Article
Neurosciences
Katherine L. Bottenhorn, Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez, Kathryn L. Mills, Angela R. Laird, Megan M. Herting
Summary: As we delve into population-level developmental neuroscience, it is crucial to comprehend the variability within and between individuals in brain maturation and the origins of neurodevelopmental heterogeneity. Although large-scale, longitudinal neuroimaging studies have brought to light group-level neurodevelopmental trajectories, we still have limited knowledge regarding intra-and inter-individual differences. In this study, we aimed to quantify both forms of variability across various aspects of neurodevelopment during early adolescence in the ABCD Study and examine inter-individual variability based on age, sex, and puberty. Our findings offer novel insights into the differences in annualized percent change in macrostructure, microstructure, and functional brain development between the ages of 9 and 13. These results highlight that moderate age-related intra-individual changes exist, while age-related differences in inter-individual variability are only present in specific measures of cortical macro-and microstructure development. Furthermore, we observed greater inter-individual variability in brain development among mid-pubertal individuals, except for certain aspects of white matter development that demonstrated increased variability among prepubertal individuals in certain tracts. Additionally, although both sexes contribute to inter-individual differences in macrostructure and functional development in some brain regions, our findings do not strongly support the hypothesis of greater male-than-female variability. This work sheds light on pockets of individual variability in early adolescent brain development, while also highlighting regional differences in heterogeneity to facilitate future investigations on quantifying and probing nuances in normative development and deviations from it.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Madison K. Memmott-Elison, Kristin L. Moilanen
Summary: This study found that cognitive self-regulation has a small influence on later emotional self-regulation among adolescents, highlighting the importance of further research into the development of multidimensional self-regulation in adolescents.
JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sharona L. Rab, Roee Admon
Summary: This study investigates the heterogeneity in the impact of stress exposure on human functionality and overall health, focusing on the nervous system's mechanisms of stress responsivity and the potential factors influencing the variability of these mechanisms.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dassine Azouaoui, Michael Rene Choiniere, Momtafin Khan, Shahab Sayfi, Simran Jaffer, Selvia Yousef, David A. Patten, Alexander E. Green, Keir J. Menzies
Summary: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD(+)) plays a crucial role in energy metabolism and signaling pathways. A meta-analysis of existing data on NAD(P)(H) quantification in mammalian tissues revealed significant inter- and intra-method variability in physiological concentrations across mice, rats, and humans. This highlights the need for standardization of NAD(P)(H) quantification methods and pre-analytical procedures for future preclinical and clinical studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Danny Awty-Carroll, Elena Magenau, Mohamad Al Hassan, Enrico Martani, Mislav Kontek, Philip van Der Pluijm, Chris Ashman, Emmanuel de Maupeou, Jon McCalmont, Gert-Jan Petrie, Chris Davey, Kasper van Der Cruijsen, Vanja Jurisic, Stefano Amaducci, Isabelle Lamy, Anita Shepherd, Jason Kam, Annick Hoogendam, Michele Croci, Oene Dolstra, Andrea Ferrarini, Iris Lewandowski, Luisa M. Trindade, Andreas Kiesel, John Clifton-Brown
Summary: Miscanthus, a C4 perennial rhizomatous grass from Asia, is a leading candidate for sustainable biomass supply. European breeding programmes have produced new seeded hybrids to increase scalability. Field trials across Europe were conducted using different hybrids, and the establishment, yields, and moisture contents varied depending on location and hybrid. Sin x sin hybrids showed better adaptation to northern Europe, while sac x sin hybrids showed better adaptation to southern Europe. Long-term observations are needed to explore the biological and economic costs and benefits of different hybrid systems.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sida Jiang, Wenfeng Zhan, Pan Dong, Chenguang Wang, Jiufeng Li, Shiqi Miao, Lu Jiang, Huilin Du, Chunli Wang
Summary: This study investigated the temperature differences within and between local climate zones (LCZ) across different timescales and climates in nine Chinese megacities. The findings reveal certain patterns of surface temperature differences in LCZs at different timescales and climates.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Christine A. Leonards, Ben J. Harrison, Alec J. Jamieson, Trevor Steward, Silke Lux, Alexandra Philipsen, Christopher G. Davey
Summary: The brain's default mode network (DMN) is suppressed during external goal-directed cognitive tasks. However, the DMN is not a monolithic network but consists of subsystems with functional heterogeneity. This study found a distinct suppression subnetwork in multiple cognitive tasks, which includes traditional DMN and adjacent regions. The magnitude of suppression in these regions is significantly correlated across tasks within individuals.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jing Fang, James A. Lutz, Herman H. Shugart, Xiaodong Yan, Wenqiang Xie, Feng Liu
Summary: This study revised an individual-tree-based carbon model by incorporating leaf growth dynamics and non-structural carbohydrates, leading to improved predictions of forest gross primary productivity compared to the original model. The research emphasizes the importance of considering growth processes and effective data sources when developing carbon cycle models and forest carbon sequestration predictions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Emilie C. Baker, Audrey E. San, Kubra Z. Cilkiz, Brittni P. Littlejohn, Rodolfo C. Cardoso, Noushin Ghaffari, Charles R. Long, Penny K. Riggs, Ronald D. Randel, Thomas H. Welsh Jr, David G. Riley
Summary: This study aimed to quantify the inter-individual variation in DNA methylation patterns of Brahman females and explore the effect of prenatal stress on such variability. The results showed significant variation in DNA methylation patterns between different groups and tissues, indicating the tissue-specific role of DNA methylation in gene expression. The interaction between prenatal environment and genetic factors may contribute to the differences in the location of variable DNA methylation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hongju (Daisy) Chen, Bin Yi, Qiang Liu, Xia Xu, Lin Dai, Zhanshan (Sam) Ma
Summary: The study utilized DAR analysis to uncover the diversity scaling along the digestive tract and inter-individual heterogeneities of the human gut microbiome. Most digestive tract sites have different potential diversities, and individual microbiomes primarily differ in the composition of bacterial species.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hadi Nobari, Maryam Fani, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Jorge Perez-Gomez, Luca Paolo Ardigo
Summary: This study reveals the fluctuations of well-being ratings among young elite soccer players throughout a season, showing variations in fatigue, stress, muscle soreness, sleep quality, and Hooper questionnaire. The findings highlight important changes in well-being between different phases of the season, weeks, and match days, with particular emphasis on the beneficial effects of two days post-match on players' well-being.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Benjamin Planterose Jimenez, Fan Liu, Amke Caliebe, Diego Montiel Gonzalez, Jordana T. Bell, Manfred Kayser, Athina Vidaki
Summary: By analyzing whole blood methylation microarray data from healthy adolescent monozygotic twins, researchers identified 333 CpG sites that exhibit large methylation variation between monozygotic co-twins and unrelated individuals. These sites are stable in the short term but show susceptibility to aging in the long term. A significant portion of these CpGs were also found in adipose tissue, indicating a possible universal epigenetic fingerprinting that could be used in forensic applications to discriminate between monozygotic twins.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhihui Wang, Philip A. Townsend, Eric L. Kruger
Summary: This study analyzed leaf trait measurements from 32 sites along the US National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON). It found that the relationships between leaf economic traits and traits indicative of defense and stress tolerance varied greatly among species, and became strong within certain species. Additionally, the study found weak prediction of trait variation across species based on elevation, mean annual temperature, and precipitation, suggesting that foliar functional traits exhibit idiosyncratic variation.
Article
Business
Mehdi Nejati, Muhammad Ibrahim Shah
Summary: This research evaluates the economic, environmental, and energy intensity implications of ICT products trade between developing and developed countries. The study found that increasing ICT imports leads to higher carbon emissions and energy intensity. Intra-regional trade has a positive scale effect, while inter-regional trade results in a reduction in ICT and GDP production in the importing region. The study recommends promoting trade of environment-friendly and clean energy ICT products between these regions.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Arianna N. Tamvacakis, Joshua L. Lillvis, Akira Sakurai, Paul S. Katz
Summary: Gastropod mollusks have individually identifiable neurons that can be used for long-term intracellular recordings and distinguish variation within an individual from variability between individuals. Investigations into the circuitry underlying swimming movements have revealed variability in synaptic connectivity and neuromodulation. This work emphasizes the importance of neuron identification, assessing the state of the animal and network, and tracking behavior and physiology over time.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinyuan Zhang, Adewale S. Adebayo, Dongmeng Wang, Yasrab Raza, Max Tomlinson, Hannah Dooley, Ruth C. E. Bowyer, Kerrin S. Small, Claire J. Steves, Tim D. Spector, Emma L. Duncan, Alessia Visconti, Mario Falchi
Summary: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used drugs in the UK. The use of PPIs has been linked to decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fracture risk, but the findings have been inconsistent. This study explored the potential mechanisms behind PPI's impact on BMD and found that it may affect total hip BMD through both direct and indirect pathways, possibly involving metabolites related to the sex hormone pathway.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mireia Valles-Colomer, Aitor Blanco-Miguez, Paolo Manghi, Francesco Asnicar, Leonard Dubois, Davide Golzato, Federica Pinto, Fabio Cumbo, Kun D. Huang, Serena Manara, Giulia Masetti, Federica Pinto, Elisa Piperni, Michal Puncochar, Liviana Ricci, Moreno Zolfo, Olivia Farrant, Adriana Goncalves, Marta Selma-Royo, Ana G. Binetti, Jimmy E. Becerra, Bei Han, John Lusingu, John Amuasi, Loredana Amoroso, Alessia Visconti, Claire M. Steves, Mario Falchi, Michele Filosi, Adrian Tett, Anna Last, Qian Xu, Nan Qin, Huanlong Qin, Juergen May, Daniel Eibach, Maria Valeria Corrias, Mirco Ponzoni, Edoardo Pasolli, Tim D. Spector, Enrico Domenici, Maria Carmen Collado, Nicola Segata
Summary: The human microbiome is an essential part of the human body and plays a role in various health conditions. However, we still have limited understanding of the genetic differences in the microbiome between individuals and how it spreads within and across populations.
Article
Oncology
Alessia Visconti, Niccolo Rossi, Helena Deris, Karla A. Lee, Maja Hanic, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Andrew M. Thomas, Laura A. Bolte, Johannes R. Bjork, Jahlisa S. Hooiveld-Noeken, Ruth Board, Mark Harland, Julia Newton-Bishop, Mark Harries, Joseph J. Sacco, Paul Lorigan, Heather M. Shaw, Elisabeth G. E. de Vries, Rudolf S. N. Fehrmann, Rinse K. Weersma, Tim D. Spector, Paul Nathan, Geke A. P. Hospers, Peter Sasieni, Veronique Bataille, Gordan Lauc, Mario Falchi
Summary: This study identifies novel glyco-markers of response and survival in melanoma patients receiving ICIs, demonstrating the potential for stratification of patients and the design of adjunct therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Gelemanovic, Tatjana Catipovic Ardalic, Ajka Pribisalic, Caroline Hayward, Ivana Kolcic, Ozren Polasek
Summary: Infectious diseases remain a threat to global human health, and host genetic factors play a role in determining susceptibility, severity, and outcome. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 4624 subjects was conducted, identifying 29 infection-related genetic associations, primarily rare variants. Notably, genes with known roles in the immune response were detected, suggesting that understanding rare variants could aid in predicting an individual's susceptibility to infectious diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Francesco Guardalupi, Carlo Sorrentino, Giulia Corradi, Raffaella Giancola, Stefano Baldoni, Francesca Ulbar, Bianca Fabi, Rosa Andres Ejarque, Jessica Timms, Francesco Restuccia, Stella Santarone, Patrizia Accorsi, Paolo Sportoletti, Filomena De Falco, Emanuela Rosati, Alessandra Carotti, Franca Falzetti, Andrea Velardi, Massimo Fabrizio Martelli, Shahram Kordasti, Antonio Pierini, Loredana Ruggeri, Mauro Di Ianni
Article
Zoology
Ozren Polasek
Summary: The genus Polistes in Somalia is comprised of four confirmed species, three belonging to the subgenus Polistes s. str. (P. badius, P. africanus, and P. marginalis) and one belonging to the subgenus Polistella (P. fastidiosus). There could potentially be more species present in the region based on their distribution in neighboring countries. The scarcity of available specimens presents a taxonomic challenge and there is a lack of sufficient taxonomical information, with the last revision of this genus in Africa published in 1938.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashley Budu-Aggrey, Anna Kilanowski, Maria K. Sobczyk, Suyash S. Shringarpure, Ruth Mitchell, Kadri Reis, Anu Reigo, Reedik Maegi, Mari Nelis, Nao Tanaka, Ben M. Brumpton, Laurent F. Thomas, Pol Sole-Navais, Christopher Flatley, Antonio Espuela-Ortiz, Esther Herrera-Luis, Jesus V. T. Lominchar, Jette Bork-Jensen, Ingo Marenholz, Aleix Arnau-Soler, Ayoung Jeong, Katherine A. Fawcett, Hansjorg Baurecht, Elke Rodriguez, Alexessander Couto Alves, Ashish Kumar, Patrick M. Sleiman, Xiao Chang, Carolina Medina-Gomez, Chen Hu, Cheng-jian Xu, Cancan Qi, Sarah El-Heis, Philip Titcombe, Elie Antoun, Joao Fadista, Carol A. Wang, Elisabeth Thiering, Baojun Wu, Sara Kress, Dilini M. Kothalawala, Latha Kadalayil, Jiasong Duan, Hongmei Zhang, Sabelo Hadebe, Thomas Hoffmann, Eric Jorgenson, Helene Choquet, Neil Risch, Pal Njolstad, Ole A. Andreassen, Stefan Johansson, Catarina Almqvist, Tong Gong, Vilhelmina Ullemar, Robert Karlsson, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Agnieszka Szwajda, Esteban G. Burchard, Jacob P. Thyssen, Torben Hansen, Line L. Karhus, Thomas M. Dantoft, Alexander C. S. N. Jeanrenaud, Ahla Ghauri, Andreas Arnold, Georg Homuth, Susanne Lau, Markus M. Noethen, Norbert Huebner, Medea Imboden, Alessia Visconti, Mario Falchi, Veronique Bataille, Pirro Hysi, Natalia Ballardini, Dorret I. Boomsma, Jouke J. Hottenga, Martina Mueller-Nurasyid, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Jakob Stokholm, Bo Chawes, Ann-Marie M. Schoos, Ana Esplugues, Mariona Bustamante, Benjamin Raby, Syed Arshad, Chris German, Tonu Esko, Lili A. Milani, Andres Metspalu, Chikashi Terao, Katrina Abuabara, Mari Loset, Kristian Hveem, Bo Jacobsson, Maria Pino-Yanes, David P. Strachan, Niels Grarup, Allan Linneberg, Young-Ae Lee, Nicole Probst-Hensch, Stephan Weidinger, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Erik Melen, Hakon Hakonarson, Alan D. Irvine, Deborah Jarvis, Tamar Nijsten, Liesbeth Duijts, Judith M. Vonk, Gerard H. Koppelmann, Keith M. Godfrey, Sheila J. Barton, Bjarke Feenstra, Craig E. Pennell, Peter D. Sly, Patrick G. Holt, L. Keoki Williams, Hans Bisgaard, Klaus Bonnelykke, John Curtin, Angela Simpson, Clare Murray, Tamara Schikowski, Supinda Bunyavanich, Scott T. Weiss, John W. Holloway, Josine L. Min, Sara J. Brown, Marie Standl, Lavinia Paternoster
Summary: This study conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on atopic dermatitis (AD) to date, identifying 81 replicated AD-associated loci in Europeans and 10 additional loci in a multi-ancestry analysis. The implicated genes are predominantly involved in immune pathways relevant to atopic inflammation and may offer drug repurposing opportunities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana Gunjaca, Benjamin Benzon, Nikolina Pleic, Mirjana Babic Leko, Valdi Pesutic Pisac, Ana Baric, Dean Kalicanin, Ante Punda, Ozren Polasek, Katarina Vukojevic, Tatijana Zemunik
Summary: This study found that ST6GAL1 is highly expressed in thyroid cancer tissues and its overexpression is significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, and reduced survival rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)