Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Tinnirello, Silvia Mazzoleni, Carola Santi
Summary: Research on pain in the elderly shows conflicting results, with some studies suggesting a modest decrease in pain sensitivity and others finding a reduced pain threshold. Elderly individuals are more prone to hyperalgesia, with pathologic changes in the central nervous system affecting pain processing.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Victoria A. Grunberg, Ryan A. Mace, Sarah M. Bannon, Jonathan Greenberg, Jafar Bakhshaie, Ana-Maria Vranceanu
Summary: The study suggests that pain catastrophizing and mindfulness are important intervention targets to enhance emotional functioning for chronic pain patients, and should be considered simultaneously in interventions.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Josu Zabala Mata, Ion Lascurain-Aguirrebena, Estibaliz Dominguez Lopez, Jon Jatsu Azkue
Summary: The study found that patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain (NSNP) have increased pronociceptive and impaired antinociceptive mechanisms, contributing to long-lasting pain and treatment failures. However, the observational nature of the study prevents establishing a clear cause-effect relationship. Normal PPT values should not be interpreted as absence of altered nociceptive processing in the clinic environment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kannan Aravagiri, Adam Ali, Hank C. Wang, Kenneth D. Candido, Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
Summary: This article explores the mechanisms and current research related to the transition from acute to chronic pain, highlighting potential treatment strategies for chronic pain prevention.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Lan Duo, Xintong Yu, Ruihan Hu, Xiping Duan, Jia Zhou, Ke Wang
Summary: Chronic pain and sleep disorders are common problems that seriously affect patients' quality of life, but there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of this comorbidity. This review article summarizes the prevalence of comorbid sleep disorders in chronic pain patients, sleep detection methods, sleep characterization in chronic pain, the impact of sleep disorders on chronic pain, and current therapies. The neurochemical mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of chronic pain with sleep disorders are still limited.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiliang Chen, Vimala Bharadwaj, Karen-Amanda Irvine, J. David Clark
Summary: While pain after trauma generally resolves, some trauma patients may experience pain for months to years. Chronic pain after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common issue that can cause headaches, back pain, and extremity pain. TBI-related pain can exist alone or exacerbate pain from other injuries. This chronic pain may lead to increased suffering, higher levels of disability, emotional problems, and worsened cognitive deficits.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Daniela Mauceri
Summary: Pain is an unpleasant sensation resulting from tissue damage, and when it persists after the injury has resolved, it becomes pathological. The transition from acute to chronic pain involves plasticity events along the neural pathways and alterations in gene expression. Epigenetic mechanisms play a crucial role in these adaptive processes in the nervous system.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carina F. Pinheiro, Anamaria S. Oliveira, Tenysson Will-Lemos, Lidiane L. Florencio, Cesar Fernandez-de-las-Penas, Fabiola Dach, Debora Bevilaqua-Grossi
Summary: Episodic and chronic migraines were associated with reduced total range of motion and mean angular velocity of neck movements, while muscle activity during active neck movements did not show significant differences. Neck disability and kinesiophobia were weakly correlated with cervical movement parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Joana Barroso, Paulo Branco, Apkar Vania Apkarian
Summary: Chronic pain is a major cause of disability globally, with inadequate treatment and a potential increase in disease burden. Despite extensive research, the underlying pathophysiology of chronic pain is minimally understood, highlighting the need for mechanistically explicit, hypothesis-driven, and clinically focused models.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Huan-Jun Lu, Yong-Jing Gao
Summary: Astrocytes play important roles in chronic pain by regulating nociceptive responses and exaggerating pain signals through interactions with neurons and other glial cells. They also actively contribute to the emotional and memory-related aspects of chronic pain in specific brain regions.
NEUROSCIENCE BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Biology
Abdullah Mosabbir
Summary: Chronic back pain is a complex condition that cannot always be cured by treating its potential causes. Therefore, efforts have been made to educate patients and help them improve their quality of life. Patient education, along with treatments, has been shown to have a significant impact on pain and pain-related disability. Understanding the pathophysiology of back pain is important for educating patients and developing new therapies.
Review
Neurosciences
Ana P. A. Dagnino, Maria M. Campos
Summary: Chronic pain in the elderly population is a current clinical challenge, as it leads to functional disability, coexisting psychological disorders, cognitive deficits, and sleep disturbances. The main painful complaints in the elderly are related to neurodegenerative and musculoskeletal conditions, peripheral vascular diseases, arthritis, and osteoarthritis, which negatively affect their quality of life, social participation, physical activity, and daily activities. Organ dysfunction and existing diseases significantly influence the perception and responses to chronic pain in this group. Elderly people exhibit altered pain experience, with changes in pain processing mechanisms, possibly due to the degeneration of pain modulating circuits. Aging is also associated with an increase in pain threshold, decline of painful sensations, and decrease in pain tolerance. Elderly patients with chronic pain are at an increased risk for dementia and cognitive impairment.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroshi Ueda
Summary: Membrane lipid-derived mediators play important roles in acute and chronic pain, with some mediators such as LPAR(1) and LPAR(3) involved in the molecular mechanisms of NeuP and FM. Acute pain, caused by mediators like prostaglandins, can be reversed by opioid analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, while chronic pain is refractory and difficult to treat.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Barry J. Sessle
Summary: Diagnosing and treating chronic orofacial pain conditions can be challenging due to their complexity. Variability between individuals in risk factors and pain expression suggests a role for genetic and environmental factors. Understanding underlying mechanisms and individual differences is crucial for effective management of chronic orofacial pain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Louise Kuhlmann, Keith Teo, Soren Schou Olesen, Anna Edwards Phillips, Mahya Faghih, Natalie Tuck, Elham Afghani, Vikesh K. Singh, Dhiraj Yadav, John A. Windsor, Asbjorn Mohr Drewes
Summary: This study developed a simplified pain assessment questionnaire called COMPAT-SF for chronic pancreatitis. The questionnaire includes the most relevant aspects of pain in CP. The study validated the reliability and validity of the questionnaire and recommended its use in future clinical practice and research.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeanne E. Conner, Joshua A. Steinberg
Summary: Diagnosis of anaphylaxis should involve comprehensive consideration, including detailed history and objective findings. Using diagnostic criteria and considering rare triggers, as well as evaluating for mast cell disorders, can aid in the diagnosis. Referral to specialists may be necessary.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandra Escobar Vasco, Julie -Ann Talano, Larisa Broglie
Summary: HLH is a rare but fatal disease, and maintaining a high level of suspicion is crucial for patients with evidence of hyperinflammation. Adolescents with HLH should undergo genetic evaluation for familial HLH, and primary immune deficiencies and dysregulation disorders should also be considered. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality related to HLH's hyperinflammation.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathleen Ryan
Summary: Fevers of unknown origin (FUO) present a diagnostic challenge, with a wide range of potential causes including infectious, autoimmune, and malignant. Some adolescents with FUO may never have an identifiable etiology, but the prognosis is generally favorable in the absence of red flag symptoms.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brett J. Bordini, Ryan D. Walsh, Donald Basel, Tejaswini Deshmukh
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsi Yen, Leah Lalor
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of increased awareness among healthcare providers when faced with severe adolescent acne that may not be typical teenage acne. It provides a summary of uncommon causes of severe adolescent acne and a simplified diagnostic approach. Additionally, it discusses rare autoinflammatory syndromic causes of acne and acne associated with excess androgen states.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bethany Auble, Justin Dey
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaitlin V. Kirkpatrick, James J. Nocton
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Louella Amos
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tracey Thompson, Ashley Phimister, Alexander Raskin
Summary: Heart failure occurs as a result of pressure or volume overload in congenital and acquired heart diseases, and its treatment varies depending on the underlying cause.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Allison Remiker, Kristina Bolling, James Verbsky
Summary: CVID is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal B-cell differentiation and impaired production of specific immunoglobulin. Clinical manifestations vary and include recurrent bacterial infections, lymphoproliferation, autoimmunity, pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, granulomas, and increased cancer risk. The diagnosis of CVID is complex, requiring exclusion of other causes of immunoglobulin deficiency and assessment based on clinical criteria models. Treatment involves regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy, infection prevention, and surveillance for complications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bridget A. Rafferty, Pooja Thakrar
Summary: CNO/CRMO is an underrecognized autoinflammatory disorder of the skeletal system resulting from immune dysregulation. Diagnosis is often delayed due to vague symptoms and the lack of accepted diagnostic criteria or specific biomarkers. Untreated CRMO can lead to chronic skeletal deformities, arthritis, and chronic pain. Diagnosis requires MRI and WB-MRI. Treatment primarily involves antiinflammatory medications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vaishali Singh, Scott K. Van Why
Summary: Hypertension in adolescents is rare, and evaluation for identifiable causes beyond primary hypertension is necessary. Common causes of hypertension in this age group are usually acquired or congenital renal or vascular diseases. If these etiologies are not found, exploration for rare causes, including monogenic hypertension, should be pursued.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dominic O. Co
Summary: Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) are a group of inflammatory demyelinating conditions that include optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Differentiating between subtypes of ADS is important for optimal patient management, and this can be achieved by considering clinical features, laboratory tests (especially autoantibodies), and MRI findings.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meghan K. Konda, Matthew Harmelink
Summary: Pediatric adolescent muscle weakness can have various causes. A methodical diagnostic evaluation is necessary to determine the specific disease category, which may require specialized care or extensive testing. The ultimate diagnosis is crucial for prognostication.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)