Review
Plant Sciences
Lewis H. Ziska
Summary: While CO2 is widely recognized as a greenhouse gas contributing to global warming, it is also found to have a significant impact on plant biology, including stimulating photosynthesis and growth but potentially affecting plant nutrition. This aspect of anthropogenic climate change is crucial yet often overlooked.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Haoming Wu, Yang Wang, Huiying Li, Lu Meng, Nan Zheng, Jiaqi Wang
Summary: Endotoxin is a complex molecule derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, posing a threat to the health of infants by damaging the intestinal flora. Although there is no clear evidence that endotoxin levels in infant food cause significant immune symptoms or diseases in infants, it is still important to take preventive measures.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maha Hoteit, Carla Ibrahim, Joanna Nohra, Yonna Sacre, Lara Hanna-Wakim, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
Summary: A study in the Lebanese market found that the majority of infant formulas and baby food products examined did not comply with regulations and nutrition labels. They also revealed high levels of saturated fatty acids and added sugars. This emphasizes the importance of policymakers in improving infant and young children feeding practices.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mateusz Jankiewicz, Linde van Lee, Mirthe Biesheuvel, Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma, Lucie van der Zee, Hania Szajewska
Summary: A systematic evaluation of goat-milk-based infant formulas (GMFs) compared to cow-milk-based formulas (CMFs) found no significant differences in infant growth and safety parameters. Although there were some concerns and biases in the included studies, the results provide reassurance that GMFs are similarly safe and well tolerated as CMFs for infants.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shuo Wang, Haichao Deng, Yihong Wang, Wushuang Rui, Pengyu Zhao, Qiyao Yong, Du Guo, Jie Liu, Xinyi Guo, Yutang Wang, Chao Shi
Summary: Thymoquinone (TQ) demonstrated effective antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus by inhibiting its growth and germination, as well as disrupting the cell metabolism and protein synthesis through mechanisms such as reducing intracellular ATP concentration. Additionally, TQ downregulated the transcription of genes related to virulence factors in B. cereus, highlighting its potential as a natural antimicrobial preservative in controlling food contamination and foodborne diseases.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara J. Westmark
Summary: The study found associations between the use of soy-based infant formula and worsened autistic behaviors in females and males with fragile X syndrome. It suggests the need for prospective evaluation of soy-based infant formula on disease comorbidities in fragile X syndrome, and supports further investigation into early gastrointestinal problems in the syndrome. The findings also indicate that premutation fragile X mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed, based on data from the Fragile X Syndrome Nutrition Study.
Article
Immunology
Lewis John Rubin Thompson, Myriam Grubo, Martin Veller, Robyn Hayes Badenhorst, Joshua Nott, Luc Debruyne, Tariro Makadzange, Stavros Nicolaou, Lawrence Stanberry, Amadou Sall, Wilmot Godfrey James
Summary: Africa is expected to see a three-fold increase in vaccine demand by 2040, however, the continent lacks domestic capabilities for vaccine production. This lack of production capacity, heavy reliance on foreign aid, disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and fluctuating vaccine market dynamics pose challenges to increasing vaccination rates in Africa. To meet the growing vaccine demand and provide novel vaccines in the future, Africa needs to develop a sustainable vaccine manufacturing infrastructure. The African Union, in collaboration with the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, has set a goal for Africa to produce 60% of its vaccine needs by 2040.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Dobrzynska, Slawomira Drzymala-Czyz, Karol Jakubowski, Szymon Kurek, Jaroslaw Walkowiak, Juliusz Przyslawski
Summary: This study investigated the concentration of copper and zinc in 103 infant formulae available in the Polish market, and evaluated their intake and ratio. Most of the formulae had micronutrient content in good agreement with manufacturer's declaration, but 6.7% did not meet the recommended intake of copper, especially for special medical purposes. Additionally, the daily intake of copper and zinc varied among the formulae, suggesting the need for monitoring and reconsidering the copper content in infant formulae.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Luca Amagliani, Jonathan O'Regan, Alan L. Kelly, James A. O'Mahony
Summary: The study investigated the influence of different low molecular weight surfactants on the stability of model infant formula emulsions based on rice protein hydrolyzate, showing that CITREM and DATEM improved the stability of the emulsions.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Tetsuhiro Sakihara, Kenta Otsuji, Yohei Arakaki, Kazuya Hamada, Teruaki Matsui, Shiro Sugiura, Komei Ito
Summary: Regular soy formula intake between 1 and 2 months of age in infants avoiding cow's milk formula is significantly associated with a reduced risk of food sensitization in infancy.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Rivera-Pasquel, Mario Flores-Aldana, Maria-Socorro Parra-Cabrera, Amado David Quezada-Sanchez, Armando Garcia-Guerra, Jorge Maldonado-Hernandez
Summary: The study showed significant improvement in lipid profile among children who consumed PUFAs-fortified milk formula, with no significant differences in growth and micronutrient status between the two groups. Consumption of both supplements was adequate and stable throughout the intervention.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nina Sillner, Alesia Walker, Marianna Lucio, Tanja V. Maier, Monika Bazanella, Michael Rychlik, Dirk Haller, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
Summary: The early-life metabolome of the intestinal tract is strongly influenced by colonization of gut microbiota, which is in turn affected by nutrition, such as breast milk or formula. The fecal metabolites of breastfed and formula-fed infants show distinct differences, with breastfed infants having higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids and human milk oligosaccharides. The metabolite profiles of infants converge at the end of the first year coinciding with the introduction of solid foods.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Qianqian Xing, Xiaofei Fu, Zhenmin Liu, Qing Cao, Chunping You
Summary: Potential furfural compounds were detected in dairy products using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography, with significant differences in content observed under different storage conditions. Regression equations were derived to predict furfural content in dairy products stored under specific conditions.
INTERNATIONAL DAIRY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hui Zhao, Kaiyu Chen, Zhen Liu, Yuxin Zhang, Tian Shao, Hongliang Zhang
Summary: China formulated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) in 2013 to improve air quality. After its implementation, there was a significant decrease in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO concentrations, while NO2 remained unchanged and O-3 concentration increased. Despite the decrease in PM2.5, over 65% of the population was still exposed to levels higher than the standard, indicating the need for continued efforts in air pollution control.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hugo A. Laviada-Molina, Fernanda Molina-Segui, Luis Mendez-Trujeque, Juan C. Avila-Lopez, Mariana Delgadillo-Diaz, Jorge A. Rangel-Mendez
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of low- and very low-protein infant formulas compared to standard formulas on the risk of overweight and obesity between 4 and 72 months of age. The results indicate that early exposure to low- and very low-protein formulas is not associated with a higher risk of later overweight and obesity. These formulas provide a safe and effective option for infants who cannot breastfeed. Further research on reducing protein content below 1.8 g/100 kcal is warranted.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joanne L. Clarke, Jenny Ingram, Debbie Johnson, Gill Thomson, Heather Trickey, Stephan U. Dombrowski, Alice Sitch, Fiona Dykes, Max Feltham, Christine MacArthur, Tracy Roberts, Pat Hoddinott, Kate Jolly
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2020)
Review
Nursing
Michaela Michel-Schuldt, Alison McFadden, Mary Renfrew, Caroline Homer
Review
Nursing
Alison McFadden, Sunanda Gupta, Joyce L. Marshall, Shona Shinwell, Bharati Sharma, Fran McConville, Steve MacGillivray
BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Byrom, Gill Thomson, Mark Dooris, Fiona Dykes
Summary: The study investigated the influence of the UNICEF UK Baby Friendly Initiative standards on a typical maternity service in England, highlighting the informational, practical, and emotional support provided by BFI. Effective local leadership and team collaboration were found to strengthen the support for positive infant feeding care and experiences to thrive within the busy hospital maternity setting. Balance between relational and rational approaches in infant feeding policy, practice, and leadership is recommended for optimal outcomes.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Mary J. Renfrew, Gwendolen Bradshaw, Alicia Burnett, Anna Byrom, Francesca Entwistle, Kay King, Wendy Olayiwola, Grace Thomas
Summary: The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly transformed the context of healthcare and healthcare education, prompting the identification of strategies through case studies, health system analysis, and collaboration. Effective responses to such profound shocks require courage, evidence-based approaches, and collaborative efforts across various sectors.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alison McFadden, Bronagh Fitzpatrick, Shona Shinwell, Karen Tosh, Peter Donnan, Louise M. Wallace, Emily Johnson, Steve MacGillivray, Anna Gavine, Albert Farre, Helen Mactier
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of cue-based feeding and scheduled feeding on preterm infants, exploring various methods of feeding preterm infants and developing intervention measures. The research was conducted in three neonatal units in the UK, involving preterm infants, parents, and healthcare practitioners. A evidence-informed multicomponent intervention was proposed in the study.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Louise Hunt, Gill Thomson, Karen Whittaker, Fiona Dykes
Summary: Non-profit breastfeeding organizations in the UK practice breastfeeding peer support in socio-economically deprived areas through community-level change, individual one-to-one support, and partnerships with health professionals. These practices aim to influence community and individual level changes, underscoring the importance of interprofessional collaboration. Further efforts to strengthen the peer-professional interface for needs-led care are necessary.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alison McFadden, Sally Kendall, Tamsyn Eida
Summary: Despite strong policy support in Scotland, UK, there are still challenges in promoting and supporting breastfeeding due to low rates and inequalities. The implementation of the BBF process has identified strengths and areas for improvement, and has provided recommendations to address policy and practice gaps.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Gavine, Joyce Marshall, Phyll Buchanan, Joan Cameron, Agnes Leger, Sam Ross, Amal Murad, Alison McFadden
Summary: Remote provision of breastfeeding support can effectively reduce the risk of stopping exclusive breastfeeding at 3 months, but may not have a significant impact on improving exclusive breastfeeding at 4-8 weeks and 6 months. Some improvements were seen when studies at high risk of bias were excluded.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Hilary I. Allen, Ursula Pendower, Miriam Santer, Marion Groetch, Mitchell Cohen, Simon H. Murch, Hywel C. Williams, Daniel Munblit, Yitzhak Katz, Neeraj Gupta, Sabeen Adil, Justine Baines, Eefje G. P. M. de Bont, Matthew Ridd, Victoria L. Sibson, Alison McFadden, Jennifer J. Koplin, Josephine Munene, Michael R. Perkin, Scott H. Sicherer, Robert J. Boyle
Summary: This study investigates the issue of overdiagnosis of milk allergy and provides recommendations from non-conflicted experts to reduce overdiagnosis and support children with suspected milk allergy. The new recommendations suggest stricter diagnostic criteria, more support for breastfeeding, and less use of specialized formula.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rafael Perez-Escamilla, Fiona C. Dykes, Sally Kendall
Summary: This article presents the experience of implementing the Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly (BBF) toolbox in England, Scotland, and Wales, showcasing its versatility and adaptability. England trained and assisted Scotland and Wales with the implementation and oversight of BBF. The positive experience in Great Britain aligns with findings from other countries, highlighting BBF's ability to improve breastfeeding policies and create supportive environments.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rowena Merritt, Sally Kendall, Tamsyn Eida, Fiona Dykes, Rafael Perez-Escamilla
Summary: Breastfeeding is an accessible and cost-effective preventive measure for protecting children's health, but the UK has low breastfeeding rates. The Becoming Breastfeeding Friendly (BBF) toolkit, developed by Yale University, offers evidence-based recommendations for increasing breastfeeding rates. The implementation of BBF in England revealed the need for improved data collection and reporting, as well as a dedicated national strategy and better coordination and sharing of localised strategies and programs.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Thierry Claudien Uhawenimana, Nicola M. M. Gray, Heather Whitford, Alison McFadden
Summary: Two questionnaires were designed to study the organizational and management factors, as well as the individual staff factors affecting male partners' attendance at childbirth. After three rounds of expert evaluation, 43 items and 61 items were retained for the questionnaires. These questionnaires help understand the barriers to male partners' attendance at childbirth in low- and middle-income countries and develop action plans to increase feasibility and maximize women's choices during labor and childbirth.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zahra Khan, Zoe Vowles, Cristina Fernandez Turienzo, Zenab Barry, Lia Brigante, Soo Downe, Abigail Easter, Seeromanie Harding, Alison McFadden, Elsa Montgomery, Lesley Page, Hannah Rayment-Jones, Mary Renfrew, Sergio A. A. Silverio, Helen Spiby, Nazmy Villarroel-Williams, Jane Sandall
Summary: The study aims to identify and evaluate the evidence for targeted health and social care service interventions in high-income countries that can improve health inequalities among disadvantaged populations. The findings suggest that various intervention types, such as midwifery models of care, interdisciplinary care, and community-centered services, have positive associations with both primary and secondary outcomes, although the significance and impact vary. Multi-interventional approaches, combining midwifery models of care with community-centered approaches, may enhance the effectiveness of targeted interventions for at-risk populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Theresa Bengough, Shoba Dawson, Hui-Lin Cheng, Alison McFadden, Anna Gavine, Rebecca Rees, Emma Sacks, Karin Hannes
Summary: Breastfeeding is a crucial part of early childhood interventions and requires support strategies that meet women's expectations and needs, taking into account socio-cultural backgrounds and personal circumstances.
MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION
(2022)
