Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
I Vinograd, S. P. Edwards, Z. Wang, T. Kissikov, J. K. Byland, J. R. Badger, V Taufour, N. J. Curro
Summary: In this study, Se-77 NMR data in normal and superconducting states of a FeSe single crystal are reported for various field orientations, showing the emergence of spin-singlet pairing and enhanced electronic inhomogeneity in the superconducting state. Despite spin polarization, there is no evidence of antiferromagnetic fluctuations.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Menashe Haim, Alex Levchenko, Maxim Khodas
Summary: This article presents a unified picture of the magnetic in-plane anisotropies of two-dimensional superconductors based on transition metal dichalcogenides. The form of the conductivity tensor and the periodic variation of the critical field are discussed, along with the effect of tensor perturbation on superconducting properties.
Article
Immunology
Maximilian Webendoerfer, Linda Reinhard, Rolf A. K. Stahl, Thorsten Wiech, Hans-Willi Mittruecker, Sigrid Harendza, Elion Hoxha
Summary: This study found that rituximab can induce remission of proteinuria in patients with MCD even if circulating B cells are absent. CD20(+) T cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of MCD and might be a promising treatment target in patients with MCD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
E. J. Grzesik, T. N. Hollingsworth, R. W. Ruess, M. R. Turetsky
Summary: Recent intensification of fires in boreal Alaska has led to shifts in forest succession from black spruce-dominated to deciduous-dominated pathways, largely due to deeper burning of the soil organic layer. Fuel load quantity and quality, as well as within-population plant trait variation, play key roles in determining vulnerability and resilience of black spruce forests to a changing fire regime.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tao Yu, Dante M. Kennes, Angel Rubio, Michael A. Sentef
Summary: Recent measurements of resistivity in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene near the superconducting transition temperature exhibit twofold anisotropy when changing the direction of an in-plane magnetic field. This was interpreted as evidence for exotic nematic superconductivity. However, experimental findings suggest that in-plane magnetic field can hybridize chiral superconducting order parameters to induce nematicity in the transport response.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Dylan T. Lott, Tenzin Yeshi, N. Norchung, Sonam Dolma, Nyima Tsering, Ngawang Jinpa, Tenzin Woser, Kunsang Dorjee, Tenzin Desel, Dan Fitch, Anna J. Finley, Robin Goldman, Ana Maria Ortiz Bernal, Rachele Ragazzi, Karthik Aroor, John Koger, Andy Francis, David M. Perlman, Joseph Wielgosz, David R. W. Bachhuber, Tsewang Tamdin, Tsetan Dorji Sadutshang, John D. Dunne, Antoine Lutz, Richard J. Davidson
Summary: Recent EEG studies suggest the persistence of electrophysiological coherence and connectivity in the brains of animals and humans postmortem, encouraging further investigation into the relationship between brain activity and the dying process. Researchers conducted a study on postmortem meditative states of Tibetan Buddhist practitioners in India, suggesting a delay in decomposition. EEG data from both living subjects and postmortem cases were collected to explore the feasibility of capturing ERP waveforms in challenging conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Z. H. Jang
Summary: Metal nanoparticles are an interesting research topic due to their unique physical and chemical properties that are different from bulk metals. Experimental results show that the surface of silver nanoparticles does not exhibit metallic behavior at low temperatures.
JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luis J. Gilarranz, Anita Narwani, Daniel Odermatt, Rosi Siber, Vasilis Dakos
Summary: Lakes are important indicators of global change, and understanding their stability and dynamics is crucial for studying ecosystem changes. In this study, we conducted a global assessment of regime shifts and stability in lakes, finding that some lakes exhibit tipping points and instability, which are influenced by population density and economic development.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Ecology
L. Hebbelmann, T. G. O'Connor, J. C. O. du Toit
Summary: This study investigated the impact of fire on the vegetation in Nama-Karoo and found that fire significantly altered the composition and structure of shrub communities. The replacement of non-sprouting species by sprouting species was observed, especially for dwarf shrubs. This could pose a major threat to the vegetation, ecosystem, and economy of the region.
JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Andrew C. Gallup, Anja B. Schild, Markus A. Uehlein, Thomas Bugnyar, Jorg J. M. Massen
Summary: This study found no evidence for contagious yawning among juvenile common ravens. However, considering the limitations of observational methods, further experimental research should be conducted to support these findings.
Article
Ecology
Romana Limberger, Uriah Daugaard, Anubhav Gupta, Rainer M. Krug, Kimberley D. Lemmen, Sofia J. van Moorsel, Marcel Suleiman, Debra Zuppinger-Dingley, Owen L. Petchey
Summary: Biodiversity may increase ecosystem resilience, but its effect on ecosystems that undergo abrupt shifts to alternative states in response to gradual environmental change is poorly understood. Using a mathematical model of anoxic-oxic regime shifts, we explored how trait diversity in three bacterial groups influences resilience. Our findings show that trait diversity does not always enhance resilience, as it increases resilience in two groups but decreases it in one group. Simultaneous trait diversity in multiple groups often weakens or eliminates diversity effects. Our results suggest that higher diversity can enhance resilience but can also lead to collapse if negatively influencing functional groups are present, highlighting the importance of managing diversity for ecosystem recovery.
Article
Spectroscopy
Matthew Graves, Michael S. Elioff, Erica S. Knorr, John B. Griffith, Jingqiu Hu
Summary: The conformational change of PMAA at different pH levels is utilized in this study to develop a turn-on sensor for Hg2+ ions. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity, linear response, and good recovery in real water samples.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine L. Webb, Joanne Ryan, Rory Wolfe, Robyn L. Woods, Raj C. Shah, Anne M. Murray, Suzanne G. Orchard, Elsdon Storey
Summary: This study developed a comprehensive set of reliability and minimal detectable change values based on cognitive test data from older individuals in Australia and the U.S. The results showed good test-retest reliability for the four cognitive tests used. These findings are important for interpreting cognitive scores and decline.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Mylene Robitaille, Michelle Garneau, Simon van Bellen, Nicole K. Sanderson
Summary: Peatlands in the north-central region of Quebec, Canada, display characteristics of patterned peatlands, which recorded hydrological disequilibrium during the Neoglacial cooling period. Data shows that these peatlands initially formed around 6500 years ago, with a general increase in surface wetness during the Neoglacial cooling until the end of the Little Ice Age. A synchronous ecosystem state shift from oligotrophic to more ombrotrophic conditions was registered at the beginning of the 20th century in both study sites.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Tingting Dan, Zhuobin Huang, Hongmin Cai, Guorong Wu
Summary: Exploring functional dynamics, especially in terms of the topology of functional networks, is becoming increasingly important in the field of neuroscience. However, accurately identifying specific brain cognitive states over time is still challenging. In this paper, a state recognition network (SRNet) guided by the detection of transitions in dynamic functional connectivities on a Riemannian manifold is proposed. By treating the temporal evolution of functional brain networks as a set of landmarks on a Riemannian manifold and using a feature distillation network to capture low-dimensional functional connectivity signatures, the authors successfully address the challenges of functional dynamic recognition.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BIOMEDICAL IMAGING (IEEE ISBI 2022)
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aki Kitaori, Naoya Kanazawa, Takanori Kida, Yasuo Narumi, Masayuki Hagiwara, Koichi Kindo, Tetsuya Takeuchi, Ai Nakamura, Dai Aoki, Yoshinori Haga, Yoshio Kaneko, Yoshinori Tokura, Yoshichika O. Nuki
Summary: We have successfully grown single crystalline Tb5Sb3 with a hexagonal structure, which exhibits complex spiral magnetic structures with changing temperature. Specific heat and magnetization measurements revealed one clear magnetic transition at 133 K. The magnetic structure is oriented in the hexagonal basal plane with a hard axis corresponding to the [0001] direction. Below 50 K, the magnetic structure undergoes a transformation, leading to a rapid decrease in magnetic susceptibility for H II [1010] and a kink behavior in low-field magnetization, while showing hysteresis in the magnetization curve.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hiroki Fujibayashi, Katsuki Kinjo, Genki Nakamine, Shunsaku Kitagawa, Kenji Ishida, Yo Tokunaga, Hironori Sakai, Shinsaku Kambe, Ai Nakamura, Yusei Shimizu, Yoshiya Homma, Dexin Li, Fuminori Honda, Dai Aoki
Summary: In this study, the static and dynamic magnetic properties of the uranium-based superconductor UTe2 were investigated using NMR measurements. The results showed that magnetic fluctuations in different crystalline axes of UTe2 are derived from the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1. The magnetic fluctuations become anisotropic below 40 K and are determined by the dominant ferromagnetic fluctuations in the two-leg ladder formed by U atoms.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Petr Opletal, Hironori Sakai, Yoshinori Haga, Yoshifumi Tokiwa, Etsuji Yamamoto, Shinsaku Kambe, Yo Tokunaga
Summary: We studied the physical properties of a single crystal of uranium telluride U7Te12. It was found that U7Te12 crystallizes in a hexagonal structure with three different crystallographic uranium sites. The paramagnetic moments were estimated to be approximately 1 µB per uranium site assuming a uniform moment on all the sites. A ferromagnetic phase transition occurred at TC = 48 K, with a sharp increase in in-plane magnetization while the out-of-plane component did not increase significantly. Further below TC under field-cooling conditions, the out-of-plane component increased rapidly around T* = 26 K, while the in-plane component showed little change at T*. Specific heat measurement indicated a crossover suggesting a reorientation of ordering moments or successive magnetic ordering of the multiple uranium sites.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hiroki Matsumura, Hiroki Fujibayashi, Katsuki Kinjo, Shunsaku Kitagawa, Kenji Ishida, Yo Tokunaga, Hironori Sakai, Shinsaku Kambe, Ai Nakamura, Yusei Shimizu, Yoshiya Homma, Dexin Li, Fuminori Honda, Dai Aoki
Summary: Spin susceptibility in the superconducting state of uranium-based superconductor UTe2 was measured. The higher-quality sample exhibited a higher Tc and a narrower NMR linewidth compared to the previous sample. A significant reduction in Knight shift along the a axis was observed, which differed from the previous results along the alpha axis. The origin of these differences and the possible implications for the superconducting state were discussed.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
H. Sakai, Y. Tokiwa, P. Opletal, M. Kimata, S. Awaji, T. Sasaki, D. Aoki, S. Kambe, Y. Tokunaga, Y. Haga
Summary: The superconducting phase diagram in uranium ditelluride was investigated using high-quality single crystals under magnetic fields along the hard magnetic b axis. Low-field and high-field superconducting phases with different field-angular dependence were distinguished through electrical resistivity and ac magnetic susceptibility measurements. The crystal quality affected the upper critical field of the low-field superconducting phase, but the H* value at which the high-field superconducting phase appeared remained the same across different crystals. A phase boundary signature was also observed inside the low-field superconducting phase near H*, indicating the presence of an intermediate superconducting phase characterized by small flux pinning forces.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kota Ishihara, Masaki Roppongi, Masayuki Kobayashi, Kumpei Imamura, Yuta Mizukami, Hironori Sakai, Petr Opletal, Yoshifumi Tokiwa, Yoshinori Haga, Kenichiro Hashimoto, Takasada Shibauchi
Summary: Evidence consistent with chiral B-3u+iA(u) spin-triplet superconductivity in UTe2 is found through magnetic penetration depth measurements.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyugo Ota, Yuki Watabe, Yoshinori Haga, Fabio Iesari, Toshihiro Okajima, Yuji Matsumoto
Summary: Asymmetry plays an important role in discovering new phenomena, and the honeycomb structure is an example of asymmetric structure. The crystal structure analysis of Ce2Pt6Al15 is difficult due to stacking disorder, but we successfully synthesized polycrystalline Ce2Pt6Al15 and single-crystalline Ce2Pt6Al15. The analysis of the samples confirmed the trivalent valence of Ce in Ce2Pt6Al15 and revealed an orthorhombic structure with honeycomb structure.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katsuki Kinjo, Hiroki Fujibayashi, Hiroki Matsumura, Fumiya Hori, Shunsaku Kitagawa, Kenji Ishida, Yo Tokunaga, Hironori Sakai, Shinsaku Kambe, Ai Nakamura, Yusei Shimizu, Yoshiya Homma, Dexin Li, Fuminori Honda, Dai Aoki
Summary: Recently discovered topological superconductor uranium ditelluride exhibits multiple superconducting phases under different pressures. Nuclear magnetic resonance and ac susceptibility measurements confirm spin-triplet superconductivity in one of the phases and reveal the spin degrees of freedom in uranium ditelluride.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. Ishihara, M. Kobayashi, K. Imamura, M. Konczykowski, H. Sakai, P. Opletal, Y. Tokiwa, Y. Haga, K. Hashimoto, T. Shibauchi
Summary: The exotic superconducting properties of the paramagnetic spin-triplet superconductor candidate UTe2, such as extremely high upper critical field and possible chiral superconducting states, have attracted significant attention. This study focuses on the thermodynamic critical field Hc, the lower critical field Hc1, and the upper critical field Hc2 at low fields of ultraclean single crystals of UTe2, providing crucial insight into its intrinsic superconducting properties. Anomalous enhancement of Hc1 values with magnetic field along the b and c axes, showing unusual low-temperature upturns, is attributed to the effect of strong Ising-like ferromagnetic fluctuations on the vortex line energy.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Kinjo, H. Fujibayashi, S. Kitagawa, K. Ishida, Y. Tokunaga, H. Sakai, S. Kambe, A. Nakamura, Y. Shimizu, Y. Homma, D. X. Li, F. Honda, D. Aoki, K. Hiraki, M. Kimata, T. Sasaki
Summary: UTe2 is a recently discovered spin-triplet superconductor with a magnetic field (H)-boosted superconductivity >16 T when H is applied exactly parallel to the b axis. The high-H superconducting (HHSC) phase of UTe2 has not been thoroughly investigated, and its SC properties as well as the spin state are not well understood. In this study, AC magnetic susceptibility and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements were performed, revealing that the HHSC state has bulk nature and is sensitive to the H angle, with different SC character compared to the low-H superconducting (LHSC) state. The dominant spin component of the spin-triplet pair also changes from the LHSC state (along the a axis) to the HHSC state (along the b axis). Our findings suggest that the H-induced multiple SC states originate from the remaining spin degrees of freedom.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yukiharu Takeda, Jiri Pospisil, Hiroshi Yamagami, Etsuji Yamamoto, Yoshinori Haga
Summary: The element-specific electronic states and magnetic properties of UCoGe and Ru-substituted U(Co0.88Ru0.12)Ge were investigated using soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism experiments. The results show that the Co 3d electrons play an important role in these compounds.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ikuto Kawasaki, Kazuharu Takeuchi, Shin-ichi Fujimori, Yukiharu Takeda, Hiroshi Yamagami, Etsuji Yamamoto, Yoshinori Haga
Summary: Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments were performed to investigate the electronic structure of the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt3. The band structure of UPt3 was compared with density-functional calculations for ThPt3, and it was found that ThPt3 calculations provided a better description of the experimental band structure except for the heavy quasiparticle bands derived from 5f orbitals. The heavy quasiparticle bands were found to be renormalized by electron correlation effects and showed little temperature dependence.
