Review
Cell Biology
Azalea Lee, Jie Xu, Zhexing Wen, Peng Jin
Summary: Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Human induced pluripotent stem cells provide a unique means of studying FXS pathophysiology specific to humans.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Kang, K. Walter, H. Bale, A. J. Shahani
Summary: This study visualizes a new three-dimensional grain boundary sample using laboratory-based X-ray diffraction tomography and determines the percolation threshold of grain boundaries in the thermodynamic limit. Comparison with past simulations shows good agreement. The study also investigates the percolation threshold of triple junction lines and finds them to be lower than that of grain boundaries. These findings have implications for the design of failure-resistant materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoting Wang, Longfei Pan, Juehan Yang, Bo Li, Yue-Yang Liu, Zhongming Wei
Summary: The study demonstrates the single-step growth of MoS2(1-x)Se2x/SnS2(1-y)Se2y 2D alloy-to-alloy vertical heterostructures with well-aligned heteroepitaxial relationship and optimized type-II band alignment, leading to significantly enhanced device performance in terms of electron mobility and rectification ratio.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qianyi Ma, Yun Zheng, Dan Luo, Tyler Or, Yizhou Liu, Leixin Yang, Haozhen Dou, Jiequan Liang, Yihang Nie, Xin Wang, Aiping Yu, Zhongwei Chen
Summary: Despite being one of the most mature battery technologies, lithium-ion batteries still face challenges in energy density, current density, safety, environmental compatibility, and cost. All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLB) based on lithium metal anodes have emerged as a promising solution, with 2D materials (2DM) playing a crucial role in improving their performance. Strategies for enhancing ASSLBs using 2DM have been categorized based on their application in the three main components: anode, cathode, and electrolyte. Advanced characterization techniques, such as in situ characterization and synchrotron X-ray techniques, are key for understanding the mechanisms of 2DM in ASSLBs.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Richard M. Milbradt, Lisa Scheller, Christopher Assmus, Christian B. Mendl
Summary: We extend the concept of dual unitary quantum gates introduced in Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 210601 (2019) to quantum lattice models in 2 + 1 dimensions, by introducing and studying ternary unitary four-particle gates, which are unitary in time and both spatial dimensions. We also generalize solvable matrix product states introduced in Phys. Rev. B 101, 094304 (2020) to two spatial dimensions with cylindrical boundary conditions, by showing that the analogous solvable projected entangled pair states can be identified with matrix product unitaries. We delineate and implement a numerical algorithm for computing such correlations by contracting the remaining tensors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Daniel L. Matera, William Y. Wang, Brendon M. Baker
Summary: During fibrotic diseases, functional tissue parenchyma gradually changes into stiff, disorganized and non-functional tissue, leading to organ failure. The interconnected changes in the cellular microenvironment can be explored using bioengineered fibrosis models.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Jianxin Zhang, Jianhua Yuan
Summary: This paper investigates the structural design of beam splitters with high total transmission efficiency in 2D GaSb-based photonic crystals. Using an alternating iteration algorithm and topology optimization, optimal designs for 1x2 and 1x4 Y-shaped beam splitters are provided. The optimized structures show high total transmission efficiency, exceeding 72% at the output ports.
MODERN PHYSICS LETTERS B
(2022)
Article
Optics
Paromita De, Sapana Ranwa, Sourangshu Mukhopadhyay
Summary: This paper realizes an integrated all-optical Pauli X, Y, Z gate system using a square lattice 2D photonic crystal of silicon rods. The system offers linear operation and high contrast ratio through the simultaneous use of phase encoding and intensity encoding techniques.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jiri Podolsky, Matus Papajcik
Summary: We present a general solution to the coupled Einstein-Maxwell field equations in three-dimensional spacetime, allowing any cosmological constant value. The solutions can be divided into two subclasses: the nonexpanding Kundt class and the expanding Robinson-Trautman class. The Kundt class only permits aligned electromagnetic fields along a privileged null congruence, while the Robinson-Trautman class allows for both aligned and more complex nonaligned Maxwell fields. We derive the metric and Maxwell field components, as well as the explicit constraints imposed by the field equations. Additionally, we identify important special spacetimes including coupled gravitational-electromagnetic waves and charged black holes.
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Karoly F. Pal, Tamas Vertesi
Summary: This paper investigates the Platonic Bell inequalities in different dimensions. For three-dimensional Platonic solids, measurement directions point towards the vertices, while in higher dimensions, measurements are associated with the abstract Tsirelson space. The paper provides a simple formula for the quantum violation of all Platonic Bell inequalities, proving that the maximum quantum violation is achieved. Additionally, the paper presents an efficient method for computing the local bound of Bell inequalities with a large number of settings, and demonstrates its practicality through specific examples.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mugilan Narayanasamy, Shakir Zaman, Chong Min Koo
Summary: Rechargeable all-solid-state batteries are considered as next-generation battery systems due to their high energy density and enhanced safety. However, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. Recent research has found that 2D MXenes materials can overcome these challenges with their outstanding conductivity and surface properties.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Optics
Jingjing Lei, Junli Wang, Xiaoli Wang, Zhiyi Wei
Summary: The study utilized ternary Mo(1-x)WxS2 alloys to fabricate Mo0.5W0.5S2 film, serving as an ultrashort pulse mode-locker in erbium-doped all fiber lasers. The experimental results demonstrated stable self-mode-locking pulses with specific characteristics, showing promising potential for ultrafast fiber laser applications.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hongwen Chen, Rumin Liu, Yang Wu, Junhui Cao, Jian Chen, Yang Hou, Yichuan Guo, Rabia Khatoon, Lingxiang Chen, Qinghua Zhang, Qinggang He, Jianguo Lu
Summary: The SnSe2/graphene heterostructure exhibits remarkable electrochemical performances in lithium-ion batteries, including high specific capacity, acceptable rate feature, ultra-long cycling life, and wide temperature operation capability, making it very potential for all-climate LIBs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samane Maroufi, Rasoul Khayyam Nekouei, Sajjad S. Mofarah, Anthony P. O'Mullane, Yin Yao, Sean Lim, Claudio Cazorla, Veena Sahajwalla
Summary: The study successfully fabricated defect-rich Mn1-x-y(CexLay)O2-δ ultrathin films with controllable thickness and transmittance, showing excellent capacitance performance and stability. The transparent and flexible film is suitable for size-sensitive energy storage devices, maintaining its energy and power densities even under vigorous twisting and bending.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Xueming Dang, Huimin Zhao
Summary: Graphdiyne, an emerging carbon allotrope, shows unique properties and potential applications in electrical and optical sensors. This study summarizes the sensing and biosensing applications of graphdiyne, and discusses the promising research directions and remaining barriers in GDY-based sensors.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
