Article
Behavioral Sciences
Philipp Kuhnke, Marie C. Beaupain, Johannes Arola, Markus Kiefer, Gesa Hartwigsen
Summary: Conceptual knowledge is crucial for human cognition. This study used neuroimaging experiments to investigate how different modalities contribute to conceptual processing. The findings suggest that the processing of concepts consistently activates brain regions involved in the corresponding perceptual-motor experiences, and there are specific regions that are engaged in multiple modalities. These results provide support for a hierarchical neural architecture in the conceptual system.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jiangli Duan, Guoyin Wang, Xin Hu, Huanan Bao
Summary: Concept cognition, as a part of cognitive intelligence, aims to understand a concept by observing and grasping its attributes. Concept cognition for knowledge graphs is a promising research area that focuses on determining the significance of concept-relevant attributes.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexander Enge, Rasha Abdel Rahman, Michael A. Skeide
Summary: The study found that children's brains activate specific brain regions when processing semantic information, with a high overlap with the adult semantic system and relatively few age-related changes during childhood.
Article
Ecology
Hanna M. McCaslin, Abigail B. Feuka, Mevin B. Hooten
Summary: Bayesian hierarchical models play a crucial role in ecology, but can be computationally intensive. Recursive Bayesian computing and transformation-assisted RB methods help improve the efficiency and interpretability of Bayesian models, reducing computation time for fitting complex ecological statistical models.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hayoung Song, Bo-yong Park, Hyunjin Park, Won Mok Shim
Summary: Narrative comprehension involves the accumulation and integration of events, with a focus on causality, leading to an integrated brain state. Functional brain networks dynamically reconfigure during narrative integration, highlighting the importance of causal relationships in comprehension. The default mode network plays a key role in integrating narratives and sensory processing, promoting adaptive brain network interactions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jun Kai Ho, Tomoyasu Horikawa, Kei Majima, Fan Cheng, Yukiyasu Kamitani
Summary: By using a neural code converter method, the hierarchical and fine-grained representations of visual information can be converted between individuals while preserving perceptual content. Conversion and decoding between individuals can lead to the reconstruction of recognizable object images with sufficient visual information. These results demonstrate the potential of functional alignment for converting and preserving hierarchical and fine-grained representations in inter-individual visual processing.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Deborah L. Harrington, Qian Shen, Vida Sadeghi, Mingxiong Huang, Irene Litvan, Xiangyu Wei, Roland R. Lee
Summary: The study found two aberrant connectivity patterns in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, with one pattern showing a loss in frontal, parietal, and temporal connections related to semantic recollection, and another pattern involving functional reconfiguration with strengthened connections in PD patients compared to controls. These findings suggest that changes in regional connectivity during semantic recollection may play a role in early cognitive vulnerabilities in PD patients.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jae Myeong Kang, Nambeom Kim, Sook Young Lee, Soo Kyun Woo, Geumjin Park, Byeong Kil Yeon, Jung Woon Park, Jung-Hae Youn, Seung-Ho Ryu, Jun-Young Lee, Seong-Jin Cho
Summary: Fully immersive VR cognitive training showed positive effects on visuospatial function, apathy, affect, quality of life, and increased frontal-occipital functional connectivity in older individuals in a predementia state. Future trials with larger sample sizes, more sophisticated designs, and longer durations may reveal greater improvements in cognition, psychiatric symptoms, and brain functional connectivity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Industrial
Liqiao Xia, Pai Zheng, Xinyu Li, Robert. X. Gao, Lihui Wang
Summary: This paper introduces the application of graph-based approaches in Predictive Maintenance (PdM), focusing on the stages of anomaly detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and maintenance decision-making. By combining graph construction methods and cognitive intelligence, graph-based approaches can achieve semantic causal inference, heterogeneous association, and visualized explanation in PdM, which shows promising performance.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Karli K. Watson, Angela D. Bryan, Rachel E. Thayer, Jarrod M. Ellingson, Carillon J. Skrzynski, Kent E. Hutchison
Summary: Research suggests that older adults have increased their cannabis use, and the effects of cannabis differ between older and younger individuals. Resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) measures show differences in brain connectivity between older adult cannabis users and non-users, as well as similarities between young non-users and older non-users. Future studies should investigate the potential risks and benefits of cannabinoids on cognition and brain health for older adults.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Natalia Velez, Alicia M. Chen, Taylor Burke, Fiery A. Cushman, Samuel J. Gershman
Summary: Teaching allows humans to pass on culturally specific knowledge and skills, but little is known about the neural computations behind teachers' decision-making process. In this study, participants played the role of teachers while undergoing fMRI scans, selecting examples to teach learners how to answer abstract multiple-choice questions. The findings suggest that participants' example selections were guided by a model that maximizes learners' belief in the correct answer. Furthermore, brain regions involved in processing social information were found to track learners' confidence in the correct answer. These results provide insights into the computational and neural mechanisms underlying our remarkable teaching abilities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei Wu, Paul Hoffman
Summary: This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigates the effects of aging on semantic cognition, revealing age-related activation changes in different brain regions and networks. Age differences were not found in core semantic regions, but the right inferior frontal gyrus showed increased activation in both age groups, suggesting compensatory responses. Older adults displayed more engagement in the default mode network and less engagement in the executive multiple-demand network, which aligns with their greater knowledge reserves and executive declines. Overall, preserved function in specialized semantic networks may help maintain semantic cognition in later life.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Li Wang, Mengyi Li, Tao Yang, Li Wang, Xinlin Zhou
Summary: The study found that mathematical, physical, and chemical principles elicited similar neural activation level and pattern in the brain, suggesting that the visuospatial and semantic networks play crucial roles in processing both mathematics and science. Effective connectivity analyses further demonstrated stronger connectivity between certain brain regions for mathematical, physical, and chemical principles compared to sentence comprehension.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shunxin Guo, Hong Zhao, Wenyuan Yang
Summary: Hierarchical feature selection method with a multi-granularity clustering structure proposed in this paper effectively alleviates the semantic gap problem and outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in extensive experiments.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandra Martin, Regine Frieling, Dorothee Saur, Gesa Hartwigsen
Summary: This study investigated the potential of intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) to enhance executive and semantic processing. The results showed that effective stimulation increased activity during semantic processing and reduced overall connectivity between domain-general networks. Moreover, the changes induced by stimulation were linked to more efficient semantic processing.