Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rong Xu, Jing Zhang, Jianwei Li, Rui Liu, Maofei Ni, Guangneng Zeng
Summary: Biological degradation plays a significant role in the turnover of aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM). The specific biological pathways involved in DOM degradation, however, remain unclear. In this study, the changes in DOM during a 28-day incubation in a karst river were analyzed using fluorescent excitation-emission matrix (EEM) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and peak picking. Different components of DOM were identified, and the results indicated that biogenic DOM was preferentially consumed during the incubation. The study also demonstrated the usefulness of fluorescence measurement in deciphering riverine DOM biodegradation.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Anna-Kaisa Viitanen, Kimmo Kallonen, Kirsi Kukko, Tomi Kanerva, Erkka Saukko, Tareq Hussein, Kaarle Hameri, Arto Saamanen
Summary: The study revealed that general ventilation is not sufficient to control nanoparticles emitted from desktop 3D printers, while specific engineering control measures such as retrofitted enclosure can significantly reduce the emissions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yupeng Feng, Yuzhong Li, Xiaoyu Zhang, Shiqian Su, Zhuping Zhang, Zongwei Gan, Yong Dong
Summary: Current emissions of Condensable particulate matter (CPM) from coal-fired stationary sources far exceed filterable particulate matter, attracting widespread attention. CPM is mainly in the form of droplets or spheres, with detected heavy metal elements such as Hg, As, Se, and Sb.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunfei Zhai, Xiaowei Liu, Aoyang Zhang, Minghou Xu
Summary: This study explores the formation characteristics of condensable particulate matter (CPM) and analyzes the differences in CPM generated from different fuels. The results show that the CPM concentrations generated by the combustion of sewage sludge are the highest, while those generated by pine combustion are the lowest. The differences in fuel composition and properties also influence the formation of CPM.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lisa Miyashita, Gary Foley, Ian Gill, Gavin Gillmore, Jonathan Grigg, David Wertheim
Summary: The study reveals that diesel particulate matter can appear as aggregates of spherule particles with smooth surfaces or with sharp jagged edges. These new findings may explain how air pollution particulate matter can infiltrate human airway cells and lead to various diseases.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaoyan Han, Shu Fang, Rui Sheng, Yi Wang, Jinhua Zhou, Jiong Wang
Summary: The study compared pre- and post-operative dosimetry in patients undergoing I-125 seed implantation using PLA template puncture route planning versus traditional CT-guided implantation. Results showed that the experimental group had similar D90 values before and after surgery, while the traditional group had significantly different values. The experimental group also had better V90 values compared to the traditional group.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Runcheng Fang, Afzaal Nadeem Mohammed, Jagjit Singh Yadav, Jun Wang
Summary: This study investigated the cytotoxicity of ultrafine particles emitted from a desktop 3D printer using three different filaments. The results showed that ABS filament had the most significant particle emission and caution should be exercised when operating multiple printers and filament combinations in poorly ventilated spaces.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Chen, Matthew Quick, Jay S. Kaufman, Chen Chen, Jeffrey C. Kwong, Aaron van Donkelaar, Jun Meng, Randall V. Martin, JinHee Kim, Eric Lavigne, Li Bai, Yi Li, Michael Tjepkema, Tarik Benmarhnia, Richard T. Burnett
Summary: Reducing anthropogenic contributions to PM2.5 could lead to significant health benefits, even in a country like Canada where PM2.5 levels are already low. A 10% annual reduction in PM2.5 contributions from transportation and power generation sources could prevent a substantial number of deaths per million by 2016.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Komal Raje, Keisuke Ohashi, Satoshi Fujita
Summary: A new method using 3D printing and electrospinning was developed to create intricate 3D microfibrous structures with high elasticity and adaptability. This method has the potential for applications in regenerative medicine for crafting artificial organs and cell culture scaffolds.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yukiko Nagaishi, Daiki Murata, Hiromu Yoshizato, Toshihiro Nonaka, Manabu Itoh, Hideo Hara, Koichi Nakayama
Summary: The morbidity and mortality rates associated with atherosclerosis-related diseases are increasing. Developing new research models is important for understanding atherosclerosis and exploring novel treatments. In this study, vascular-like tubular tissues composed of human-derived cells were designed using a bio-3D printer, and their potential as a research model for Monckeberg's medial calcific sclerosis was evaluated.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Korinde A. Van den Heuvel, Alberto Berardi, Lisa B. Buijvoets, Bastiaan H. J. Dickhoff
Summary: The study found that tablets with targeted mechanical and dissolution characteristics could be successfully printed using both research and development (R & D) and good manufacturing practice (GMP) printing equipment. However, the transfer from R & D to GMP printer required adjustment of the print settings, resulting in slightly different product properties.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yu Li, Zhiwu Tan, Youjian Zhu, Wennan Zhang, Zhenyi Du, Jingai Shao, Long Jiang, Haiping Yang, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of NH4H2PO4 additive on the properties of biomass fuel and particulate matter emissions during combustion. The results show that NH4H2PO4 addition can enhance the removal of O and retention of C, reduce the absolute content of Cl and S in the torrefied fuel, and significantly change the occurrence of alkali and alkaline earth metals. Furthermore, the emissions of PM1 from the torrefied fuels are effectively reduced with the addition of NH4H2PO4.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wei Yang, Youjian Zhu, Yu Li, Wei Cheng, Wennan Zhang, Haiping Yang, Zhiwu Tan, Hanping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of co-combustion of rice husk with cotton stalk or cornstalk on PM emissions. The experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction in PM1 yields during the co-combustion process. The synergistic effect of physical dilution and chemical reactions between alkali metals and Si-containing species in the ash contributes to the inhibition of fine particulate matter generation. The Si/(Ca+Mg) ratio in the ash chemistry, especially for rice husk/cornstalk, plays a crucial role in the degree of PM reduction.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huanhuan Tong, Yangjun Wang, Shikang Tao, Ling Huang, Sen Jiang, Jinting Bian, Nan Chen, Manomaiphiboon Kasemsan, Haiyan Yin, Cheng Huang, Hui Chen, Kun Zhang, Li Li
Summary: The emission and environmental impact of condensable particulate matter (CPM) from coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) in China has been a concern due to the uncertain source profile and emission inventory. This study summarized the latest measurements of CPM species emitted from CFPPs and developed a source profile containing 10 inorganic and 71 organic species. Additionally, an emission inventory for CFPPs in Yantai was developed based on activity data and continuous emission monitoring system. The study provides valuable data for assessing the air quality and health impacts of CPM and serves as a methodology for developing CPM emission inventories in other regions.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Matthew C. Nixon, Nikku Madhusudhan
Summary: This article introduces a new three-dimensional atmospheric retrieval framework for studying exoplanet transmission spectra, especially using JWST observation data. The framework can simulate spectra under different atmospheric structures and estimate the day-night temperature variation and chemical abundances. It also has the capability to include inhomogeneous chemistry and variable clouds/hazes, providing a more detailed multidimensional study of exoplanet atmospheres.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Brie Hawley Blackley, Kristin J. Cummings, Marcia Stanton, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Jenna L. Gibbs, Ji Young Park, R. Reid Harvey, M. Abbas Virji
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Reid Harvey, Ethan D. Fechter-Leggett, Rachel L. Bailey, Nicole T. Edwards, Kathleen B. Fedan, M. Abbas Virji, Randall J. Nett, Jean M. Cox-Ganser, Kristin J. Cummings
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Abbas Virji, Laura Kurth
Summary: Peak exposures can overwhelm normal defense mechanisms and induce adverse health effects. The definition and use of peak metrics in epidemiologic and exposure studies lack consensus. Characteristics of peak exposure depend on exposure patterns, biokinetics, and disease mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Eleanor E. Wade, Robert B. Lawrence, Elizabeth D. Arnold, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: The study compared particle transfer and adherence to various substrates with bare human skin, revealing potential under- and over-sampling issues by these substrates. Recommendations were made to use substrates that better reflect human skin characteristics for more accurate exposure assessment.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. E. Lindberg, M. M. Quinn, R. J. Gore, C. J. Galligan, S. R. Sama, N. N. Sheikh, P. K. Markkanen, A. Parker-Vega, N. D. Karlsson, R. F. LeBouf, M. A. Virji
Summary: This study evaluated the airborne concentrations and time profiles of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and chlorine generated during typical bathroom cleaning by home care aides using conventional and green products. Quats-based product generated higher TVOC concentrations compared to bleach-based or green products. Each product rapidly increased TVOC concentrations within the first few minutes of application, with spraying producing the highest exposures. Thirteen aides experienced peak chlorine exposures above the OSHA PEL ceiling limit when using the bleach-based product.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
James Crooks, Margaret M. Mroz, Michael VanDyke, Alison McGrath, Christine Schuler, Erin C. McCanlies, M. Abbas Virji, Kenneth D. Rosenman, Milton Rossman, Carol Rice, Dimitri Monos, Tasha E. Fingerlin, Lisa A. Maier
Summary: The presence of E69 allele is associated with higher risk for CBD and BeS, while increasing exposure decreases the odds of BeS. CBD cases did not show a strong association with exposure, possibly due to limitations in exposure estimates.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kathleen R. Attfield, Marley Zalay, Leonard M. Zwack, Eric K. Glassford, Ryan F. LeBouf, Barbara L. Materna
Summary: This study investigated the exposure of vape shop workers in the San Francisco Bay Area and found that certain flavoring chemicals in e-liquids may be harmful to the respiratory system. It also revealed that the shops lack health and safety programs for their employees. Additionally, a wide range of other chemicals were detected in the air samples of the shops. Recommendations were provided to improve ventilation, hygiene, and the use of personal protective equipment, as well as to avoid using products containing harmful flavoring chemicals. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term health risks among workers in the vape shop retail industry.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
(2022)
News Item
Oncology
F. Belpoggi, R. C. Cattley, B. Reisfeld, P. Stewart, M. C. Turner, M. Audebert, J. Cox, C. Ge, P. Gustavsson, H. Kaefferlein, L. Lash, A. Lumen, M. Matsumoto, M. T. Munoz-Quezada, C. Peters, M. Purdue, C. Svendsen, A. Virji, M. G. Yakubovskaya, J. Yiin
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Gabe Cottrell, Ergin Erdem, Alycia K. Knepp, Stephen B. Martin, Jack Pretty, Matthew G. Duling, Elizabeth D. Arnold, Zachary Wilson, Benjamin Krider, Alyson R. Fortner, Ryan F. LeBouf, M. Abbas Virji, Arif Sirinterlikci
Summary: Fused filament fabrication three-dimensional (FFF 3-D) printing is considered environmentally sustainable, but there may be risks of pollutant releases during plastic recycling. By assessing the released contaminants, it helps demonstrate the sustainability and circular economy potential of FFF 3-D printing in distributed spaces.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Abbas Virji, Kristin J. Cummings, Jean M. Cox-Ganser
Summary: Coffee production is a global industry with workers exposed to complex mixtures of gases, dusts, and vapors, which may lead to respiratory health issues. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health conducted investigations on respiratory abnormalities in 17 coffee facilities in the US, studying exposure characteristics, hazard relationships, and exposure mitigation opportunities.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anand Ranpara, Ryan F. LeBouf, Timothy R. Nurkiewicz, Jinghai Yi, Jared L. Cumpston, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak
Summary: The measurement of fine and ultrafine titanium dioxide particles is dependent on the instrument used. There are differences in measurements between toxicological and field investigations due to variations in instruments used, operating parameters, or particle-size measurement ranges. Without appropriate comparison, instrument measurements create a disconnect between toxicological and field investigations.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lisa Kobos, Kim Anderson, Laura Kurth, Xiaoming Liang, Caroline P. P. Groth, Lucy England, A. Scott Laney, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: This study investigated the use of cleaning and disinfecting products among healthcare facility staff, finding that many occupations reported high glove use. The occupations with high product use frequencies, such as bleach and quaternary ammonium compounds, had higher rates of skin disorders.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lauren N. Bowers, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Alycia K. Knepp, Ryan F. LeBouf, Stephen B. Jr Jr Martin, Anand C. Ranpara, Dru A. Burns, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: Vat photopolymerization (VP) can emit potentially hazardous particles and gases, impacting indoor air quality. Different tasks and technologies lead to varying concentrations of particles and organic compounds. Careful consideration of tasks is necessary to minimize indoor air pollution and exposure potential.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Stephen B. Martin, Duane R. Hammond, Jason E. Ham, J. R. Wells, Alyson R. Fortner, Alycia K. Knepp, Sonette du Preez, Jack R. Pretty, Jennifer L. Roberts, Johan L. du Plessis, Austin Schmidt, Matthew G. Duling, Andrew Bader, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: Extrusion of high-melt-temperature polymers on large-format additive manufacturing machines can release particles and gases, some of which may have negative implications for human health, therefore further exposure and risk assessments are necessary. The study found that harmful substances like BPA and BPS could be spread through the air and contaminate work surfaces during the extrusion process.
ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren N. Bowers, Stephen B. Martin, Duane R. Hammond, Jason E. Ham, J. R. Wells, Alyson R. Fortner, Alycia K. Knepp, Sonette du Preez, Jack R. Pretty, Jennifer L. Roberts, Johan L. du Plessis, Austin Schmidt, Matthew G. Duling, Andrew Bader, M. Abbas Virji
Summary: The study showed that extrusion of ABS, PC, and other high-melt-temperature polymers by LFAM machines released significant levels of particulate and volatile organic compounds, warranting consideration of engineering controls.
ACS CHEMICAL HEALTH & SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Vitoria Takemura Mariano, Luana Paganotto Leandro, Karen Kich Gomes, Ana Beatriz dos Santos, Vitor Oliveira de Rosso, Alcir Luiz Dafre, Marcelo Farina, Thais Posser, Jeferson Luis Franco
Summary: This study evaluated the toxicity of copper at environmentally relevant concentrations on zebrafish larvae and found adverse effects on morphology, biochemistry, and behavior. Therefore, the permissible copper concentrations in Brazil need to be reevaluated.
JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
(2024)