Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zihao Teng, Xiaokun Yi, Chenhang Zhang, Chi He, Yulong Yang, Qinglan Hao, Baojuan Dou, Feng Bin
Summary: CO self-sustaining catalytic combustion is a potential means to efficiently convert off-gases from steelmaking. Designing model catalysts is crucial for understanding the reaction process and optimizing catalysts, with Cu2O exposing (1 0 0), (1 1 1), and (1 1 0) planes being excellent materials. In this study, morphological CeO2/Cu2O inverse model catalysts were synthesized to investigate the synergistic effect and reaction mechanism. The results showed that the ignition temperature is lowered on the interface due to the synergistic effect, while the combustion after ignition is controlled by Cu2O planes providing lattice oxygen for CO reaction. Additionally, the exposure of different planes plays a significant role in the reaction process, with O-termination on (1 0 0) inhibiting the interaction, Cu-termination on (1 1 0) surface structure, and coordinately unsaturated Cu+ on open (1 1 1) surface contributing to superior catalytic performance.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zheng Gao, Xiangxin Han, Honglei Mao, Jianguo Liu, Xiumin Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the combustion behavior and NOx emissions of coal slime in a fluidized bed boiler. The characteristics of coal slime and its ash were explored using various analytical techniques. The challenges of burnout and fluidization were addressed, and the impact of heavy metal migration and alkaline substances on coal slime combustion was examined.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Changwon Yang, Jaeyong Jeong, Youngdoo Kim, Byeongryeol Bang, Uendo Lee
Summary: The hydrodynamics of a circulating fluidized bed combustor were studied through experiments and simulations, evaluating the performance of two empirical models. The exponential functions model showed better accuracy in predicting the decay of solids volume fraction and core-annulus flow structure.
Article
Thermodynamics
Son Ich Ngo, Young-Il Lim, Doyeon Lee, Myung Won Seo, Sungwon Kim
Summary: This study investigated the hydrodynamics, reaction kinetics, and heat transfer of a bench-scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor for CO2 methanation. The study successfully identified the effects of hydrodynamics and reaction kinetics on heat transfer coefficient in the reactor.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sungkwon Jo, Donghyun Cho, Kwan-Tae Kim
Summary: The characteristics of methane combustion were investigated in a fluidized bed reactor with inert SiO2 particles. Combustion can be achieved at high temperatures without ignition, but ignition is necessary at lower temperatures. Lowering the combustion temperature reduces NOx emissions but increases CO concentration in exhaust gases.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sofiane Benyahia
Summary: This study compares the results of two commonly used computational fluid dynamics methods for simulating fluidized beds with smooth type-A monodisperse particles. The results show that in some cases, the discrete particle method can yield faster and more accurate results compared to the continuum assumption method. However, for more complex cases involving particles with statical properties, the discrete particle method is a better choice for fluidized bed simulations.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiangxin Han, Zheng Gao, Honglei Mao, Jianguo Liu, Xiumin Jiang
Summary: This study verified the self-sustained combustion performance of coal slime in a 12t/h fluidized bed boiler and analyzed the properties of the ash released from the boiler. High combustion efficiency of about 99% and low gaseous pollutants emissions can be achieved by adjusting the structure of the fluidized bed boiler and humidification pretreatment of coal slime. A co-generation system was proposed to effectively utilize the extra thermal energy generated by the boiler.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Salma Benzarti, Hatem Mhiri, Herve Bournot
Summary: In this study, the effect of ring baffle configuration on fluidization system hydrodynamics was investigated using a multifluid Eulerian CFD model and the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow. It was found that the incorporation of ring baffles improved system mixing and reduced wall backflow, with limited impact of baffle shape on system hydrodynamics.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pilaiwan Chaiwang, Hannarong Chitcharoenyoo, Pornpote Piumsomboon, Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan
Summary: This study investigated the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (3D-CFD) of a pulsating flow applied to the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) reaction in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed reactor. By considering the operating parameters of pulsating flow, it was found that frequency and type of the waveform significantly affect the reactant conversion level and product yield percentages.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mustafa Metin Cam, Hakan Serhad Soyhan, Mansour Al Qubeissi, Cenk Celik
Summary: The design of energy efficient engineering systems is crucial for sustainable operation. This study focuses on optimizing the bell-type primary air nozzle used in CFB boilers through CFD simulations. By changing the nozzle geometry, pressure drop can be decreased and flow uniformity can be improved, resulting in energy savings and improved boiler operation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuesong Yang, Shuai Wang, Siyu Liu, Yurong He
Summary: This study numerically evaluated the erosion characteristic of membrane tubes using a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian approach in a membrane-assisted fluidized bed reactor. The erosion rate of Pd-based membrane and its influence on gas-solid hydrodynamics and hydrogen separation were integrated. Results showed that membrane tube erosion is influenced by the arrangement of tube locations and non-uniform hydrogen concentration, with the maximum wear occurring at normal angle for Pd-based membrane.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yury Dubinin, Nikolay A. Yazykov, Sergei Reshetnikov, Vadim A. Yakovlev
Summary: This study focuses on the combustion of sulfur oils in a fluidized bed of catalyst, aiming to reduce SO2 emissions by using a non-isothermal temperature profile and CaCO3 or CaO for absorbing sulfur oxides. The technology allows for conducting the process at 400-700 degrees C, significantly reducing toxic compound concentrations, and maintaining high oxidation degrees of oils.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sung Jin Park, Seong Hye Son, Jin Woo Kook, Ho Won Ra, Sang Jun Yoon, Tae-Young Mun, Ji Hong Moon, Sung Min Yoon, Jae Ho Kim, Yong Ku Kim, Jae Goo Lee, Do-Yong Lee, Myung Won Seo
Summary: Converting rice husk into energy through gasification is a promising method for generating renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Research has shown that under specific gasification conditions, tar in the produced gas can be efficiently removed and used to drive gas engines.
Article
Thermodynamics
J. Manu, Vasudeva Madav
Summary: With the global energy scenario and rising crude oil prices, there is a growing interest in alternative energy sources. In this study, biomass gasification using steam and CO2 mixture is investigated to enhance energy production efficiency, optimize syngas quality by controlling temperature and steam to biomass ratio.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Min Cai, Zhou Tian, Zhen Liu, Boping Liu
Summary: This study explores the influence of macro operating conditions on the distribution of temperature field and chain microstructures in a gas phase ethylene polymerization fluidized bed reactor (FBR) using a combination of polymerization kinetics and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that the average molecular weight decreases with increasing reaction temperature and the molecular weight distribution becomes wider due to the temperature gradient. Increasing hydrogen concentration leads to smaller average molecular weight and narrower molecular weight distribution. On the other hand, increasing ethylene concentration results in an increase in average molecular weight, polydispersity distribution index (PDI), and temperature. Furthermore, increasing gas velocity improves heat transfer in the FBR but leads to a very wide molecular weight distribution when the gas velocity exceeds the optimum fluidizing velocity.
Article
Thermodynamics
Running Kang, Pandong Ma, Junyao He, Huixin Li, Feng Bin, Xiaolin Wei, Baojuan Dou, Kwun Nam Hui, Kwan San Hui
Summary: This study investigates the activity-controlling factors during CO catalytic ignition over a CuO-CeO2 catalyst. The results show that CuO has higher activity for CO combustion compared to CuO-CeO2, with temperature and oxygen playing key roles in the process. Various characterization techniques are used to understand the adsorption and reaction mechanisms of CO on the surface, as well as the reaction process post-ignition.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shaohua Wu, Shiliang Yang, Kun Lin Tay, Wenming Yang, Ming Jia
Summary: A new and efficient hybrid sectional moment projection method is developed, which combines the techniques of moment projection method and sectional method. The method shows robustness and accuracy in handling particle population dynamics and performs better than other sectional methods in the treatment of particle fragmentation process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Running Kang, Junqin Huang, Feng Bin, Zihao Teng, Xiaolin Wei, Baojuan Dou, Saravanan Kasipandi
Summary: This study compares the evolution behavior and reaction mechanisms of copper catalysts in catalytic combustion and chemical looping combustion. The results show that catalytic combustion has higher activity and stability compared to chemical looping combustion. Different active oxygen species and reaction pathways were proposed, and the contribution degrees of Mars-van-Krevelen and Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanisms were determined.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhixuan Zhang, Mingda Wang, Zhengjie Wu, Xu Chen, Haoxing Li, Shaohua Wu
Summary: This study presents a new numerical approach for handling detailed soot models in engine combustion simulations. The approach uses an advanced bi-variate moment projection method to accurately predict the emissions of soot particles. It is a promising framework for the analysis and prediction of soot particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jing Li, Yifei Liang, Wenming Yang, Shaohua Wu
Summary: This study compares compression ignition engines fueled by two C8 biofuels, OCT and DnBE, in terms of combustion characteristics and emissions formation. The results show that the DnBE fueled engine exhibits a shorter ignition delay, longer combustion duration, and produces more NO emissions compared to the OCT fueled engine. On the other hand, the OCT fueled engine produces fewer particle number and mass, but higher CO emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhixuan Zhang, Xu Han, Mingda Wang, Zhengjie Wu, Xiang Sun, Shaohua Wu
Summary: A new and robust numerical approach, called the hybrid sectional moment projection method, is proposed for solving the population balance equations in laminar premixed flames. This approach combines the fixed sectional method and moment projection method, and adopts a number of quadrature nodes within each section to describe complex particle interactions. Testing and simulation results show that the new approach outperforms the conventional fixed sectional method in terms of numerical accuracy and computational efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Running Kang, Zirui Zhang, Feng Bin, Xiaolin Wei, Yongdan Li, Guoxing Chen, Xin Tu
Summary: The effects of catalyst support on the CO catalytic ignition performance and reaction pathways were investigated, and it was found that TiO2 or ZSM-5 supports promote copper dispersion and the oxidation process mainly occurs at the phase interface. The Cu and Ce interactions lead to the formation of solid solutions, which enhance the activity of individual copper sites and favor the ignition of CO at low temperatures. The Cu2+ species are reduced to form dicarbonyls, which also take part in the oxidation process.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ying Li, Dongdong Chen, Xin Xu, Xinyu Wang, Running Kang, Mingli Fu, Yanbing Guo, Peirong Chen, Yongdan Li, Daiqi Ye
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in passive NOx adsorbers (PNA) based on palladium-exchanged zeolites for efficient reduction of harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from low-temperature diesel exhausts during cold-start conditions. The review discusses the choice of parent zeolite, Pd precursor, and synthetic method for Pd-zeolite synthesis, as well as the effect of hydrothermal aging on Pd-zeolite properties and PNA performance. Mechanistic insights into Pd active sites, NOx storage/release chemistry, and interactions with exhaust components/poisons are gained through the integration of experimental and theoretical methodologies. Novel designs of PNA integration into exhaust after-treatment systems are also presented, along with discussions on major challenges and implications for further development and real-world application of Pd-zeolite-based PNA in cold-start NOx mitigation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xue Dong, Huiquan Duan, Ming Jia, Shaohua Wu, Yachao Chang
Summary: This study developed a practical soot model to describe the soot behaviors of diesel surrogate and oxygenated fuels. The fuel molecular structures were used to emphasize their influence on soot behaviors. The soot particle dynamics were described by directly solving the moment transport equations. The model successfully predicted the soot fraction and density for various fuels without parameter tuning.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jing Li, Yifei Liang, Shuo Wang, Shaohua Wu, Wenming Yang, Rui Liu
Summary: In this study, the blending of n-octanol with biodiesel was investigated to improve combustion characteristics and reduce emissions in a diesel engine. The simulations showed that blending more n-octanol could lead to a longer ignition delay, lower NOx emissions, higher power output, and decrease in soot emissions. B20/O80 blends were found to achieve more efficient and cleaner combustion in the diesel engine.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xu Han, Ming Jia, Yachao Chang, Yaopeng Li, Shaohua Wu
Summary: Predictive models based on graph neural network (GNN) have gained increasing attention in quantitative structure-property relation (QSPR) modeling of organic species, including biofuel components. This study applies the Directed Message Passing Neural Network (D-MPNN) framework, incorporating graph attention, to improve property prediction of biofuel-relevant species. The advantage of D-MPNN over other machine learning methods is confirmed. Graph Edge Attention (GEA) is proposed to enhance model accuracy. The study analyzes a subset of the QM9 data and 4 other datasets, emphasizing the need for more representative data with better species distribution for biofuel property modeling.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cheng Liu, Running Kang, Feng Bin, Xiaolin Wei, Kwun Nam Hui, Saravanan Kasipandi, Kwan San Hui
Summary: The elucidation of selective catalytic reduction mechanisms over metal-promoted zeolites is important for removing nitric oxides. In this study, copper/ZSM-5 showed the highest catalytic activity, while nickel/ZSM-5 exhibited weaker activity, with low-temperature peak induced by nickel clusters dispersed on the ZSM-5 surface. The results demonstrate the relationship between zeolite structure and catalyst properties for improving selective catalytic reduction.
CARBON RESOURCES CONVERSION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Junyao He, Running Kang, Xiaolin Wei, Junqin Huang, Feng Bin, Kwun Nam Hui, Kwan San Hui, Dongyin Wu
Summary: The study found that CuCe0.75Zr0.25Oy and FeCe0.75Zr0.25Oy have higher CO-SCR activity, with T-90 values of 200°C and 223°C respectively, while MnCe0.75Zr0.25Oy shows lower activity (T-90=375°C). CuCe0.75Zr0.25Oy exhibits high lattice oxygen mobility and is more likely to react with NO and CO in the reaction.
CARBON RESOURCES CONVERSION
(2021)