Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Naveed Ahmed, Haishen Lu, Shakeel Ahmed, Ghulam Nabi, Muhammad Abdul Wajid, Aamir Shakoor, Hafiz Umar Farid
Summary: The study used the WEAP model to examine the Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) in Pakistan, finding that current water resources are insufficient to meet crop water demands, especially in the Lower Jhelum Canal (LJC) command area. Climate change negatively impacts the reliability of canal water resources, highlighting the urgent need for improved canal water management.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. W. Siyal, P. W. Gerbens-Leenes, S. Nonhebel
Summary: This study compares the energy and carbon footprints of irrigation water provided by gravity-fed irrigation networks and groundwater pumping systems. Groundwater, while only contributing 6% to total irrigation water supply in the lower Indus basin, dominates energy use and CO2 emissions. Shifting from groundwater pumping to properly maintaining gravity-fed canal systems can decrease energy use and CO2 emissions, while increasing surface water availability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Muzammil, Azlan Zahid, Umar Farooq, Naeem Saddique, Lutz Breuer
Summary: Pakistan's agriculture is facing water security challenges due to insecure water supply and poor governance. The increasing food demand and vulnerability to climate change pose future threats to water sustainability. This study evaluates the current and future water demands and management strategies for the Punjab and Sindh provinces in Pakistan, considering two climate change scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5). The results show that future water consumption increases significantly under both scenarios, but can be restrained by adapting alternative cropping patterns and implementing improved irrigation technologies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mobin-ud-Din Ahmad, Jorge L. Pena-Arancibia, Yingying Yu, Joel P. Stewart, Geoff M. Podger, John M. Kirby
Summary: Pakistan heavily depends on the water resources of the Upper Indus basin for agriculture, facing challenges of unsustainable water use and climate change. Solutions are needed to address these issues for water and food security.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xinchun Cao, Jianfeng Xiao, Mengyang Wu, Wen Zeng, Xuan Huang
Summary: Improving water use efficiency in agriculture is crucial for regional food security and ecological sustainability. This study developed water productivity and water efficiency indices for corn cultivation in China and examined the spatial-temporal patterns and determinants of water productivity and water efficiency. Results showed that both indices increased over time and exhibited spatial differences, with agricultural production technology improvements and crop spatial arrangement optimization playing vital roles in enhancing water use efficiency.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ansir Ilyas, Simon Parkinson, Adriano Vinca, Edward Byers, Talha Manzoor, Keywan Riahi, Barbara Willaarts, Afreen Siddiqi, Abubakr Muhammad
Summary: The Indus River Basin in South Asia is water-stressed, and while smart technologies can reduce irrigation water use, they come with high costs and unintended consequences. However, balancing investments between smart technologies and hydropower projects can lower costs and conserve water resources.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jianshu Dong, Zhu Xue, Xiaojun Shen, Ruochen Yi, Junwei Chen, Qiang Li, Xianfei Hou, Haocui Miao
Summary: The study found that combining an irrigation water quota of 37.5 mm with a nitrogen application rate of 110 kg center dot ha-1 can lead to higher yield and water use efficiency in drip-irrigated peanuts in Xinjiang.
Article
Agronomy
J. Alvar-Beltran, A. Heureux, R. Soldan, R. Manzanas, B. Khan, A. Dalla Marta
Summary: Pakistan is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, especially in the agricultural areas of the Indus River Basin. This study assesses the effects of climate change scenarios on soil evaporation, crop productivity, and yields of wheat and sugarcane. Results show that wheat yields are projected to remain stable while sugarcane yields will decrease in Sindh and increase in Punjab before declining after 2080. Both crops perform better under low frequent irrigation and higher water volumes.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jiali Xing, Wenjiao Shi, Xiangzheng Deng, Changhe Lu, Lijun Zuo, Shaoqiang Wang, Minglei Wang, Xiaoqing Wang, Bojie Yan
Summary: Maximizing resource use efficiency is a key strategy for developing an environment-friendly agricultural system. This study proposes a comprehensive assessment framework to estimate resource use efficiency and its environmental impacts in a rice-production system. The study compares the results with both domestic and global excellent levels and provides insights for improvement in resource use efficiency and environmental impacts mitigation.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Development Studies
Muhammad Zafar Khan, Haider Abbas, Abda Khalid
Summary: The study revealed a medium-high level of vulnerability of irrigation systems at selected sites in the Upper Indus Basin, highlighting the need for appropriate adaptation measures to reduce vulnerability, particularly by enhancing institutional resilience.
CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abrar Hashmi, Aamer Iqbal Bhatti, Saira Ahmed, Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq, Andre Savitsky
Summary: Water is vital for all living creatures, while electrical energy is crucial for societal growth. The optimal use of water and production of electrical energy are research challenges. Hydraulic energy is a widely used renewable energy resource and aligns with the UN SDG 7. This study proposes a modified model that addresses both agriculture and power generation, and it has been implemented in case studies.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yiding Wang, Yaning Chen, Weili Duan, Li Jiao
Summary: This study assesses the sustainability of water use in food production in the Tarim River Basin by analyzing the water footprint and using the DPSIR model. The results show an increase in the water footprint over the study period. Although the level of sustainable water use has improved, the overall sustainability score is low.
Article
Agronomy
Mark Drew, Lin Crase
Summary: Pakistan's reliance on the Indus River Basin for water security is threatened by various factors, and the National Water Policy of 2018 aims to address these challenges. However, the policy's focus on improving water efficiency and replacing flood irrigation with high efficiency systems has raised debates on its effectiveness and potential negative impacts on water security. The study reveals the origins of the policy and the prevalent paradigm in the water bureaucracy, highlighting the need for further research and caution in implementing the strategy without proper regulatory framework.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amy Syvrud, Huw Pohlner, Jehangir F. Punthakey, Melita Grant, Trudy Green
Summary: Despite increased awareness of solutions to water scarcity challenges, decision-makers still face obstacles in effective implementation of water planning and management. Cities like Lahore and Karachi in Pakistan are experiencing significant costs due to water scarcity, with Australian water experts collaborating with Pakistani partners to diagnose challenges and identify priority actions for improved water security.
Article
Ecology
Shan Zhang, Qian Tan, Hang Zhao, Tong Zhang, Tianyuan Zhang, Kejia Hu
Summary: Improving water use efficiency is important for mitigating water scarcity and pollution. A water-footprint-based interval fuzzy robust fractional programming model was developed to address the challenges of improving water use efficiency. The model was applied to a case study in China and showed positive results in terms of water consumption and crop pattern adjustments.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
A. W. Siyal, P. W. Gerbens-Leenes, S. Nonhebel
Summary: This study compares the energy and carbon footprints of irrigation water provided by gravity-fed irrigation networks and groundwater pumping systems. Groundwater, while only contributing 6% to total irrigation water supply in the lower Indus basin, dominates energy use and CO2 emissions. Shifting from groundwater pumping to properly maintaining gravity-fed canal systems can decrease energy use and CO2 emissions, while increasing surface water availability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Abdul Wahab Siyal, P. Winnie Gerbens-Leenes
Summary: Asia faces a significant water scarcity issue, especially in countries relying on irrigation. This research focuses on the water-energy-food nexus in irrigated agriculture, using Pakistan as a case study. It evaluates the water consumption, energy usage, and carbon footprints associated with irrigation water supply for major crops. The study identifies hotspots and drivers affecting water consumption and energy usage.
FRONTIERS IN WATER
(2022)