Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karolina Machova, Pavla Struncova, Jan Calta, Ladislav Tichy, Lubos Vostry
Summary: This study analyzed the pedigree of the European bison population and found that almost 100 years after the rescue measures were taken, the reference population showed high levels of genetic variability and inbreeding. However, there was no significant increase in new inbreeding. The population remained genetically diverse and showed good fitness.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marco Tolone, Maria Teresa Sardina, Andrea Criscione, Emiliano Lasagna, Gabriele Senczuk, Ilaria Rizzuto, Silvia Riggio, Angelo Moscarelli, Vito Macaluso, Rosalia Di Gerlando, Martino Cassandro, Baldassare Portolano, Salvatore Mastrangelo
Summary: Italy has a diverse range of local chicken populations, including Val Platani (VPL) and Cornuta (COS), which are important genetic resources. This study used genotype data to investigate the genetic diversity, runs of homozygosity (ROH), population structure, and relationship of these populations. The results showed moderate genetic diversity in both populations, with ROH hotspots associated with immune response and adaptation to local temperatures. The population structure analysis revealed clear clustering based on geographic origin, with COS forming a distinct genomic cluster and VPL showing intermediate relationships with other Italian local chickens.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Barbora Gajdarova, Elisa Belotti, Ludek Bufka, Josefa Volfova, Sybille Woelfl, Tereza Minarikova, Laura Hollerbach, Martin Dula, Oddmund Kleven, Miroslav Kutal, Carsten Nowak, Janis Ozolins, Branislav Tam, Josef Bryja, Petr Koubek, Jarmila Krojerova-Prokesova
Summary: Reintroduced wildlife populations are vulnerable due to limited founder size and isolation. This study analysed genotype data from a Eurasian lynx population over 35 years and found that the population initially lost a quarter of its genetic diversity compared to the source population but remained stable thereafter. Despite isolation and absence of gene flow, inbreeding was relatively low in recent decades due to enforcement and prevention of illegal killings. This study highlights the importance of genetic monitoring.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yuan Wang, Ruilan Dong, Xiao Li, Chao Cui, Guanghui Yu
Summary: This study investigated the conservation status, genetic diversity, family structure, and degree of inbreeding of the Licha black pig population on Jiaodong Peninsula, China. The results provide insights into the management and conservation of this local pig breed. The study suggests utilizing genomic data to improve mating schemes based on family information obtained, in order to maintain genetic diversity and reduce inbreeding.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Pecnerova, Edana Lord, Genis Garcia-Erill, Kristian Hanghoj, Malthe Sebro Rasmussen, Jonas Meisner, Xiaodong Liu, Tom van der Valk, Cindy G. Santander, Liam Quinn, Long Lin, Shanlin Liu, Christian Caroe, Fredrik Dalerum, Anders Gotherstrom, Johannes Masviken, Sergey Vartanyan, Katrine Raundrup, Amal Al-Chaer, Linett Rasmussen, Christina Hvilsom, Mads Peter Heide-Jorgensen, Mikkel-Holger S. Sinding, Peter Aastrup, Peter J. Van Coeverden de Groot, Niels Martin Schmidt, Anders Albrechtsen, Love Dalen, Rasmus Heller, Ida Moltke, Hans Redlef Siegismund
Summary: Genomic studies of species threatened by extinction provide crucial information about evolutionary mechanisms and genetic consequences of population declines and bottlenecks. Studying species that thrive despite past declines can offer insights into how species avoid extinction.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hsiao-Mei Liang, Kuo-Tai Yang, Yu-Tzu Cheng, Shen-Chang Chang, Cheng-Yung Lin, Ming-Yang Tsai, Der-Yuh Lin, Kuo-Hsiang Hung
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity and structure of Formosan sambar deer in Taiwan using microsatellites. The results showed low genetic diversity in captive populations, likely due to inbreeding and bottleneck effects. Two distinct genetic groups were found within the captive populations, but no significant population genetic structure was observed among the captive populations in Taiwan. Introducing new genetic material from the wild can help mitigate the impact of inbreeding and enhance genetic diversity.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Peter Nabutanyi, Meike J. Wittmann
Summary: This article explores the influence of genetic problems on the estimation of minimum viable population size, and proposes corresponding methods and models. The study finds that the interaction of genetic problems significantly affects the size of minimum viable population, and the size changes rapidly with increasing mutation rates or number of loci. Further empirical studies are needed to reveal the interaction of different genetic processes in the genome.
CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Javier Perez-Gonzalez, Juan Carranza, Gabriel Anaya, Camilla Broggini, Giovanni Vedel, Eva de la Pena, Alberto Membrillo
Summary: The analysis of population genetic structure and individual multilocus heterozygosity is crucial for wildlife management and conservation. SNPs have shown to provide better insights and higher precision than microsatellites in inferring genetic status and population processes.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Karolina Machova, Hector Marina, Juan Jose Arranz, Rocio Pelayo, Jana Rychtarova, Michal Milerski, Lubos Vostry, Aroa Suarez-Vega
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the genetic variability of Wallachian and Sumava sheep breeds and determine whether they still retain their genetic uniqueness in relation to other breeds. The results showed that despite regenerative interventions, both breeds still have genetic distinctiveness from other breeds. Wallachian sheep exhibited higher genetic diversity compared to Sumava sheep.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guillermo Blanco, Francisco Morinha
Summary: The study found that despite a decline in the population size of Egyptian vultures in central Spain, their genetic diversity remained relatively stable over a twelve-year period. Additionally, a high level of relatedness was observed among nestlings from different territories. The impact of recent demographic bottlenecks and the occurrence of inbred mating resulting in lethal malformations in offspring were also documented.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnese Viluma, Oystein Flagstad, Mikael Akesson, Camilla Wikenros, Hakan Sand, Petter Wabakken, Hans Ellegren
Summary: Genetic drift can lead to reduced genetic diversity and allele frequency changes in small populations. We studied a highly inbred Scandinavian wolf population over a span of 30 years and found that approximately 20 years of inbreeding resulted in the loss of chromosome-level haplotypes from 10% to 24% of the diploid genomes. A total of 160,000 SNP alleles were lost, which may include adaptive variants and wild-type alleles masking recessively deleterious alleles. Our study provides a novel perspective on quantifying the consequences of genetic drift in a small inbred population using whole-genome resequencing of temporally stratified samples.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Fengqing Li, Huanwei Chen, Suzhen Liu, Huacong Zhang, Zhichun Zhou
Summary: Ormosia hosiei, a tree species native to China, displays high genetic diversity and predominantly outcrossed mating system. However, biparental inbreeding was observed in progenies. In order to prevent potential issues associated with inbreeding depression, effective in situ conservation through replanting seedlings is recommended. Further multiple population and multi-year experiments are needed to validate the conclusions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Araceli Rocio Marisel Gonzalez, Francisco Javier Navas Gonzalez, Gustavo Angel Crudeli, Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo, Maria Esperanza Camacho Vallejo, Celia Raquel Quirino
Summary: This study analyzes the evolution of population structure and genetic diversity of Braford cattle in South America from 1949 to 2019 and suggests effective breeding strategies for the future. The study found that the percentage of bulls in the breed has increased over time, while the average generational interval has decreased. Inbreeding and coancestry rates have been historically low but show an increasing trend. The study also observed a shift towards mating similar individuals and an increase in the relatedness coefficient. A single ancestor explains a significant proportion of the breed's gene pool. While genetic diversity loss is small, overuse of individual bulls may lead to long-term reduction in diversity.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Shweta Sahoo, Rani Alex, Vikas Vohra, Sabyasachi Mukherjee, G. R. Gowane
Summary: This study investigated the genetic diversity and inbreeding situation of Saanen x Beetal goats. The results showed a high level of inbreeding in the reference population, with only a few ancestors contributing to the genetic diversity. Inbreeding had non-significant effects on reproductive traits, except for age at first service and age at first kidding. To reduce inbreeding and increase genetic diversity, a stratified breeding plan and the introduction of unrelated crosses should be followed.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jose Manuel Garcia-Enriquez, Salima Machkour-M'Rabet, Carmen Olivia Rosas-Correa, Yann Henaut, Laura Carrillo
Summary: This study evaluates the genetic diversity and structure of the Mexican population of the American Horseshoe crab using nuclear microsatellite markers. The results show low genetic diversity and a strong genetic structure, indicating the impact of anthropogenic activities on these populations. The existence of two management units is highlighted, calling for specific conservation strategies.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Radovan Kasarda, Lubos Vostry, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Kristina Candrakova, Nina Moravcikova
Summary: This study assessed the biodiversity of local cattle populations in Slovakia using genome-wide data. The impact of inbreeding and effective population size on genetic diversity was quantified, with a focus on dairy, dual-purpose, and beef breeds. The analysis showed that while there is some loss of genetic variability within populations, the diversity loss is not rapid and can be managed through long-term breeding strategies. Specific nucleotide changes were observed in genes responsible for preferred phenotypic traits in different cattle breeds.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Karolina Machova, Michal Milerski, Jana Rychtarova, Barbora Hofmanova, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Nina Moravcikova, Radovan Kasarda, Lubos Vostry
Summary: The study found that Wallachian sheep have low genetic diversity, mainly due to the bottleneck effect, genetic drift, and the unequal contribution of the founders.
SMALL RUMINANT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. Vostry, H. Vostra-Vydrova, J. Citek, G. Gorjanc, I. Curik
Summary: Inbreeding depression was observed to increase the prevalence of insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) in Old Kladruber horses. The use of a single-step approach helped in efficiently estimating overall and regional inbreeding effects. Overall, inbreeding, especially in the ELA class II region, was associated with an increased risk of IBH in Old Kladruber horses.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ludmila Zavadilova, Eva Kasna, Zuzana Krupova, Anita Klimova
Summary: The review discusses breeding practices aimed at improving cow resistance to diseases and health disorders, highlighting the development of genetic selection programs, gene evaluation systems, and the use of indicator traits for greater breeding efficiency.
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Radovan Kasarda, Nina Moravcikova, Barbora Olsanska, Gabor Meszaros, Lubos Vostry, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Kristina Lehocka, Jan Pristak, Juraj Candrak
Summary: This study evaluated effective population size and inbreeding trend in Slovak Spotted cattle using ROH analysis. Results showed a decrease in heterozygosity and confirmed the estimates of historical and recent effective population size. Selection signals in genes associated with reproduction, milk production, beef production, developmental processes, immune system, and coat color indicated breeders' continuous efforts to preserve the dual-purpose nature of the breed.
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Karolina Machova, Anezka Malkova, Lubos Vostry
Summary: Mitochondrial DNA and nonrecombinant parts of Y-chromosome DNA are valuable tools for studying a species' past, with a focus on the development and expansion of domestic sheep. The variability of male haplogroups and haplotypes in central China is particularly notable.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jindrich Citek, Libor Vecerek, Sona Slosarkova, Petr Fleischer, Lubos Vostry, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Daniela Schroffelova, Josef Kucera
Summary: This study analyzed the incidence of congenital defects in Czech cattle and used a relationship matrix and pedigree analysis to determine the genetic factors involved. The results showed that aplasia genitalis and atresia ani et recti were hereditary, while the genetic background of hernia cerebralis was less clear. Controlling the breeding of sires with affected calves is important to prevent future risks.
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alexandra Novotna, Alena Birovas, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Zdenka Vesela, Lubos Vostry
Summary: The genetic evaluation of Czech sport horses has been based on jumping competition results since 2014. The study found that incorporating performance test results into genetic evaluation can refine breeding values, especially for young mares and stallions.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eva Kasna, Ludmila Zavadilova, Jan Vareka, Jitka Kyselova
Summary: Dairy farming is heavily impacted by climate change, including rising temperatures and heat waves, decreased availability of quality food and water, and the spread of diseases and pests. Mitigating these effects can involve changes in technology, management, and breeding more resilient cows. Resilience can be assessed by the animal's ability to cope with various challenges and disruptions. Genetic research has shown that selecting for improved resilience can be achieved using genomic information.
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jan Calta, Katerina Zadinova, Jaroslav Citek, Eva Kluzakova, Monika Okrouhla, Roman Stupka, Ladislav Tichy, Karolina Machova, Antonin Stratil, Lubos Vostry
Summary: The missense mutation in MC4R gene was found to be associated with daily gain or fatness in pigs. However, no direct comparison of the polymorphism between different feeding levels has been conducted, despite the significant role of diet in the swine industry. This study analyzed data from pigs raised ad libitum and with restricted feed, and found significant differences in various traits associated with growth, suggesting a possible interaction between MC4R and feeding level.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BREEDING AND GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jindrich Citek, Michaela Brzakova, Jiri Bauer, Ladislav Tichy, Zuzana Sztankoova, Lubos Vostry, Yvette Steyn
Summary: This study identified the loci influencing body conformation traits in Czech Holsteins through a genome-wide association study. The results provide valuable biological information for improving body conformation and fitness in the Holstein population.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gyoergy Koever, Ino Curik, Lubos Vostry, Janos Farkas, David Mezoszentgyoergyi, Istvan Nagy
Summary: Mating between related animals is inevitable in a closed population with a small size, and inbreeding depression can occur, especially in terms of fitness traits. However, under certain conditions, inbreeding and selection can partly eliminate detrimental genes from the population. This study aims to determine the status of purging and quantify the reduction of genetic load in the survival at birth of Pannon White rabbit kits in a closed nucleus population.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michaela Cerna, Ludmila Zavadilova, Lubos Vostry, Jiri Bauer, Jiri Splichal, Jan Vareka, Daniela Fulinova, Michaela Brzakova
Summary: In dairy cattle, the productive life of a cow is crucial for breeding and selection. Reliable breeding value prediction is important for selecting animals with high genetic potential for survival. This study shows the methodological procedure for determining weights and estimating genetic parameters in a weighted analysis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lubos Vostry, Hana Vostra-Vydrova, Nina Moravcikova, Radovan Kasarda, Vlatka Cubric-Curik, Michaela Brzakova, Johan Solkner, Mario Shihabi, Jorge Angel Hidalgo Moreno, Maria Spehar, Ino Curik
Summary: Holstein-Friesian is a widely distributed breed with low genetic diversity despite its large population size. This study analyzed the genomic diversity and population structure of the subpopulation from the Czech Republic. The results showed high genomic inbreeding in Czech bulls and identified potential problems of increased inbreeding due to the selection of artificial insemination bulls.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eva Kasn, Ludmila Zavadilovk, Zuzana Krupov, Soha Slosrkov, Petr Fleischer
Summary: This paper focuses on the genomic evaluation of retained placenta (RP), metritis/endometritis (MET), and cystic ovarian disease (CYS) in Holstein cattle and their role in the selection program. The study proposes a method for estimating genetic parameters and genomic breeding values. The results show favorable correlations between reproductive disorders resistance, fertility, and longevity traits. The correlation between CYS and milk protein yield suggests a genetic predisposition to cystic ovarian disease in high-producing cows. Additionally, positive correlations were found between health traits, indicating that improving one health trait would lead to favorable selection responses in others.
CZECH JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)