Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fu-Chih Hsiao, Kun-Chi Yen, Tze-Fan Chao, Shao-Wei Chen, Yi-Hsin Chan, Pao-Hsien Chu
Summary: The study found that in a real-world practice, SGLT2is were associated with a lower risk of new-onset AF compared with GLP-1RAs among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yi-Hsin Chan, Tze-Fan Chao, Shao-Wei Chen, Hsin-Fu Lee, Pei-Ru Li, Wei-Min Chen, Yung-Hsin Yeh, Chi-Tai Kuo, Lai-Chu See, Gregory Y. H. Lip
Summary: The study evaluated the risk of new-onset AF associated with SGLT2i, GLP-1RA, and DPP4i in patients with type 2 diabetes, and found that SGLT2i, but not GLP-1RA, was associated with a lower incidence of AF compared to DPP4i.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M. Donniacuo, A. De Angelis, M. Telesca, G. Bellocchio, M. A. Riemma, P. Paolisso, E. Cianflone, D. Torella, G. Castaldo, A. Capuano, K. Urbanek, L. Berrino, F. Rossi, D. Cappetta
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia with significant morbidity and mortality, characterized by pro-fibrotic signaling and abnormal Ca2+ handling at the atrial level. Anticoagulation, symptoms control, and management of risk factors are the primary focus of AF care. The restoration of sinus rhythm, atrioventricular synchrony, and improvement of atrial contribution to stroke volume are the goals of AF therapy. Epigenetic phenomena, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, provide new insights into AF pathophysiology and potential targets for pharmacological interventions. In addition, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) show potential in modifying the epigenetic signature in cardiovascular diseases, suggesting a possible role in the onset and progression of AF. This review discusses the pathophysiology and management of AF, as well as the epigenetic mechanisms and the potential of SGLT2i in AF patients.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kazuo Kobayashi, Masao Toyoda, Nobuo Hatori, Hiroyuki Sakai, Takayuki Furuki, Keiichi Chin, Moritsugu Kimura, Nobumichi Saito, Tomohiko Kanaoka, Togo Aoyama, Tomoya Umezono, Shun Ito, Daisuke Suzuki, Hiroshi Takeda, Fuyuki Minagawa, Hisakazu Degawa, Hideo Machimura, Toshimasa Hishiki, Shinichi Umezawa, Hidetoshi Shimura, Shinichi Nakajima, Hareaki Yamamoto, Kazuyoshi Sato, Masaaki Miyakawa, Yasuo Terauchi, Kouichi Tamura, Akira Kanamori
Summary: By comparing the effects of SGLT2i and GLP1Ra treatments on patients with type 2 diabetes, this study found that the renal composite outcome incidence was lower in the SGLT2i-treated group, with smaller changes in eGFR.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marta Baviera, Andreana Foresta, Pierluca Colacioppo, Giulia Macaluso, Maria Carla Roncaglioni, Mauro Tettamanti, Ida Fortino, Stefano Genovese, Irene Caruso, Francesco Giorgino
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness and safety of GLP-1 RA and SGLT-2i in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that GLP-1 RA was equally safe but more effective than SGLT-2i in reducing the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and non-fatal myocardial infarction. The incidence of serious adverse events was low in both treatment groups.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jelena Osmanovic Barilar, Ana Babic Perhoc, Ana Knezovic, Jan Homolak, Davor Virag, Melita Salkovic-Petrisic
Summary: Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD), and antidiabetic drugs such as SGLTI are being studied as a potential therapy. However, in a rat model of sAD, SGLTI treatment does not improve cognitive deficits but reduces food intake, decreases duodenal A beta 1-42, and decreases plasma levels of total GLP-1.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sheng-Nan Chang, Jien-Jiun Chen, Pang-Shuo Huang, Cho-Kai Wu, Yi-Chih Wang, Juey-Jen Hwang, Chia-Ti Tsai
Summary: Patients with diabetes and AF have an increased risk of stroke. This study found that the use of SGLT2 inhibitors can lower the risk of stroke in patients with diabetes and AF, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors may be considered as a first-line treatment in these patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ryo Nishinarita, Shinichi Niwano, Hiroe Niwano, Hironori Nakamura, Daiki Saito, Tetsuro Sato, Gen Matsuura, Yuki Arakawa, Shuhei Kobayashi, Yuki Shirakawa, Ai Horiguchi, Naruya Ishizue, Tazuru Igarashi, Tomoharu Yoshizawa, Jun Oikawa, Yoshinobu Hara, Takafumi Katsumura, Jun Kishihara, Akira Satoh, Hidehira Fukaya, Hiroyuki Sakagami, Junya Ako
Summary: This study found that the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin may be beneficial for preventing atrial fibrillation and suppressing atrial remodeling, by reducing atrial effective refractory period, decreasing conduction velocity, and inhibiting the inducibility of AF.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiang Li, Yuefeng Yu, Ying Sun, Bowei Yu, Xiao Tan, Bin Wang, Yingli Lu, Ningjian Wang
Summary: SGLT2 inhibition may reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation by regulating blood lipid levels, particularly the concentration of HDL particles. Further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms behind this association.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Carolyn S. P. Lam, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Kelley R. H. Branch, Naveed Sattar, Julio Rosenstock, Richard Pratley, Stefano Del Prato, Renato D. Lopes, Elisabeth Niemoeller, Nardev S. Khurmi, Seungjae Baek, Hertzel C. Gerstein
Summary: The analysis of the AMPLITUDE-O trial suggests that the efficacy and safety of Efpeglenatide are not impacted by concurrent use of SGLT2 inhibitors. These data support the combined use of SGLT2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ghazwa B. Korayem, Omar A. Alshaya, Albandari A. Alghamdi, Shahad S. Alanazi, Renad T. Almutib, Mahdi Alsaileek, Abdulrahman Alrashidi, Nasser Aldosari, Nader Bin Sheraim, Majed S. Al Yami, Omar A. Almohammed
Summary: This study found underutilization of GLP-1 RA and SGLT2i in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in those with other compelling indications. Patients at an older age or with a history of stroke were less likely to be prescribed these medications. To optimize the use of these agents for their additional benefits, prescribers need to evaluate the benefits for potential beneficiaries, regardless of glycemic control.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juliane Schweizer, Markus Arnold, Inke R. Koenig, Antonela Bicvic, Laura P. Westphal, Valerie Schuetz, Corinne Inauen, Natalie Scherrer, Andreas Luft, Marian Galovic, Carolina Ferreira Atuesta, Thomas Pokorny, Marcel Arnold, Urs Fischer, Leo H. Bonati, Gian Marco De Marchis, Timo Kahles, Krassen Nedeltchev, Carlo W. Cereda, Georg Kaegi, Alejandro Bustamante, Joan Montaner, Georg Ntaios, Dimitrios Sagris, Christian Foerch, Katharina Spanaus, Arnold von Eckardstein, Mira Katan
Summary: This study demonstrates that midregional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) can be used to differentiate the etiology of acute ischemic stroke, identify newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation, and assess the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events. MR-proANP levels are associated with atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular events and can be used as a decision tool for prolonged cardiac monitoring in stroke patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaolan Ouyang, Jiafu Wang, Qian Chen, Long Peng, Suhua Li, Xixiang Tang
Summary: This study aims to assess the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart failure (HF) patients. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors did not significantly reduce the risk of AF in HF patients compared to placebo. Therefore, current evidence suggests that SGLT2 inhibitors may have no preventive effects on AF in patients with HF.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wenjie Li, Xingqing Chen, Xiangqi Xie, Min Xu, Lingling Xu, Peiying Liu, Bihui Luo
Summary: Both SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs have favorable effects on reducing the risk of AF/AFL in patients with type 2 diabetes, although no significant difference was observed between them. Long-acting GLP-1RAs may confer a more pronounced reduction benefit compared to placebo.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Baviera, Stefano Genovese, Vito Lepore, Pierluca Colacioppo, Fabio Robusto, Mauro Tettamanti, Antonio D'Ettorre, Fausto Avanzini, Ida Fortino, Antonio Nicolucci, Maria C. Roncaglioni, Francesco Giorgino
Summary: This observational cohort study in Italy compared the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors with other AHAs in large and unselected populations. The findings showed that GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with lower rates of death, cardiovascular events, and heart failure compared to other AHAs, indicating their favorable effects in type 2 diabetes patients beyond those with cardiovascular disease.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Vanessa Wai Sei Ng, Yuan Wang, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Ivan Chun Hang Lam, Min Fan, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Xue Li, Carlos King Ho Wong, Raccoon Ka Cheong Chung, Benjamin John Cowling, Wing Chi Fong, Alexander Yuk Lun Lau, Vincent Chung Tong Mok, Frank Ling Fung Chan, Cheuk Kwong Lee, Lot Sze Tao Chan, Dawin Lo, Kui Kai Lau, Ivan Fan Ngai Hung, Chak Sing Lau, Gabriel Matthew Leung, Ian Chi Kei Wong
Summary: Based on electronic health records in Hong Kong, the risk of Bell's palsy increased following BNT162b2 vaccination, particularly within 14 days after the second dose. However, the absolute risk remains very low, so the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination still outweigh the small risk of Bell's palsy.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Nan Hong, Ivy Lynn Mak, Weng Yee Chin, Esther Yee Tak Yu, Emily Tsui Yee Tse, Julie Yun Chen, Carlos King Ho Wong, David Vai Kiong Chao, Wendy Wing Sze Tsui, Cindy Lo Kuen Lam, Eric Yuk Fai Wan
Summary: This study evaluated the association between the number of co-morbidities, all-cause mortality, and public health system expenditure in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) across different age groups. The results showed that a greater number of co-morbidities was associated with increased mortality and healthcare costs, with stronger relationships observed among younger patients. Age-specific co-morbidity patterns were also observed for patients with T2D.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Tak Wai Lui, Tingting Wu, Ivan Chi Ho Au, Xiaodong Liu, Matrix Man Him Fung, Chi Ho Lee, Carol Ho Yi Fong, Yu Cho Woo, Brian Hung Hin Lang, Kathryn Choon Beng Tan, Carlos King Ho Wong
Summary: Introduction and Objectives: Operations are a major cause of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)-associated diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This study aimed to investigate the risks of SGLT2i-associated postoperative DKA. Methods: A population-based cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent operations during 2015-2020 was analyzed. Results: Preoperative SGLT2i use was associated with increased risks of postoperative DKA in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Clinicians could optimize patients' outcomes by appropriate prescription of SGLT2i, while watching out for high-risk features. Implementing automatic electronic health record pop-up alerts may reduce the risk of SGLT2i-associated postoperative DKA.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Xue Li, Kuan Peng, Franco W. T. Cheng, David C. L. Lam, Ching Lung Cheung, Celine S. L. Chui, Francisco T. T. Lai, Eric Y. F. Wan, Carlos K. H. Wong, Tiantian Ma, Samson H. H. Yum, Esther W. Y. Chan, Jian Dong Huang, Chak Sing Lau, Mary S. M. Ip, Ian C. K. Wong
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jessica J. P. Shami, Vincent K. C. Yan, Yue Wei, Hassan Alwafi, Joseph E. Blais, Eric Wan, Carlos K. H. Wong, Ka Shing Cheung, Wai K. Leung, Martin C. S. Wong, Ian C. K. Wong, Esther W. Chan
Summary: The concurrent use of low-dose aspirin and metformin was not associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chi-Ho Lee, David Tak-Wai Lui, Raymond Hang-Wun Li, Michele Mae-Ann Yuen, Carol Ho-Yi Fong, Ambrose Pak-Wah Leung, Justin Chiu-Man Chu, Loey Lung-Yi Mak, Tai-Hing Lam, Jean Woo, Yu-Cho Woo, Aimin Xu, Hung-Fat Tse, Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan, Bernard Man-Yung Cheung, Man-Fung Yuen, Karen Siu-Ling Lam
Summary: This study investigated whether incorporating additional metabolic risk factors improved liver fibrosis risk stratification in non-diabetic overweight/obese MAFLD individuals. The results showed that abnormal AST and HOMA-IR levels were independently associated with higher liver fibrosis risk, and a sequential screening algorithm using these factors was developed for risk identification.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chi-Ho Lee, Lung-Yi Mak, Eric Ho-Man Tang, David Tak-Wai Lui, Jimmy Ho-Cheung Mak, Lanlan Li, Tingting Wu, Wing Lok Chan, Man-Fung Yuen, Karen Siu-Ling Lam, Carlos King Ho Wong
Summary: The use of SGLT2i is associated with a lower risk of incident HCC in patients with co-existing T2D and CHB.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carlos K. H. Wong, Kristy T. K. Lau, Ivan C. H. Au, Eric H. Y. Lau, Leo L. M. Poon, Ivan F. N. Hung, Benjamin J. Cowling, Gabriel M. Leung
Summary: Viral rebound rates are similar between patients with antiviral treatment and those without. Importantly, viral burden rebound was not associated with adverse clinical outcomes.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Min Fan, Caige Huang, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Xue Li, Carlos King Ho Wong, Ching-Lung Cheung, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: Extending the interval between doses of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines has been linked with a reduced risk of myocarditis in children and adolescents, but impacts on vaccine effectiveness are not known.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Min Fan, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Natalie Tsz Ying Tsie, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Carlos King Ho Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Kai Hang Yiu, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Celine Sze Ling Chui
Summary: This study assessed the risk of carditis following three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac through a self-controlled case series (SCCS) and a case-control study. The results showed increased carditis risks after all three doses of BNT162b2, especially in individuals below 30 years old and males.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Carlos King Ho Wong, Lung Yi Mak, Ivan Chi Ho Au, Wing Yiu Cheng, Ching Hei So, Kristy Tsz Kwan Lau, Eric Ho Yin Lau, Benjamin J. Cowling, Gabriel M. Leung, Man Fung Yuen
Summary: A self-controlled case-series study was conducted to evaluate the risk and severity of acute liver injury (ALI) associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment for COVID-19. The study found that the risk of ALI was elevated before treatment initiation but not during the five-day treatment period. ALI cases in nirmatrelvir/ritonavir users were generally less severe than those in non-users and had a lower risk of all-cause death.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Tingting Wu, Carlos K. H. Wong, David T. W. Lui, Simon K. H. Wong, Cindy L. K. Lam, Matthew S. H. Chung, David A. McAllister, Richard Welbourn, John B. Dixon
Summary: This network meta-analysis compares the effects of bariatric surgery, novel glucose-lowering agents, and insulin for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The results show that bariatric surgery has superior glycaemic control and weight management compared to non-surgical treatments, and GLP1RA administered orally or by injection can reduce HbA1c and body weight effectively.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suhas Krishnamoorthy, Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Kelvin Shun-Cheong Ho, Yin-Pan Chau, Constance Mak, Donna Ng, Albert Kar-Kin Chung, Jody Kwok-Pui Chu, Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan, Ruby Lai-Chong Hoo, Ching-Lung Cheung
Summary: Illicit drug use is associated with lower bone mineral density and bone strength.
OSTEOPOROSIS AND SARCOPENIA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Tak Wai Lui, Kimberly Hang Tsoi, Chi Ho Lee, Chloe Yu Yan Cheung, Carol Ho Yi Fong, Alan Chun Hong Lee, Anthony Raymond Tam, Polly Pang, Tip Yin Ho, Chun Yiu Law, Ching Wan Lam, Kelvin Kai Wang To, Wing Sun Chow, Yu Cho Woo, Ivan Fan Ngai Hung, Kathryn Choon Beng Tan, Karen Siu Ling Lam
Summary: This study evaluated the evolution of thyroid function and autoimmunity among COVID-19 survivors over 6 months. The results showed that most abnormal thyroid function in acute COVID-19 resolved within 6 months, and SARS-CoV-2 infection did not lead to change in thyroid autoimmunity. Interferon treatment was associated with a modest increase in anti-thyroid antibody titres. Thyroid function and anti-thyroid antibodies did not play a significant role in long COVID.