Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoko Takahashi, Itaru Hayakawa, Yuichi Abe
Summary: The diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children is often delayed, with clinical risk factors including physician delay and the timing of neurological symptom onset at diagnosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hongyu Gao, Shuning Wang, Hanying Duan, Yushi Wang, Hui Zhu
Summary: This study utilizes bioinformatics tools to investigate the close genetic relationship between COVID-19 and GBS for the first time. Several genes, including CAMP, LTF, DEFA1B, SAMD9, GBP1, DDX60, DEFA4, and OAS3, are identified as the most significant interacting genes between COVID-19 and GBS. The NOD-like receptors signaling pathway is believed to be essential in linking COVID-19 and GBS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Pieter A. van Doorn, Peter Y. K. Van den Bergh, Robert D. M. Hadden, Bert Avau, Patrik Vankrunkelsven, Shahram Attarian, Patricia H. Blomkwist-Markens, David R. Cornblath, H. Stephan Goedee, Thomas Harbo, Bart C. Jacobs, Susumu Kusunoki, Helmar C. Lehmann, Richard A. Lewis, Michael P. Lunn, Eduardo Nobile-Orazio, Luis Querol, Yusuf A. Rajabally, Thirugnanam Umapathi, Haluk A. Topaloglu, Hugh J. Willison
Summary: The Task Force used GRADE methodology and constructed 14 Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome questions (PICOs) covering diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of GBS. Recommendations and good practice points were provided based on the available evidence. The recommendations include considering history, CSF examination, electrodiagnostic testing and antibody testing for diagnosis. For treatment, IVIg or PE should be considered early on, and corticosteroids should be avoided. To assess prognosis, the modified Erasmus GBS outcome score (mEGOS) and modified Erasmus GBS Respiratory Insufficiency Score (mEGRIS) are recommended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jelte Helfferich, Joyce Roodbol, Marie-Claire de Wit, Oebele F. Brouwer, Bart C. Jacobs
Summary: By comparing clinical features and diagnostic criteria in children with AFM and GBS, we found distinct differences in disease progression, limb weakness presentation, and sensory deficits between AFM and GBS patients. Additionally, spinal cord lesions on MRI were only found in AFM patients.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Giuliana Galassi, Marco Mazzoli, Alessandra Ariatti, Roberta Bedin, Donato Marzullo, Elisabetta Bastia, Virginia Agnoletto, Manuela Gozzi, Franco Valzania, Stefano Meletti, Alessandro Marchioni
Summary: This study identified predictors of respiratory failure requiring MV and tracheostomy in GBS patients, which can help in early identification of patients in need of respiratory support.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gaojie Xue, Yani Zhang, Ruochen Wang, Yue Yang, Huihui Wang, Jiangping Li, Xuexian He, Qing Zhang, Xiao Yang
Summary: This study developed a prognostic prediction model based on the mEGOS score, ALB, and FPG for accurately predicting the prognosis of GBS patients at 6 months of onset.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Smriti Bose, Lay Khoon Loo, Yusuf A. Rajabally
Summary: Diagnostic delay in GBS is associated with patient-specific factors and patient pathways, with certain patient groups requiring a higher index of suspicion. Prospective studies are needed to further investigate this topic, with factors such as age, pre-existing conditions, and initial assessment contributing to delays in diagnosis and potential consequences.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stefano Censi, Giandomenico Bisaccia, Sabina Gallina, Valentina Tomassini, Antonino Uncini
Summary: The risk of GBS was increased in northern Italy during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, but decreased in some other countries during the first year of the pandemic. The incidence of GBS in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients was 8.55 per 1000 in Italian hospitalized cohorts, with a relatively high frequency (61.3%) of GBS associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in European cohorts. The 'Italian factor' may help explain the differences observed in epidemiological studies and the reduced GBS risk in other countries could be due to health measures reducing circulation of GBS infective antecedents.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Umair J. Chaudhary, Yusuf A. Rajabally
Summary: Underdiagnosis of CIDP is common and can result in significant delays in diagnosis and treatment initiation. Lack of comprehensive attention to typical electroclinical features of CIDP and its diagnostic criteria at the time of initial evaluation contributes to underdiagnoses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Christine Michaels-Igbokwe, Brenda McInnes, Karen V. MacDonald, Gillian R. Currie, Fadya Omar, Brittany Shewchuk, Francois P. Bernier, Deborah A. Marshall
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the diagnostic journeys of 299 children seeking diagnosis of a rare genetic disorder. It found that 30% of patients received a diagnosis during the study period, with an average of 5.4 tests per patient and 79% undergoing CMA.
GENETICS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Johanna I. Hamel, Eric L. Logigian
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed cases from 1999 to 2020 to describe the clinical, micronutrient, and electrophysiologic spectra and prognosis of acute nutritional axonal neuropathy (ANAN). The results showed that ANAN has a wide spectrum of manifestations and specific micronutrient deficiencies or risk factors do not predict neuropathy subtype. The prognosis of ANAN is guarded due to slow recovery of independent ambulation and residual neuropathic pain.
Review
Pediatrics
Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Ingrith Miron, Anca Lavinia Cianga, Cristina Gavrilovici, Ioana Grigore, Alexandru Gabriel David, Leonard Iosif Pertea, Ecaterina Grigore, Diana Elena David, Ancuta Lupu
Summary: Guillain-Barre syndrome is a group of acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathies characterized by symmetrical limb weakness and areflexia. However, atypical clinical presentations can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Malgorzata Syczewska, Anna Swiecicka, Ewa Szczerbik, Malgorzata Kalinowska, Dorota Dunin-Wasowicz, Malgorzata Lukowicz
Summary: The study aimed to describe the 3D gait pattern of children and adolescents with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), finding that their gait pattern is heterogeneous and cannot be described by a single pattern. Cluster analysis divided patients into three groups based on their gait variables, and discriminant analysis confirmed this division with a high percentage of correctly classified cases. Despite similar neurological signs and treatment regimen, the gait patterns of pediatric patients with GBS during recovery time are different.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Sina Marzoughi, Laura Marulanda, Dian Ngo, Tychicus Chen
Summary: This case presents an atypical motor axonal neuropathy with asymmetric paralysis, initially preserved reflexes, rapid progression, and cardiac dysfunction independent of dysautonomia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kiyoshi Takemoto, Makoto Kawahara, Kazuaki Atagi
Summary: This case report describes a 21-year-old male patient who experienced recurrent GBS, with a previous GBS episode at the age of 19 caused by C. jejuni infection. Despite re-infection with C. jejuni, the symptoms were more severe than the first episode and different anti-ganglioside antibodies were identified.