li, Yulong Tian, Xingqi Zhang, Hao Zhong, Yanbing Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the effect of probiotics on postoperative infections and other short-term outcomes in patients with gastric cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The results showed that patients in the probiotic group had fewer postoperative infections, faster recovery, and lower inflammatory indicators. The length of hospital stay was shorter in the probiotic group, and adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated earlier in these patients.