Article
Psychiatry
Bruno Verschuere, Franziska M. Yasrebi-de Kom, Iza van Zelm, Scott O. Lilienfeld
Summary: The authors advocate for the use of preregistration in personality disorders research, highlighting its benefits in improving research robustness and transparency. Although preregistration may not resolve all debates surrounding psychopathy and other personality disorders, it can help verify the empirical observations informing these debates.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iven-Alex Von Mucke-Heim, Lidia Urbina-Trevino, Joeri Bordes, Clemens Ries, Mathias Schmidt, Jan M. Deussing
Summary: Depressive disorders are the most burdensome psychiatric disorders worldwide. Efforts to advance treatment have been limited due to various factors, including suboptimal animal models and imprecise terminology. To overcome these issues, researchers have introduced a new taxonomical concept called depression-like syndrome (DLS) for modelling depression in laboratory mice. The DLS approach uses a combination of clinical depression criteria and Research Domain Criteria to provide a biobehavioural reference syndrome. To assess DLS presence and severity, an algorithm has been designed to ensure statistical and biological relevance of findings. The long-term objective is to use DLS as an inter-model validation standard to improve phenotyping methodology in translational research.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Alison Duncan Kerr
Summary: There is a strong argument for KR logic being superior to classical and relevant logics, as it addresses concerns regarding the validity of disjunctive syllogism and the paradoxes of implication, while also avoiding the genuine paradoxes associated with both classical and relevant logics.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Maximilian Pramreiter, Tobias Nenning, Lukas Malzl, Johannes Konnerth
Summary: The transition to climate-friendly cities has revived wood as a renewable building material. To avoid severe raw material shortages in the future, prioritizing the use of wood in long-lasting, resource-efficient engineered wood products and constructions will be crucial.
NATURE REVIEWS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophia Cruwell, Nathan J. Evans
Summary: Open science practices have gained popularity in psychology and related fields as a response to challenges like the replication crisis. However, the current discussion and templates for preregistration may not be fully suitable for research areas with diverse hypotheses and complex analysis methods. This article aims to bridge open science and mathematical psychology, providing a preregistration template and example for model application in cognitive modeling research.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Mariam El Amin, James C. Borders, Helen L. Long, Mary Alice Keller, Elaine Kearney
Summary: Open science is a set of practices aimed at improving the accessibility, transparency, and replicability of science. This study surveyed the knowledge, implementation, and perceived benefits and barriers of open science practices in the field of communication sciences and disorders. The results showed low participation but a strong desire to learn more about open science practices.
JOURNAL OF SPEECH LANGUAGE AND HEARING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Dayana Sanchez-C, James E. Richardson, Michelle Hart, Julieth Serrano, Dairon Cardenas, Mailyn A. Gonzalez, Rocio Cortes-B
Summary: Identification of individuals, particularly in the genus Micropholis, can be challenging and prone to errors. The study suggests that using a DNA barcode reference library from type specimens could improve the accuracy and speed of identification.
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Kai Michael Buttner
Summary: The paper discusses the interpretation of mathematical equations based on Hume's principle, pointing out that neo-Fregeans believe it provides a reasonable definition for cardinal numbers. It presents an argument in favor of a nominalist interpretation of mathematical equations and refutes objections from neo-Fregeans. The implications of this nominalist interpretation on the use of numerals and ontological questions regarding the existence of numbers are also examined.
Article
Psychiatry
Georg Halbeisen, Gerrit Brandt, Georgios Paslakis
Summary: This article summarizes recent developments in diversity within eating disorder research and proposes different perspectives for improving diversity. It advocates for exploring the role of diversity in treatment settings and outcomes, proactively conducting diversity-oriented research, and integrating diversity into medical education and psychotherapy training.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Kathrin Koslicki, Olivier Massin
Summary: This paper argues that a non-biased description of social phenomena should be achieved by bracketing certain explanatory commitments initially. Descriptive social ontology, which is prior to explanatory projects, is necessary to provide an objective understanding of social phenomena. The paper outlines the distinction between descriptive and explanatory approaches and defends the priority of descriptive social ontology.
Editorial Material
Education & Educational Research
Meng Liu
Summary: This essay provides an extremely timely, thoughtful, and well-informed discussion on open science in applied linguistics and beyond. It aims to engage with a broad audience and dispel persisting myths around open science, making it a fruitful read for many in the field.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasha A. Karp, Esther J. Pearl, Emma J. Stringer, Chris Barkus, Jane Coates Ulrichsen, Nathalie Percie du Sert
Summary: This study explores the implementation and barriers of blinding methods in animal experiments. The lack of blinding is shown to lead to an overestimation of treatment efficacy and false positive findings. The study identifies operational and informatic systems as significant barriers and highlights challenges related to knowledge and work culture regarding blinding.
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Gilles Dutilh, Alexandra Sarafoglou, Eric-Jan Wagenmakers
Summary: Distinguishing between hypothesis-generating research and hypothesis-testing research can help improve the replicability of findings in experimental psychology. While preregistration is a fair method to prevent biases, it may hinder researchers' flexibility in data analysis. Blinded analyses offer a solution by maintaining flexibility while preventing bias.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Robert W. Platt
Summary: The article discusses the importance of improving reproducibility in epidemiologic research through a systematic approach to code review and emphasizes that reproducibility needs to become the cornerstone of research work. In addition to code review, other methods are needed to reduce coding errors and improve the reproducibility of research.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alessandra Sala, Roberto Lorusso, Ottavio Alfieri
Summary: Isolated tricuspid regurgitation significantly worsens survival if left untreated. Recent data suggests that early referral and surgical correction result in excellent short-and long-term outcomes, prompting a change in attitude towards the treatment and management of severe isolated TR patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)