Article
Political Science
Vladimir Kogan, Stephane Lavertu, Zachary Peskowitz
Summary: Increasing minority representation on California school boards has been found to positively impact student achievement, particularly among minority students, without negatively affecting the academic performance of white students. This impact is potentially achieved through increased capital funding and a more diverse set of district principals, with no significant effects on school segregation, English language learners' reclassification, or teacher staffing.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Business, Finance
Yanping Pu, Xueping Liang
Summary: This paper focuses on the relationship between fertility and population employment, and studies the influence of second-child birth behavior on residents' self-employment. The findings indicate that the second-child fertility rate has a significant positive impact on the self-employment rate. The results of PSM-DID regression show that residents' second-child birth behavior has a significant positive impact on residents' self-employment income. Therefore, second-child birth behavior will promote residents' self-employment.
FINANCE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2024)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Michael Lynn
Summary: In the United States, employers can count servers' tip earnings towards minimum wage requirements, resulting in servers often being paid less. A study finds that consumers in states with larger tip credits are more willing to give restaurant servers higher tips, and this effect is mediated by perceptions of low server wages and altruistic tipping motives.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Ayca Cebi
Summary: Student interactions play a critical role in distance learning and have been shown to have a positive impact on learning outcomes. However, there is limited knowledge on how to improve student interactions. This study investigates the influence of e-learning readiness and student motivation on student interactions in distance learning, and finds that motivation mediates the relationship between e-learning readiness and student interactions.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Kwok W. Yu, Lisa Mincieli, Nina Zipser
Summary: The research found that an improvement in a course's overall rating tends to increase course enrollment, while an increase in a course's difficulty rating may decrease enrollment, with these effects being more pronounced in general curriculum courses.
ASSESSMENT & EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Jonas Stumpf, Maria Besiou, Tina Wakolbinger
Summary: Supply chains, especially humanitarian supply chains, are complex systems that require a better understanding. However, there is a lack of empirical studies that take an integrated view on humanitarian supply chains and provide fact-based evidence for decision makers. In this study, a system dynamics model was developed based on case studies and literature to reflect the operational reality of humanitarian organizations. The model measures operational performance and analyzes the impact of preparedness investments and major shocks on the supply chain.
PRODUCTION AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Annebelle C. M. Kok, Boris W. W. Berkhout, Nora V. V. Carlson, Neil P. P. Evans, Nicola Khan, Dominique A. A. Potvin, Andrew N. N. Radford, Marion Sebire, Saeed Shafiei Sabet, Graeme Shannon, Claudia A. F. Wascher
Summary: Anthropogenic noise, a major pollutant in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, leads to acute and chronic disturbance of animals. The long-term exposure to noise can affect communities by altering species behavior and physiology, resulting in direct or indirect consequences for other species. However, the understanding of community-level impacts and underlying mechanisms is limited, hindering effective mitigation efforts. This review identifies knowledge gaps and proposes a roadmap for studying and mitigating the effects of chronic noise exposure.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sohail Agha, Brooks Morgan, Helena Archer, Shadae Paul, Joseph B. Babigumira, Brandon L. Guthrie
Summary: This study aimed to introduce a practitioner-friendly behavior model and found that social norms in Nigeria may impact contraceptive use through ability rather than motivation. Therefore, public health interventions could counter the negative effects of social norms by increasing women's ability to practice contraception.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
David M. Williams, Ryan E. Rhodes
Summary: Research on affect-related constructs as determinants of health behavior is increasing. This paper provides a critical review and guidelines for assessment of these constructs in the Affect and Health Behavior Framework (AHBF). Future research should aim to parse and identify overlap between constructs.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Byungjin Park, Joonmo Cho
Summary: Student evaluation of teaching is important for assessing university instructors' performance, but it can be biased due to students' grade expectations. During the COVID-19 pandemic, universities implemented relaxed grade policies, resulting in grade inflation and changes in students' expected grades. Through empirical analysis, this study found that grade inflation reduced the biasing effect on student evaluations, and different GPA groups showed varying changes in rewards and punishments.
ASSESSMENT & EVALUATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wiktor Bzdega, Piotr Franciszek Kurzyna, Ewa Harasim-Symbor, Adam Holownia, Adrian Chabowski, Karolina Konstantynowicz-Nowicka
Summary: CBG treatment may modulate sphingolipid metabolism, protecting the liver against the development of metabolic disorders.
Article
Psychiatry
Jennifer E. Siegel-Ramsay, Bryan Wu, Flavio Kapczinski, Teresa Lanza di Scalea, Spelber David, Benicio N. Frey, Stephen M. Strakowski, Jorge R. C. Almeida
Summary: The Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST) is a validated clinician-administered assessment scale for measuring psychosocial dysfunction in individuals with bipolar disorder. This study found significant positive correlations between self-report and clinician-administered FAST scores, supporting the use of FAST as a self-report scale. The self-report application of FAST will increase its utility in busy clinical workflows and contribute to comprehensive clinical assessments and interventions.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Di Wu, Kun Li, Jia Ma, Enxu Wang, Yang Zhu
Summary: This paper examines the importance of environmentally responsible behavior (ERB) in mountain tourism in China. Through analyzing the relationship between tourist experiences and place attachment, the study identifies nature bonding as a key factor in ERB. It also finds that entertainment and education experiences positively impact place attachment and ERB. Overall, the findings highlight the significance of tourist behavior in promoting environmental protection and sustainability in mountain destinations.
Review
Biology
Yanisa Ratanapokasatit, Wannada Laisuan, Teerapong Rattananukrom, Aisawan Petchlorlian, Iyarit Thaipisuttikul, Mongkhon Sompornrattanaphan
Summary: The human microbiome has a significant impact on skin aging. Cellular senescence and oxidative damage contribute to skin aging, while microbiota plays a crucial role in protecting the immune system. Dysbiosis can lead to aging and diseases. The skin interactome is important for skin health and aging.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alan Rozanski, Sakul Sakul, Jagat Narula, Daniel Berman
Summary: Unhealthy lifestyles, such as poor diets and lack of exercise, contribute to disease and chronic illnesses. Assessing adverse lifestyle factors in healthcare settings has become increasingly important. This study evaluates the evidence for assessing six other health-related lifestyle factors, including physical activity, sedentary behavior, muscle strengthening exercises, mobility limitations, diet, and sleep quality. Based on the evaluation, it is recommended to use a short questionnaire to assess these factors in patient care settings.
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)