Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tasveer Khawaja, Jennifer Linge, Olof D. Leinhard, Sadeer G. Al-Kindi, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Amit Khera, James A. de Lemos, Parag Joshi, Ian J. Neeland
Summary: This study found that coronary artery calcium (CAC) is associated with clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk regardless of type 2 diabetes (T2D) status. The association between hepatic triglyceride content (HTC) and ASCVD risk is inversely correlated in individuals with T2D compared to those without T2D. This suggests that HTC may have a protective effect in individuals with T2D.
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anurag Mehta, Nestor Vasquez, Colby R. Ayers, Jaideep Patel, Ananya Hooda, Amit Khera, Roger S. Blumenthal, Michael D. Shapiro, Carlos J. Rodriguez, Michael Y. Tsai, Laurence S. Sperling, Salim S. Virani, Michael J. Blaha, Parag H. Joshi
Summary: Elevated lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium are independently associated with ASCVD risk, and may be concurrently useful in guiding primary prevention therapy decisions, as demonstrated in the MESA and DHS cohorts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Schade, Martin Hickey, Philip Eaton
Summary: Coronary artery calcium scanning is a test used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease by measuring the calcium deposition in the coronary arteries. The score obtained from the test helps determine the likelihood of future cardiovascular events. Higher scores indicate higher risks and warrant aggressive treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Carmela Nappi, Rosario Megna, Fabio Volpe, Andrea Ponsiglione, Elisa Caiazzo, Leandra Piscopo, Ciro Gabriele Mainolfi, Emilia Vergara, Massimo Imbriaco, Michele Klain, Mario Petretta, Alberto Cuocolo
Summary: Coronary artery calcification and sarcopenia have prognostic impact in patients with cancer and non-cancer conditions. The use of freeware software for quantitative evaluation of these parameters after whole-body PET/CT is promising for risk stratification without additional radiation or cost. The study compared two software tools and found good agreement in assessing muscle mass and coronary artery calcium score. The results suggest that freeware software can provide comprehensive evaluation of oncological patients.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahmoud Al Rifai, Jie Yao, Xiuqing Guo, Wendy S. Post, Shaista Malik, Roger S. Blumenthal, Christie M. Ballantyne, Matthew Budoff, Kent D. Taylor, Henry J. Linb, Stephen S. Rich, Catherine Hajek, Philip Greenland, Jerome I. Rotter, Salim S. Virani
Summary: This study found that among individuals with absent coronary artery calcium, the polygenic risk scores were associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, particularly stroke. The impact was more significant in women and non-Whites.
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael J. Blaha, Seamus P. Whelton, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Zeina Dardari, Leslee J. Shaw, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Kunihiro Matsushita, Alan Rozanski, John A. Rumberger, Daniel S. Berman, Matthew J. Budoff, Michael D. Miedema, Khurram Nasir, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
Summary: This study compared the risk discrimination for predicting CHD and CVD deaths between the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), the MESA Risk Score (with and without CAC), and the addition of CAC to the PCE. The results showed that adding CAC to the PCE improved risk discrimination, and the MESA Risk Score with CAC, as well as the PCE plus CAC, performed best among patients with 5% to 20% estimated risk. Additionally, CAC also modestly improved discrimination in low- and high-risk groups.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthew C. Tattersall, Robyn L. Mcclelland, Prashant Nagpal, Roderick Deano, Michael J. Blaha, James H. Stein
Summary: This cross-sectional study aims to examine the expected prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) on chest computed tomography (CT) in people without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) by age, sex, and race and ethnicity.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Cynthia A. Stuenkel
Summary: VMS in older women may persist into advanced age and increase cardiovascular disease risks. Nonhormonal treatment options are available for those who elect not to use, or are advised not to use, menopausal hormone therapies.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
In-Chang Hwang, Chee Hae Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Hong-Mi Choi, Yeonyee E. Yoon, Goo-Yeong Cho
Summary: The incremental 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is associated with the risk of future ASCVD events, indicating the success or failure in controlling major cardiovascular risk factors. Effective control of risk factors leads to lower ASCVD event rates, whereas failure to control these risk factors results in higher ASCVD event rates.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeonggyu Kang, Seolhye Kim, Yoosoo Chang, Yejin Kim, Hyun Suk Jung, Seungho Ryu
Summary: This study investigated the role of coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and non-CVD mortality in young adults. The results showed a strong association between CACS and CVD mortality, particularly in young individuals. However, CACS was only significantly associated with non-CVD mortality in older individuals.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chrisandra L. Shufelt, JoAnn E. Manson
Summary: Menopausal hormone therapy has varying effects on cardiometabolic markers and cardiovascular disease risk depending on formulation, dose, and route of delivery. Oral estrogens without progestogens have positive effects on lipoprotein levels, glycemia, insulin, and CVD risk, while adding progestogens blunts the lipid-related effects. Transdermal estrogens have less impact on coagulation, inflammation, and lipids compared to oral estrogens, potentially posing a lower risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Brandilyn A. Peters, David B. Hanna, Anjali Sharma, Kathryn Anastos, Donald R. Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Caitlin A. Moran, Elizabeth A. Jackson, Maria L. Alcaide, Igho Ofotokun, Adaora A. Adimora, Sabina A. Haberlen, Mardge Cohen, Phyllis C. Tien, Katherine G. Michel, Steven R. Levine, Howard N. Hodis, Robert C. Kaplan, Michael T. Yin
Summary: In this cohort study, ever use of estrogen-based hormone therapy was associated with less progression of subclinical atherosclerosis over time in women with and without HIV. This suggests that hormone therapy may confer a similar cardiovascular benefit for both groups.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Noppanat Tiansuwan, Thinnakrit Sasiprapha, Sutipong Jongjirasiri, Nattawut Unwanatham, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Jiraporn Laothamatas, Thosaphol Limpijankit
Summary: The addition of coronary artery calcium (CAC) to the traditional risk factors improves cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prediction for asymptomatic patients with CV risk factors. The incorporation of CAC score into Thai CV risk scores increased the C statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI) index, showing enhancement in risk prediction.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul T. Jurgens, John J. Carr, James G. Terry, Jamal S. Rana, David R. Jacobs, Daniel A. Duprez
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of abdominal aorta calcium (AAC) relative to coronary artery calcium (CAC) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in Black and White early middle-aged participants. The results showed that AAC and CAC had similar predictive effects on CVD, with only CAC being able to predict CHD. Additionally, AAC was able to predict incident CVD when CAC was 0.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samar R. El Khoudary, Alexis Nasr, Karen A. Matthews, Trevor J. Orchard, Maria M. Brooks, Jeffrey Billheimer, Dan McConnell, Imke Janssen, Susan A. Everson-Rose, Sybil Crawford, Daniel J. Rader
Summary: The study found that the associations between HDL metrics and CAC may vary by menopause stage and estradiol level. Different HDL subclasses may impact the likelihood of CAC presence and the stability of coronary plaque differently over the menopause transition.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)