4.6 Article

Dissecting Sperm Mitochondrial G-Quadruplex Structures Using a Fluorescent Probe Biomarker to Monitor and Regulate Fertilization Capability

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AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00068

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G-quadruplexes; mitochondria; spermatozoa; fertilization failure; mitophagy

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In this study, a novel chemical probe, TPE-mTO, was used to monitor the levels of mitochondrial DNA G-quadruplexes (mtDNAG4s) in spermatozoa from mice and patients with fertilization failure. The probe efficiently tracked mtDNA G4s and showed significantly increased levels in patients with fertilization failure. Abnormal fertilization caused by increased mtDNA G4s could be restored by inducing mitophagy. This study provides a new method for monitoring etiological biomarkers in patients with clinical infertility and treating abnormal fertilization caused by mtDNAG4 dysfunction.
To monitor the levels of mitochondrial DNA G-quadruplexes(mtDNAG4s) in spermatozoa and to explore the possibility using mtDNA G4sas a reliable marker in patients with multiple clinical inseminationfailures, a novel chemical TPE-mTO probe engineered in our previouswork was used on both samples from the mice sperm and from patientswith fertilization failure. Expression of valosin-containing proteinand the zona-free hamster egg assay were used to evaluate mitophagyand human sperm penetration. RNA-sequencing was used to explore expressionchanges of key genes affected by mtDNA G4s. Results showed that theprobe can track mtDNA G4s in spermatozoa easily and quickly with fewerbackgrounds. Significantly increased mtDNA G4s were also found inpatients with fertilization failure, using the flow-cytometry-basedTPE-mTO probe detection method. A sperm-hamster egg penetrationexperiment showed that abnormal fertilization caused by increasedmtDNA G4s can be effectively restored by a mitophagy inducer. Thisstudy provides a novel methodfor monitoring etiological biomarkers in patients with clinical infertilityand treatment for patients with abnormal fertilization caused by mtDNAG4 dysfunction.

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