Article
Engineering, Marine
Ziyan Ling, Zhenzhou Zhao, Yige Liu, Huiwen Liu, Yan Liu, Yuanzhuo Ma, Tongguang Wang, Dingding Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a three-dimensional wake model that considers wind shear and mass loss caused by shear. The model simplifies the wake velocity distribution by assuming a polynomial shape instead of a complex Gaussian distribution, making it simpler and more intuitive. It incorporates the anisotropic expansion of the wake boundary and provides expressions for crossflow and vertical wake expansion rates to be closer to reality. By using information on incoming wind conditions and wind turbine parameters, wake velocity at any position can be calculated quickly. The model demonstrates higher accuracy compared to conventional Gaussian models in all cases. It is simple, accurate, and cost-effective, making it suitable for wind farm layout optimization and wake control.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shaohai Zhang, Xiaoxia Gao, Wanli Ma, Hongkun Lu, Tao Lv, Shinai Xu, Xiaoxun Zhu, Haiying Sun, Yu Wang
Summary: This study aims to establish a multi-dimensional analysis wake model that can perfectly describe the wake region of multiple wind turbines and analyze its three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics. By considering the influence of wind shear, a three-dimensional wake model is derived and its accuracy is verified through wind field experiments. The results show that the model can better predict the three-dimensional distribution characteristics of the wake region after a single wind turbine and multiple wind turbines.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ruiyang He, Xiaowei Deng, Yichun Li, Zhikun Dong, Xiaoxia Gao, Lin Lu, Yue Zhou, Jianzhong Wu, Hongxing Yang
Summary: An innovative three-dimensional yaw wake model is proposed to accurately predict the behavior of yawed wake, offering support for effective implementation of yaw control strategies.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ruifang Jiang, Zhenzhou Zhao, Yige Liu, Huiwen Liu, Yuanzhuo Ma, Tongguang Wang, Junxin Feng, Dingding Wang, Shijun Li, Qiao Luo
Summary: This study analyzes the effects of different wind directions on counter-rotating and co-rotating vortex generators (VGs) on rotating wind turbines. The results show that VGs can improve the aerodynamic performance of the turbines, with co-rotating VGs being more advantageous than counter-rotating VGs due to their ability to generate more steady shedding vortices. Additionally, when the spacing of co-rotating VGs is z = 3h, the performance is further enhanced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shivendra Prakash, Corey D. Markfort
Summary: A physics-based model was proposed to guide carcass surveys and improve fatality estimates, revealing that bats fall downwind of wind turbines; the study showed that wind drift significantly influences the carcass fall trajectories.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Linlin Tian, Yilei Song, Pengcheng Xiao, Ning Zhao, Wenzhong Shen, Chunling Zhu
Summary: Accurate prediction of wake turbulence level is crucial in wind farm design for turbine power and load evaluation. However, there is still a knowledge gap on wake turbulence characteristics and little work has been done on related engineering models. In this study, one-dimensional analytical models are proposed and validated to estimate wake width and maximum wake turbulence level at any streamwise positions. Based on these, a highly simplified three-dimensional cosine shape (3D-COTI) model is proposed to effectively estimate wake turbulence intensity, considering wind shear and ground effects. Model evaluations with various turbine types and inflow conditions show good agreement with measurements on turbulence distribution within the wake flow. Due to its accuracy, simplicity, and universality, the proposed model has potential for large-scale wind farm applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lichao Cao, Mingwei Ge, Xiaoxia Gao, Bowen Du, Baoliang Li, Zhi Huang, Yongqian Liu
Summary: This study proposes a novel multi-objective framework for wind farm layout optimization, considering both power generation and turbulence intensity distribution. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively reduce turbulence intensity and shorten operation time of wind turbines under high turbulence conditions.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoxun Zhu, Yao Chen, Shinai Xu, Shaohai Zhang, Xiaoxia Gao, Haiying Sun, Yu Wang, Fei Zhao, Tiancheng Lv
Summary: This study proposes a Yawed-3D JensenGaussian full wake (Y-3DJGF) model considering wind shear and double Gaussian distribution. The model is validated through field experiments, and the results show that it has better fit with the measured data compared to other typical models. The findings can serve as reference for improving wind energy output and analyzing the dynamic load of downstream wind turbines.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alireza Arabgolarcheh, Amirhossein Rouhollahi, Ernesto Benini
Summary: Understanding the unsteady characteristics of the mid-to-far wake and comprehension of the aerodynamic performance of floating offshore wind turbines is essential for the further development of offshore wind farms. In this perspective, a developed Actuator line model is utilized to analyze an offshore turbine on four different platforms. The model reliability was examined through three sets of validations involving turbine output in fixed and floating conditions and wake expansion in terms of size and rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xin Liu, Lailong Li, Shaoping Shi, Xinming Chen, Songhua Wu, Wenxin Lao
Summary: This study investigated the wake intensity of Huaneng Rudong 300 MW offshore wind farm using a Gaussian wake model, which can predict the characteristics accurately and showed a difference mostly under 10% when compared with the actuator line (AL)-based LES method.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alireza Arabgolarcheh, Sahar Jannesarahmadi, Ernesto Benini
Summary: This paper aims to implement a computationally-efficient approach based on a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to describe the aerodynamics of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) using an actuator line model (ALM). The results showed that this method can achieve reasonable accuracy with lower computational cost and preprocessing time, and can capture the effects of platform motion on wake evolution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zein Sadek, Ryan Scott, Nicholas Hamilton, Raul Bayoan Cal
Summary: A new three-dimensional steady-state wake model is proposed, improving the wake description by incorporating local flow acceleration near the rotor. Compound and normal Gaussian functions are used to concisely describe wake structures such as momentum deficit and regions of accelerated flow. With the use of large-eddy simulations as training data, the model is developed for two in-line turbines under various inflow conditions. It demonstrates comparable or even better performance in terms of relative error and mass consistency compared to existing work, and shows a high degree of flexibility in scaling across different inflow conditions by utilizing empirical correlations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Koichiro Shibuya, Takanori Uchida
Summary: Wind turbine wakes have a significant impact on power generation and load of downwind turbines. Yaw steering is considered an effective method to control these wakes. This study used wind tunnel experiments and Large-eddy simulations to investigate the wake behavior of yawed wind turbines. The results showed differences in wake velocity distribution and wake deflections for positive and negative yaw angles. Wind towers were also found to have a significant influence on yawed wind turbine wakes. These findings will improve the development of more accurate wake models and control strategies.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruiyang He, Hongxing Yang, Haiying Sun, Xiaoxia Gao
Summary: The newly-presented three-dimensional wake model for wind power generation, based on a multivariate Gaussian distribution, is closer to reality and able to predict the wake distribution of a single wind turbine reasonably well. The model is simple, with low computational cost, accurate, universal, and can contribute to farm-level applications such as layout optimization and control strategies, benefiting the power output of wind farms.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
John K. Kaldellis, Panagiotis Triantafyllou, Panagiotis Stinis
Summary: The wind energy sector has experienced significant growth in the past twenty years, but the issue of land intensiveness has been a point of concern.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
