Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joanna L. Rifkin, Felix E. G. Beaudry, Zoe Humphries, Baharul Choudhury, Spencer C. H. Barrett, Stephen Wright
Summary: The study suggests that low recombination rates may precede the formation of sex-linked regions, with large regions of recombination suppression found across all chromosomes. Additionally, gene and repetitive sequence density are correlated with recombination rates, with the variation patterns differing by repetitive element type.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Liu, Liying Wang, Yanan Li, Mengmeng Guo, Jun Hu, Teng Wang, Mengjing Li, Zhuo Yang, Ruoyao Lin, Wei Xu, Yinghong Chen, Mengcheng Luo, Fei Gao, Jia-Yu Chen, Qianwen Sun, Hongbin Liu, Bo Sun, Wei Li
Summary: Research has found that RNase H1 plays a vital role in meiotic recombination by degrading RNA within DNA-RNA hybrids, facilitating DNA repair and recombination. This discovery reveals the function of RNase H1 in meiosis and has significant implications for understanding germ cell development and male infertility.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Haibo Yang, Emily M. Lachtara, Xiaojuan Ran, Jessica Hopkins, Parasvi S. Patel, Xueping Zhu, Yao Xiao, Laiyee Phoon, Boya Gao, Lee Zou, Michael S. Lawrence, Li Lan
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of RNA m5C modification in R-loops in regulating DNA damage repair pathways, promoting TC-HR and suppressing Alt-NHEJ. Simultaneous disruption of TC-HR and Alt-NHEJ exhibits synergistic cytotoxic effects on cancer cells, suggesting a potential strategy for cancer therapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Audrey Dauba, Ahmed Amine Khamlichi
Summary: CSR is a crucial mechanism in adaptive immune responses, triggered by both T-cell-dependent and T-cell-independent antigens. Transcription of switch sequences and regulation within dynamic chromatin domains play key roles in controlling CSR.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yijang Xu, Hang Zhou, Ginell Post, Hong Zan, Paolo Casali
Summary: The study demonstrates that Rad52 mediates IgD CSR through a microhomology-based DNA repair pathway, leading to the expression of IgD in B cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jana Koers, Casper Marsman, Juulke Steuten, Simon Tol, Ninotska I. L. Derksen, Anja ten Brinke, S. Marieke van Ham, Theo Rispens
Summary: In this study, the researchers used optimized in vitro culture conditions and in-depth assessment of B cell characteristics and signaling pathways to investigate the role of oxygen in regulating human naive B cell differentiation and class switch recombination. They found that normoxia promotes differentiation into functional antibody secreting cells, while a unique population of CD27(++) B cells is generated under hypoxia. Additionally, time-dependent transitions between hypoxic and normoxic oxygen levels during culture can direct different trajectories of human B cell differentiation and IgG class switch recombination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sonia Jimeno, Fernando R. Balestra, Pablo Huertas
Summary: Fine-tuning the choice of DNA double-strand break repair pathways relies on different regulatory layers responding to environmental cues, with RNA modifications emerging as a promising field within this complex process.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jinghua Lu, Matthew Spencer, Zhongcheng Zou, Maria Traver, Joseph Brzostowski, Peter D. Sun
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanism of Fc gamma R and IgG antibody binding is crucial for therapeutic antibody engineering. This study reveals that the FG loop-Fc interaction and the pH-sensing function of the D2 domain are critical for high affinity binding. The findings provide insights into antigen delivery, emphasize the importance of Fc glycan in high affinity antibody binding, and have implications for future antibody engineering.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eric J. Wigton, K. Mark Ansel
Summary: B cells are a main branch of the adaptive immune system, producing high-affinity antibodies through somatic DNA mutations like CSR and SHM. Transcription and non-coding RNAs play pivotal roles in B cell activation and effector function.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Natalia Gomez-Escobar, Ahad A. A. Alsaiari, Hanadi A. S. Alahamadi, Othman Alzahrani, Ellen Vernon, Hussam A. E. Althagafi, Nasser S. Almobadel, David W. Pryce, Jane A. Wakeman, Ramsay J. McFarlane
Summary: Translin is a conserved nucleic acid binding protein that plays important roles in mammalian biology and genetic diseases. It forms a complex with Trax, and together they are involved in various functions, including RNA interference and degradation of precursor microRNAs in cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jennifer Zagelbaum, Allana Schooley, Junfei Zhao, Benjamin R. Schrank, Elsa Callen, Shan Zha, Max E. Gottesman, Andre Nussenzweig, Raul Rabadan, Job Dekker, Jean Gautier
Summary: Research shows that nuclear actin movements are involved in clustering DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) for homology-directed repair. This study explores the three-dimensional reorganization of the genome after DNA damage and examines the role of the nuclear WASP-ARP2/3-actin pathway in chromatin topology changes during pathological repair. The results indicate that DNA damage induces genome-wide chromatin compartment flips mediated by ARP2/3, leading to enrichment of open, A compartments. Additionally, DSB interactions promote aberrant actin-dependent rearrangements within and between chromosomes. This work demonstrates that nuclear actin assembly orchestrates DSB clustering for repair while also impacting genome architecture and translocation frequency.
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zheng Sun, Hanli Liu, Hongye Huang, Dexian Tang, Dingxin Xu, Tohru Kaneko, Zheng Li, Jian Pang, Rui Wu, Wei Deng, Atsushi Shirane, Kenichi Okada
Summary: This article presents a small-area Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) transceiver designed for short-range Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications, with high receiver sensitivity, power efficiency, and harmonic distortion suppression. The transceiver meets BLE radio specifications without external filters, enabling the use of minimum size and long-lasting modules.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
John A. Smolka, Lionel A. Sanz, Stella R. Hartono, Frederic Chedin
Summary: The S9.6 antibody is commonly used for detecting RNA:DNA hybrids but also has significant affinity for double-stranded RNA. Despite recognizing RNA:DNA hybrids, S9.6 staining in fixed human cells primarily comes from ribosomal RNA and is insensitive to RNase H1 but sensitive to RNase T1. Genome-wide maps obtained by DNA sequencing after S9.6-mediated DNA:RNA immunoprecipitation are RNase H1 sensitive and RNase T1 insensitive, highlighting the importance of pretreatments and controls to reduce artifacts in S9.6 imaging.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Di Liu, Myron F. Goodman, Phuong Pham, Kefei Yu, Chih-Lin Hsieh, Michael R. Lieber
Summary: Activation-induced deaminase (AID) deaminates cytosine within single-stranded DNA. This study found that AID deamination on duplex DNA substrates is reduced when RNase A is added during transcription. The researchers also discovered that AID acts with similar efficiency on RNA-DNA fusion substrates and DNA-only substrates. Based on these findings, they proposed a model in which the mRNA tail plays a critical role in AID loading and collision with DNA strands.
Review
Cell Biology
Sha Luo, Ruolin Qiao, Xuefei Zhang
Summary: The diversification of antibodies in adaptive immunity relies on the proper repair of DNA damage and double-strand breaks, which are initiated by recombination and cytidine deaminase. Understanding the mechanism of DNA damage repair is crucial for promoting antibody diversification.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Allergy
Bahaa K. A. Abdel-Salam, Nagiba I. A. Shoker, Ahmed M. R. Mohamad
ALLERGOLOGIA ET IMMUNOPATHOLOGIA
(2016)
Article
Immunology
Mohamed A. Soltan, Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Mahmoud Amer, Ahmed M. Refaat, Alaa A. Bagalagel, Reem M. Diri, Sarah Albogami, Eman Fayad, Refaat A. Eid, Sherin M. A. Sharaf, Sameh S. Elhady, Khaled M. Darwish, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
Summary: In this study, a potential vaccine against Marburg virus was designed using a computational approach. The vaccine was based on the analysis of antigenicity and virulence of the virus proteins and evaluated for its properties through computational assessments. The results suggest that the designed vaccine has the potential to provide a solution against Marburg virus, but further experimental validation is required.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mohammed Y. Behairy, Mohamed A. Soltan, Mohamed S. Adam, Ahmed M. Refaat, Ehab M. Ezz, Sarah Albogami, Eman Fayad, Fayez Althobaiti, Ahmed M. Gouda, Ashraf E. Sileem, Mahmoud A. Elfaky, Khaled M. Darwish, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
Summary: This study identified 17 deleterious mutations in the NRAS gene by analyzing missense SNPs. These mutations decreased the stability of NRAS and affected its functional domains. Additionally, most mutations showed stronger binding affinity to GTP, indicating a higher tendency for malignancy.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)