Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yuqing Zhou, Refath Farzana, Somsavanh Sihalath, Sayaphet Rattanavong, Manivanh Vongsouvath, Mayfong Mayxay, Kirsty Sands, Paul N. Newton, David A. B. Dance, Brekhna Hassan, Timothy R. Walsh
Summary: This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) in Laos, finding variations in the prevalence of MCRPEC and their resistance profiles. The distribution and dissemination of plasmids were identified as important factors influencing the spread of mcr.
Review
Microbiology
Madubuike Umunna Anyanwu, Ishmael Festus Jaja, Obichukwu Chisom Nwobi, Anthony Christian Mgbeahuruike, Chinaza Nnenna Ikpendu, Nnenna Audrey Okafor, James Wabwire Oguttu
Summary: Mobile colistin resistance genes pose a threat to the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria. The use of colistin in horses without sensitivity testing facilitates the acquisition of these resistance genes. The dissemination of these genes among horse populations is non-clonal and may involve other resistance genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michael Timmermans, Pierre Wattiau, Olivier Denis, Cecile Boland
Summary: This study identified a reservoir of mobile colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 to -5) in commensal Escherichia coli isolated from healthy pigs, cattle and poultry in Belgium over at least 5 years (2012-2016), highlighting the ongoing presence of colistin resistance genes in these animal populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shang Lu, Dan Li, Leilei Wang, Yingmin Bi, Minghua Wang, Fan Yang
Summary: This study identified the mcr-1 gene in 15 clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, with promoter variations associated with expression of the mcr-1 gene and ultimately the levels of colistin resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Md Rezaul Karim, Zunita Zakaria, Latiffah Hassan, Nik Mohd Faiz, Nur Indah Ahmad
Summary: The prevalence of colistin resistance and its molecular mechanisms were studied in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from chicken and chicken meats. Among 627 isolates, 8.6% demonstrated phenotypic colistin resistance, and 12.96% of these resistant isolates carried mcr genes. Specifically, mcr-1 and mcr-5 genes were detected in 11.11% and 1.85% of the colistin-resistant isolates, respectively. This study also identified the first report of the mcr-5 gene in Malaysia. Further investigations are required to characterize mcr-5 harboring bacteria and their associated plasmids.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ping Li, L. Zhan, Henghui Wang, Wenjie Gao, Lei Gao, Shencong Lv, Xiaofei Zhang, Guoying Zhu, Yong Yan
Summary: Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen that causes severe gastrointestinal disease. The first evidence of mcr-1-mediated colistin resistance in Salmonella is reported in this study. The strain also displayed multidrug resistance to various antimicrobials. The study identified the genetic features of the plasmid and other antimicrobial-resistance genes.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Qiaoling Li, Changrui Qian, Xueya Zhang, Tingting Zhu, Weina Shi, Mengdi Gao, Chunlin Feng, Ming Xu, Hailong Lin, Li Lin, Junwan Lu, Xi Lin, Kewei Li, Teng Xu, Qiyu Bao, Changchong Li, Hailin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the colistin resistance mechanism of clinical E. coli isolates using the agar dilution method, polymerase chain reaction, and comparative genomic analysis. The results showed an increase in colistin resistance in E. coli isolates in 2019 compared to previous years. The study also identified six isolates carrying the mcr-1 gene, including a novel variant with a mutation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Dusan Misic, Ferenc Kiskaroly, Michael P. Szostak, Adriana Cabal, Werner Ruppitsch, Tanja Bernreiter-Hofer, Viktoria Milovanovic, Andrea T. Fessler, Franz Allerberger, Joachim Spergser, Elke Mueller, Stefan Schwarz, Sascha D. Braun, Stefan Monecke, Ralf Ehricht, Maciej Korus, Damir Benkovic, Malgorzata Korzeniowska, Igor Loncaric
Summary: This study aimed to monitor the presence of mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes in Enterobacterales isolated from cattle, pigs, and domestic poultry in intensive breeding facilities in Northern Vojvodina, Serbia. The study identified mcr-1 gene in E. coli isolates from healthy turkeys, with various ST types and virulence-associated genes. The isolates showed susceptibility to tested biocides, indicating no resistance. Continuous monitoring of livestock samples is advised to prevent potential transmission to humans.
Article
Microbiology
Ping Cheng, Yuqi Yang, Sai Cao, Haibin Liu, Xiaoting Li, Jichao Sun, Fulei Li, Muhammad Ishfaq, Xiuying Zhang
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of mcr-1-positive colistin-resistant E. coli in food animals, showing extensive antimicrobial resistance, strong transferability, and impact on host fitness.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xiao-Qing Zhu, Yi-Yun Liu, Renjie Wu, Haoliang Xun, Jian Sun, Jian Li, Yaoyu Feng, Jian-Hua Liu
Summary: The mcr-1 gene could improve the survival rates of strains of both bacterial species but could not facilitate the evolution of high-level colistin resistance. Additionally, the study found that K. pneumoniae strains were more likely to develop HLCR compared to E. coli strains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elsa de la Cadena, Mateo Mahecha, Ana Maria Velandia, Juan Carlos Garcia-Betancur, Laura J. J. Rojas, Jessica Porras, Christian Pallares, Maria Virginia Villegas
Summary: We discovered the presence of the mcr-1 gene in a low percentage of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from Colombian hospitals. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of multiple resistance genes and different sequence types in the five isolates carrying mcr-1. The spread of mcr-1 in E. coli in this geographic region seems to be limited and has not affected high-risk clones like ST131.
Article
Microbiology
Christian Valdez, Catia Costa, Marco Simoes, Carla C. C. R. de Carvalho, Teresa Baptista, Maria J. Campos
Summary: The increase in antimicrobial resistant strains poses an emerging threat to public health. Clams, as marine invertebrates, serve as a natural reservoir for specific microbial communities, including antimicrobial resistant Vibrio and coliforms. Phenotypic resistance to colistin was found in three Vibrio strains, which also carried the mcr-1 gene. The resistance was found to be chromosomally mediated and the isolates were genetically distinct from known Vibrio species.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Niamh Cahill, Brigid Hooban, Kelly Fitzhenry, Aoife Joyce, Louise O'Connor, Georgios Miliotis, Francesca McDonagh, Liam Burke, Alexandra Chueiri, Maeve Louise Farrell, James E. Bray, Niall Delappe, Wendy Brennan, Deirdre Prendergast, Montserrat Gutierrez, Catherine Burgess, Martin Cormican, Dearbhaile Morris
Summary: The emergence and dissemination of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes poses a significant threat to public health, as colistin is one of the last line treatment options for multi-drug resistant infections. This study identified several bacteria carrying mcr genes, mainly in water sources and wastewater, along with other multi-drug resistance genes. These findings highlight the need for further research to understand the role of the environment in the persistence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Adrian Gorecki, Marcin Musialowski, Mikolaj Wolacewicz, Przemyslaw Decewicz, Catarina Ferreira, Dana Vejmelkova, Malgorzata Grzesiuk, Celia M. Manaia, Jan Bartacek, Lukasz Dziewit
Summary: Antibiotic resistance poses a major threat to public health, and efforts are needed to enhance global surveillance and standardized protocols. A study proposed novel PCR primers for mcr genes detection and validated their effectiveness in various environments. This analysis highlighted the importance of accurate primers for screening mcr genes.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yongliang Che, Renjie Wu, Hongjie Li, Longbai Wang, Xuemin Wu, Qiuyong Chen, Rujing Chen, Lunjiang Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to characterize two novel mcr-1 variants, mcr-1.35 and mcr-1.36, which originated from Moraxella spp. that were isolated from diseased pigs in China. The study used whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to determine the location and genetic environment of the two mcr-1 variants. Functional cloning assays confirmed that these variants confer resistance to colistin. The findings highlight the presence of novel mcr-1 variants in Moraxella spp. from pig farms in China.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mohamad Yasmin, Laura J. Rojas, Steven H. Marshall, Andrea M. Hujer, Anna Cmolik, Emma Marshall, Helen W. Boucher, Alejandro J. Vila, Maxime Soldevila, Seydina M. Diene, Jean-Marc Rolain, Robert A. Bonomo
Summary: This study characterized the drug resistance mechanisms and evaluated the efficacy of contemporary antibiotics against Elizabethkingia anophelis, an emerging pathogen causing life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Whole-genome sequencing identified drug-resistant genes and determined the susceptibility of the pathogen to different antibiotics. The study provides important guidance for selecting appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Khouloud Slimene, Allaaeddin El Salabi, Olfa Dziri, Najla Mathlouthi, Seydina M. Diene, Elhussan Ahmed Mohamed, Jadalla M. A. Amhalhal, Mohammed O. Aboalgasem, Jomaa F. Alrjael, Jean-Marc Rolain, Chedly Chouchani
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance, especially to carbapenems, poses a major threat to public health. A study conducted in Ibn Sina Hospital in Libya identified low susceptibility to carbapenems among Gram-negative bacteria. Molecular investigations revealed the presence of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases-1 and Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase enzymes in Pseudomonas spp. Additionally, a new gene and resistance gene were discovered in Acinetobacter baumannii.
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sarrah Landolsi, Rachid Selmi, Linda Hadjadj, Asma Ben Haj Yahia, Lilia Messadi, Jean-Marc Rolain
Summary: A study conducted in Tunisia found that rodents can potentially transmit multidrug resistant bacteria, posing a public health problem. The researchers isolated Enterobacteriaceae strains from the intestines of rats captured from various locations and found that rodents may play a role in the spread of antimicrobial resistant E. coli.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
James Robertson, Justin Schonfeld, Kyrylo Bessonov, Patrick Bastedo, John H. E. Nash
Summary: In this study, the MOB-suite toolset was used to reconstruct and classify plasmids in a large-scale population of Salmonella. The transfer of plasmids and antimicrobial resistance genes between different MOB-clusters and serotypes were characterized. The majority of Salmonella plasmids were not involved in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes, and the transfer of genes was more significant between different MOB-clusters than between different serotypes. This plasmid characterization approach can be applied to other organisms to identify high-risk genes and plasmids for horizontal transfer.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sabah El-Sawalhi, Oceane Revol, Amanda Chamieh, Alexandre Lacoste, Alexandre Annessi, Bernard La Scola, Jean-Marc Rolain, Isabelle Pagnier
Summary: This study examines the circulation of bacterial strains and their antibiotic resistance genes in the aquatic environment in Marseille, France. The importance of monitoring the frequency of these circulating bacteria in water treatments is emphasized.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Mohamad Maatouk, Jean-Marc Rolain, Fadi Bittar
Summary: Microbial ecology is a critical field that studies the composition, diversity, and functions of microorganisms in different environments and health-related processes. The discovery of Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) has brought attention to a new group of microorganisms characterized by symbiotic/parasitic lifestyle, small cell size, and small genome. Although poorly understood, CPRs have been widely detected in various environmental and clinical samples and are found to exhibit high genetic diversity. This review provides an overview of CPR discovery and highlights their genomic characteristics and interactions with other microbes in different ecological niches.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
May Khoder, Marwan Osman, Issmat I. Kassem, Rayane Rafei, Ahmad Shahin, Seydina M. Diene, Jean-Marc Rolain, Monzer Hamze
NEW MICROBES AND NEW INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Hernan Caceres-Escobar, Luigi Maiorano, Carlo Rondinini, Marta Cimatti, Serge Morand, Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio, Marisa Peyre, Benjamin Roche, Moreno Di Marco
Summary: Human pressure on the environment is increasing the frequency, diversity, and spatial extent of disease outbreaks. Past and current initiatives have overlooked the interconnection between the health of the environment, animals, and humans. To effectively prevent pandemics, global responses should prioritize prevention under the One Health approach and establish measurable targets and indicators, similar to those for biodiversity loss and climate change. Using an established framework, such as the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response framework, can help operationalize pandemic prevention efforts.
Correction
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thi Loi Dao, Van Thuan Hoang, Amal Magmoun, Tran Duc Anh Ly, Sophie Alexandra Baron, Linda Hadjadj, Naomie Canard, Tassadit Drali, Frederique Gouriet, Didier Raoult, Philippe Parola, Pierre Marty, Jean-Marc Rolain, Philippe Gautret
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Seydina M. Diene, Pierre Pontarotti, Said Azza, Nicholas Armstrong, Lucile Pinault, Eric Chabriere, Philippe Colson, Jean-Marc Rolain, Didier Raoult
Summary: Beta-lactamase enzymes are capable of conferring resistance to widely used antibiotics in human medicine, making them a topic of significant interest. Among these enzymes, the class B beta-lactamases are a type of metallo-beta-lactamase fold protein found not only in bacteria but also in other organisms. Previously unexplored in other organisms due to various barriers, modern search approaches have now uncovered their presence in different organisms including Bacteria, Archaea, Nanoarchaeota, Asgard, Humans, Giant viruses, and Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR). These multifunctional enzymes exhibit diverse enzymatic or non-enzymatic activities, with at least thirteen reported activities such as beta-lactamase, ribonuclease, nuclease, glyoxalase, lactonase, phytase, ascorbic acid degradation, anti-cancer drug degradation, or membrane transport. This review discusses the existence of M beta L fold enzymes in different domains of life, presents suitable approaches for studying their homologous sequences in unexpected sources, and presents described M beta L fold enzymes with demonstrated enzymatic or non-enzymatic activities.
Article
Microbiology
Mohamad Maatouk, Vicky Merhej, Pierre Pontarotti, Ahmad Ibrahim, Jean-Marc Rolain, Fadi Bittar
Summary: The Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR) harbors a large number of genes encoding enzymes with potential antibiotic resistance activity, particularly metallo-beta-lactamase-like (MBL-like) enzymes. These CPR MBL-like sequences are longer and more diverse than bacterial MBLs, and they have a high content of functional domains. Most CPR MBL-like sequences have not been identified with known MBLs, indicating the presence of many potential, yet undiscovered, functions in CPR.
Article
Microbiology
Habibou Sarr, Aissatou Ahmet Niang, Amadou Diop, Oleg Mediannikov, Hanane Zerrouki, Seydina M. Diene, Seynabou Lo, Mouhamadou Lamine Dia, Ahmad Iyane Sow, Florence Fenollar, Jean-Marc Rolain, Linda Hadjadj, Carla Calia, Lawrence S. Young
Summary: This study investigated the antibiotic resistance of enterobacteria in Senegal and identified the emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) infections. The results showed that carbapenemase genes and class A β-lactamase genes were widely present in enterobacteria. This phenomenon is concerning, and strict surveillance is necessary to prevent further spread.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Irene Sanchez-Leon, Teresa Garcia-Martinez, Seydina M. Diene, Elena Perez-Nadales, Luis Martinez-Martinez, Jean-Marc Rolain
Summary: This study aimed to investigate heteroresistance in nine clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing OXA-48 and describe genomic changes in vitro. It was found that the heteroresistance in K. pneumoniae isolates was mainly attributed to insertions in the mgrB gene and point mutations in colistin resistance proteins. These findings contribute to the understanding of colistin resistance mechanisms in OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae mutants.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ayan Ali Ragueh, Mohamed Houmed Aboubaker, Sitani Idriss Mohamed, Jean-Marc Rolain, Seydina M. Diene
Summary: This study investigated the resistance rate to carbapenems among multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) in Djibouti and characterized their resistance mechanisms. The results showed that out of 256 isolates, 20 were resistant to carbapenems. Carbapenemase genes such as bla(OXA-48) and bla(NDM-5) were identified in the isolates.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Svetlana Feigin, David O. Wiebers, George Lueddeke, Serge Morand, Kelley Lee, Andrew Knight, Michael Brainin, Valery L. Feigin, Amanda Whitfort, James Marcum, Todd K. Shackelford, Lee F. Skerratt, Andrea S. Winkler
Summary: Humanity is facing the greatest challenge of irreversible climate change caused by human activity. This systematic literature review summarizes solutions proposed in the past 20 years and proposes a unified framework to solve the climate crisis. The solutions reviewed include transitioning to renewable energy, reducing energy consumption, rethinking global transportation, and nature-based solutions. The review emphasizes the importance of shifting towards a plant-based diet and phasing out industrialized animal farming, which is the most damaging form of animal agriculture. Failure to act will lead to irreversible climate change with widespread consequences.
