Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Luigi Schiavo, Gerardo Sarno, Elisabetta Camajani, Antonio Iannelli, Massimiliano Caprio, Vincenzo Pilone, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Bariatric surgery is the most effective method for long-term weight loss in severe obesity patients. The pre-operative diet plays a crucial role in determining patients' suitability for surgery and their post-operative outcomes. Nutritional management of bariatric patients requires specialized expertise.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Luigi Barrea, Matteo Megna, Sara Cacciapuoti, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease influenced by genetic and lifestyle factors. Nutrition and obesity are significant contributors to its pathogenesis and severity. Certain diets with anti-inflammatory properties, such as the very-low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), may improve clinical severity by reducing weight and systemic inflammation.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana Karina Zambrano, Santiago Cadena-Ullauri, Patricia Guevara-Ramirez, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Viviana A. Ruiz-Pozo, Elius Paz-Cruz, Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo, Sebastian Chapela, Martha Montalvan, Gerardo Sarno, Claudia V. Guerra, Daniel Simancas-Racines
Summary: The very-low-calorie KD (VLCKD) is a diet with a caloric intake of under 800 kcal/day, less than 50 g/day of carbohydrate, and a balance of protein and fat. VLCKD has been proven to have beneficial effects on diseases like heart failure, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's, and obesity. The gut microbiota plays a role in metabolism, appetite, and energy regulation, and there is evidence of an association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and obesity. More research is needed to understand the mechanisms and potential benefits of VLCKD on gut microbiota composition in individuals with obesity.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the short-term effect of a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on sleep quality in overweight/obese women. The results showed that VLCKD significantly improved sleep quality, and this improvement was mainly due to the reduction in fat mass.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Pasquale Santangeli, Stefania Luca, Annamaria Docimo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) significantly reduces blood pressure and improves body weight and composition in women with obesity and hypertension.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rita Polito, Giovanni Messina, Anna Valenzano, Alessia Scarinci, Ines Villano, Marcellino Monda, Giuseppe Cibelli, Chiara Porro, Daniela Pisanelli, Vincenzo Monda, Antonietta Messina
Summary: Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that influences immune response and hormone metabolism; accumulation of visceral fat may increase cortisol synthesis. A study on a commercial dietary ketosis program for weight loss found significant decreases in salivary cortisol and GSR levels, as well as improvements in body composition and biochemical features, indicating a short-term positive effect on the SNS and HPA axes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludovica Verde, Maria Dalamaga, Xavier Capo, Giuseppe Annunziata, Maria Hassapidou, Annamaria Docimo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea
Summary: High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) leads to better results in the very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), possibly due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the MD, which create a metabolic state favorable for more effective ketosis.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Giuseppe Castaldo, Imma Pagano, Manuela Grimaldi, Carmen Marino, Paola Molettieri, Angelo Santoro, Ilaria Stillitano, Rocco Romano, Paola Montoro, Anna Maria D'Ursi, Luca Rastrelli
Summary: Psoriasis is an inflammatory disease associated with immunological mechanisms and obesity. Using a low-calorie ketogenic diet can effectively improve metabolic and inflammatory status in psoriasis patients.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Calcaterra, Hellas Cena, Francesca Sottotetti, Chiara Hruby, Nagaia Madini, Noemi Zelaschi, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age and is mainly driven by hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinism, and insulin resistance. Lifestyle and dietary interventions, particularly the quality and quantity of carbohydrates consumed, play a crucial role in the management of PCOS, and the ketogenic diet (KD) has shown promise in improving insulin resistance and carbohydrate metabolism. Further studies are needed to determine the specific effects of the very low-calorie ketogenic diet (LCKD) in adolescents with PCOS and excessive body weight. Rating: 8/10
Article
Surgery
Livia Lugarinho Correa, Adriana Moretti, Priscila Alves Medeiros de Sousa, Leticia Dinis, Mariana Fuganti de Souza, Isabel Tostes, Maitane Nunez-Garcia, Ignacio Sajoux
Summary: This study evaluated the response to a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in patients who did not achieve desired weight loss or experienced weight regain after bariatric surgery. The results showed significant reductions in weight, BMI, abdominal circumference, and glycated hemoglobin levels post-ketogenic diet, with no differences in certain biochemical markers. The ketogenic diet was recommended as an effective and safe treatment option for these patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Tragni, Luisella Vigna, Massimiliano Ruscica, Chiara Macchi, Manuela Casula, Alfonso Santelia, Alberico L. Catapano, Paolo Magni
Summary: The multi-center VLCKD program conducted in a real-world setting for overweight/obese women was shown to be safe and effective, resulting in significant improvements in cardiometabolic parameters, substantial reductions in body weight and waist circumference.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariangela Rondanelli, Clara Gasparri, Gabriella Peroni, Milena Anna Faliva, Maurizio Naso, Simone Perna, Philip Bazire, Ignacio Sajuox, Roberto Maugeri, Chiara Rigon
Summary: Studies have shown that very low calorie diets and very low carbohydrate diets can affect the gut microbiota composition of obese patients, while very low calorie ketogenic diets alter the composition of fecal microbial populations and impact the plasma metabolome and fecal bile acid composition.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Claudia Vetrani, Francesca Marino, Sara Aprano, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: This study investigated the safety and efficacy of Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD) in obese individuals. The results showed that VLCKD was a promising and effective therapeutic tool for obesity, with mild and manageable side effects. There were no significant differences in weight loss percentage between those who experienced side effects and those who did not.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Enric Sanchez, Maria-Dolores Santos, Maitane Nunez-Garcia, Marta Bueno, Ignacio Sajoux, Andree Yeramian, Albert Lecube
Summary: Weight loss after bariatric surgery can reduce the expansion of the adventitial vasa vasorum (VV), but the effect of very low calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) on VV and lipid-based atherogenic indices is unclear. A 6-month VLCKD intervention in moderately obese individuals led to significant improvements in BMI, total body fat, and quality of life, as well as decreases in atherogenic plasma index and sICAM-1 serum concentration. While VV density did not change significantly, VLCKD induced changes in markers of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Luigi Barrea, Massimiliano Caprio, Mikiko Watanabe, Giuseppe Cammarata, Alessandra Feraco, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Ludovica Verde, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano
Summary: Obesity is an emerging non-communicable disease associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. The ketogenic diet (KD), characterized by high fat intake, moderate to low protein consumption, and very low carbohydrate intake, has proven to be effective in weight loss and improving the inflammatory state and oxidative stress in individuals with obesity.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. M. Ruggeri, E. Benevento, F. De Cicco, B. Fazzalari, E. Guadagno, I. Hasballa, M. G. Tarsitano, A. M. Isidori, A. Colao, A. Faggiano, I Aini, I Aini, M. Albertelli, Y. Alessi, B. Altieri, S. Antonini, L. Barrea, F. Birtolo, F. Campolo, G. Cannavale, C. Cantone, S. Carra, R. Centello, A. Cozzolino, S. Molfetta, V. Vito, G. Fanciulli, T. Feola, F. Ferrau, S. Gay, E. Giannetta, F. Grillo, E. Grossrubatscher, V Guarnotta, A. Salvia, A. Laffi, A. Lania, A. Liccardi, P. Malandrino, R. Mazzilli, E. Messina, N. Mikovic, R. Minotta, R. Modica, G. Muscogiuri, C. Pandozzi, G. Pugliese, G. Puliani, A. Ragni, M. Rubino, F. Russo, F. Sesti, L. Verde, A. Veresani, C. Vetrani, G. Vitale, V Zamponi, I Zanata
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
R. M. Ruggeri, E. Benevento, F. De Cicco, B. Fazzalari, E. Guadagno, I Hasballa, M. G. Tarsitano, A. M. Isidori, A. Colao, A. Faggiano
Summary: This review reevaluates the genetic basis and clinical features of gastroenteropancreatic and thoracic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in the context of inherited syndromes, with a special focus on molecularly targeted therapies. Significant advances have been made in understanding the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of NET development, leading to the identification of targetable alterations and the development of novel targeted therapies.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. Vetrani, L. Barrea, L. Verde, A. Docimo, S. Aprano, S. Savastano, A. Colao, G. Muscogiuri
Summary: This study found that individuals with evening chronotype (EC) and obesity had higher BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference compared to individuals with morning chronotype (MC) and obesity. EC individuals also had lower insulin sensitivity and 25-OH-D levels. Moreover, EC individuals had a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and impaired fasting glucose. 25-OH-D was positively correlated with chronotype score and negatively correlated with BMI. These findings suggest that 25-OH-D and chronotype are independently associated with obesity.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Luigi Barrea, Sara Cacciapuoti, Matteo Megna, Ludovica Verde, Claudio Marasca, Rosa Vono, Elisabetta Camajani, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Acne is an inflammatory disease caused by hormonal changes and bacterial infection. The influence of diet on acne is a growing topic, but the research findings have been contradictory. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), which has been associated with weight loss and reduced inflammation, has the potential to benefit acne treatment. This review aims to provide evidence from scientific literature to support the use of VLCKD in acne treatment.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Francesca Pacifici, Gina Malatesta, Caterina Mammi, Donatella Pastore, Vincenzo Marzolla, Camillo Ricordi, Francesca Chiereghin, Marco Infante, Giulia Donadel, Francesco Curcio, Annalisa Noce, Valentina Rovella, Davide Lauro, Manfredi Tesauro, Nicola Di Daniele, Enrico Garaci, Massimiliano Caprio, David Della-Morte
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a natural mixture of polyphenols and micronutrients (A5(+)) on counteracting white adipogenesis and promoting fat browning. The results showed that A5(+) significantly reduced lipids accumulation, inhibited cellular proliferation, and decreased the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, A5(+) promoted fat browning and fatty acid oxidation by increasing the expression of genes related to brown adipose tissue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of NAFLD and obesity, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation. The Mediterranean Diet, with its antioxidant properties, is recommended as a preferred nutritional approach in the treatment of NAFLD. Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet can lower the risk of developing NAFLD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigi Barrea, Claudia Vetrani, Ludovica Verde, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Florencia Ceriani, Simona Cernea, Annamaria Docimo, Chiara Graziadio, Devjit Tripathy, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: Diet is crucial in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Individualized medical nutritional therapy has been shown to improve outcomes, and various eating patterns have proven benefits for T2DM patients. Personalized meal plans should be considered, with reduced carbohydrate intake and replacement of high GI foods. The quality of fats is important, and supplementation with antioxidants or micronutrients is not recommended.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ludovica Verde, Stefania Luca, Simona Cernea, Cem Sulu, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk, Trond Geir Jenssen, Silvia Savastano, Gerardo Sarno, Annamaria Colao, Luigi Barrea, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the role of obesity in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease and the current evidence on nutritional, pharmacological, and surgical strategies for the management of individuals with obesity and chronic kidney disease. Obesity can harm the kidney through direct pathways and systemic complications, leading to glomerular hyperfiltration, proteinuria, and impaired glomerular filtration rate. Various weight loss strategies exist, but there are no clinical practice guidelines for managing obesity and chronic kidney disease.
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Isaac Amoah, Angela Ascione, Fares M. S. Muthanna, Alessandra Feraco, Elisabetta Camajani, Stefania Gorini, Andrea Armani, Massimiliano Caprio, Mauro Lombardo
Summary: Legumes are nutrient-dense crops with health-promoting benefits, but their consumption is hindered by various barriers. Pre-treatment methods like soaking and sprouting can reduce anti-nutritional factors and cooking time for legumes. Extrusion technology can be used to develop innovative legume-enriched products, while culinary skills such as making legume salads and soups can promote legume consumption. This review highlights the nutritional effects of legume consumption and suggests strategies to improve digestibility and promote intake through educational and culinary approaches.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giulia de Alteriis, Gabriella Pugliese, Antonella Di Sarno, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea, Valentina Cossiga, Giuseppe Perruolo, Michele Francesco Di Tolla, Francesca Zumbolo, Pietro Formisano, Filomena Morisco, Silvia Savastano
Summary: Visceral obesity is associated with the progression of NASH. CK18 epitopes M30 and M65 are accurate markers for detecting NASH. This study found that CK18M30 and CK18M65 levels were significantly correlated with anthropometric and metabolic characteristics, liver stiffness, and indices of steatosis and fibrosis in subjects with visceral obesity. These levels could serve as good biomarkers for early identification of NASH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Daniel Simancas-Racines, Ana Karina Zambrano, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Annamaria Colao, Silvia Savastano, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: The study found that high adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with the metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) phenotype. Additionally, it was suggested that a specific cut-off of the PREDIMED score could be used to differentiate patients with MUO/MHO phenotypes, helping to identify those at higher cardiovascular risk who may require specific dietary interventions.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luigi Barrea, Ludovica Verde, Cherubino Di Lorenzo, Silvia Savastano, Annamaria Colao, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the short-term effect of a very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on sleep quality in overweight/obese women. The results showed that VLCKD significantly improved sleep quality, and this improvement was mainly due to the reduction in fat mass.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Barrea, L. Verde, G. Annunziata, E. Camajani, M. Caprio, A. S. Sojat, L. V. Marina, V. Guarnotta, A. Colao, G. Muscogiuri
Summary: This review examines the potential role of the Mediterranean diet (MD) in the prevention and management of endocrine disorders. The studies reviewed suggest that MD may have a beneficial effect in various endocrine disorders due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as its high levels of phytochemicals.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elisabetta Camajani, Alessandra Feraco, Ludovica Verde, Eleonora Moriconi, Marco Marchetti, Annamaria Colao, Massimiliano Caprio, Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea
Summary: This narrative review examines the role of ketogenic diets (KDs) in improving fertility outcomes, low-grade inflammation, body weight, visceral adipose tissue, and its potential use in certain types of cancer, through its favorable actions on mitochondrial function, reactive oxygen species generation, chronic inflammation, and tumor growth inhibition.
CURRENT OBESITY REPORTS
(2023)