Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annalisa Bianco, Claudio Tiribelli, Cristina Bellarosa
Summary: This article reviews the clinical and molecular features of mild hyperbilirubinemia in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and discusses the role of bilirubin as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule in DKD. It highlights the positive correlation between serum bilirubin levels and antioxidative enzymes, as well as the inverse correlation with inflammatory markers in DKD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christodoula Kourtidou, Konstantinos Tziomalos
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the main cause of chronic kidney disease, with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving multiple molecular pathways. Recent studies have shown that histone modification plays a crucial role in the development and progression of DKD. Histone modification is believed to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in the diabetic kidney. This review provides a summary of the current understanding of the association between histone modification and DKD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yupeng Jiang, Feifei Xie, Xin Lv, Shuting Wang, Xiaohua Liao, Yue Yu, Qin Dai, Yan Zhang, Jie Meng, Gaoyun Hu, Zhangzhe Peng, Lijian Tao
Summary: The study found that MFD treatment significantly reduced pathological changes observed by PAS staining, PASM staining, and Masson staining in vivo. Further elucidation revealed that MFD treatment notably restored podocyte function, alleviated inflammation, abated ROS generation, inhibited the TGF-beta 1/SAMD2/3 pathway, suppressed the phosphorylation levels of MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, and P38), and reduced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition(EMT).
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaixuan Zhou, Xue Zi, Jiayu Song, Qiulu Zhao, Jia Liu, Huiwei Bao, Lijing Li
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common complication of diabetes, and its prevalence is increasing rapidly. This review focuses on the mechanistic pathways by which natural compounds exert their effects against the progression of DKD. The findings suggest that these compounds can protect the kidney by regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, renal fibrosis, and activating autophagy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yexin Liu, Ritsumi Saito, Naomi Matsukawa, Eiji Hishinuma, Daisuke Saigusa, Hong Liu, Masayuki Yamamoto, Akira Uruno
Summary: This study reveals that the transcription factor Nrf2 plays a critical role in protecting the body against oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic kidney disease. The results demonstrate that Nrf2 deficiency exacerbates the symptoms of diabetic kidney disease, while Nrf2 induction helps alleviate kidney damage.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sensen Su, Zhanchuan Ma, Hao Wu, Zhonggao Xu, Huanfa Yi
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and its prevalence has been increasing worldwide. The pathogenesis of DKD is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. New therapies that reduce oxidative stress have shown promise in slowing down the progression of DKD.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wu Liu, Yiwei Gao, Yi Zhou, Fangning Yu, Xinyi Li, Ning Zhang
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure in chronic kidney disease patients, resulting in high mortality worldwide. Current treatment strategies primarily focus on controlling hyperglycemia, proteinuria, and hypertension, but are inadequate in effectively delaying the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Cordyceps sinensis, a wild herb commonly used in Chinese medicine, has shown nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and ischemia/reperfusion injury protective effects, along with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Several Chinese patent medicines derived from Cordyceps sinensis have been used to treat diabetic kidney disease with considerable efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nur Ainina Abd Wahab, Nelli Giribabu, Eswar Kumar Kilari, Naguib Salleh
Summary: Abietic acid helps to mitigate nephropathy development in diabetes mellitus by counteracting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.
Review
Immunology
Hai-Bo Tan, Yan-Qiu Zheng, Yu-Pei Zhuang
Summary: IL-17A plays a role in DKD that is not only negative; it can alleviate inflammation and fibrosis caused by DKD by regulating autophagy or macrophage phenotype, and contradictory expression of IL-17A has been observed in human DKD.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xia-Qing Wu, Dan-Dan Zhang, Yan-Ni Wang, Yue-Qi Tan, Xiao-Yong Yu, Ying-Yong Zhao
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease is a major cause of chronic kidney disease, and controlling blood glucose is effective in preventing it. However, the formation of AGEs related to high glucose plays a central role in the pathogenesis of DKD, causing oxidative stress and inflammation.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yu Liu, Zhijuan Hu, Hanying Xing, Lin Kang, Xing Chen, Bing Liu, Kai Niu
Summary: Dyslipidemia and inflammation play important roles in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Oleanolic acid, a natural compound with multiple pharmacological properties, has therapeutic effects against diabetic kidney disease. The study found that oleanolic acid can alleviate renal injury in diabetic rats by improving lipid metabolism and suppressing inflammation.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peir-Haur Hung, Yung-Chien Hsu, Tsung-Hsien Chen, Chun-Liang Lin
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease, characterized by glomerular hyperfiltration, progressive albuminuria, and declining estimated glomerular filtration rate leading to kidney failure. Metabolic changes and programmed epigenetic modifications resulting from hyperglycemia are believed to play a role in the development of DKD, although the detailed mechanisms are still not fully understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaohan Wu, He Li, Zhijie Wan, Ran Wang, Jing Liu, Qingfeng Liu, Haiyun Zhao, Zhehuan Wang, Huiru Zhang, Hui Guo, Caihong Qi, Xiangyue Jiao, Xiaotian Li
Summary: This study investigates the combined effects of ursolic acid and empagliflozin in treating diabetic nephropathy using a diabetic rat model. The results showed that the combination treatment was more effective in improving blood glucose, renal function indicators, inflammation levels, oxidative stress responses, and renal fibrosis compared to monotherapy.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Huang, Yi-Yuan Chen, Zi-Qi Li, Fang-Fang He, Chun Zhang
Summary: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease worldwide and is strongly associated with clinical outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Traditional therapeutic strategies focus on controlling major risk factors such as blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. Advances in research have led to the emergence of new therapies and targets for DKD management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chengkai Wu, Bosai He, Xiao Wang, Yang Zou, Ruixin Ma, Yanting Gu, Jian Huang, Songping Li, Jinhui Wang, Jiahong Wang
Summary: This study demonstrated that Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) effectively attenuates vascular injury caused by chronic kidney disease. Its mechanisms of action involve activation of the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway for antioxidant effects and suppression of the SIRT1/TLR4/NF-kappa B/P38 signaling pathway for anti-inflammatory effects.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jasmin Chendi Li, Anida Velagic, Cheng Xue Qin, Mandy Li, Chen Huei Leo, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Owen L. Woodman
Summary: In diabetic rat carotid arteries, endothelial dysfunction impairs the sensitivity and maximal relaxation response to acetylcholine. Diabetes affects the contribution of nitric oxide, while HNO-mediated vasorelaxation remains intact.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Eng Shi Ong, Christina Liu Ying Oh, Joseph Choon Wee Tan, Su Yi Foo, Chen Huei Leo
Summary: The study used PHWE to extract bioactive phytochemicals from different parts of okra, revealing that okra seeds have the highest antioxidant capacity and antidiabetic effects, likely due to their higher levels of polyphenolic compounds. Okra seeds also showed a reduction in vascular inflammation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eng Shi Ong, Janelle Low, Joseph Choon Wee Tan, Su Yi Foo, Chen Huei Leo
Summary: This study aims to explore the potential of avocado seeds as functional food through a combination of green extraction methods, chemical standardization, and biological characterization. The results showed that avocado seed extracts have antioxidant activity and vasoprotective actions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yi Zhang, Amelia Yilin Lee, Kanitthamniyom Pojchanun, Cheng Pau Lee, Aiwu Zhou, Jia An, Michinao Hashimoto, U-Xuan Tan, Chen Huei Leo, Gladys Wong, Chee Kai Chua, Aakanksha Pant
Summary: Three-dimensional food printing can help consumers accept and consume alternative proteins more easily by printing final products that resemble familiar natural foods in terms of taste, texture, and appearance. This study focuses on optimizing multicomponent food inks fortified with alternative proteins for 3D printing using response surface methodology (RSM). The addition of xanthan gum as a shear thinning and hydrating agent optimized the printability and syneresis of the six protein inks. This RSM-based approach has the potential to be widely adopted in 3D food printing.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen Huei Leo, Su Yi Foo, Joseph Choon Wee Tan, U-Xuan Tan, Chee Kai Chua, Eng Shi Ong
Summary: This study aims to extract bioactive compounds from orange peel waste (OPW) using a green extraction method called pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE). The results showed that extraction temperatures of 60 degrees C and 80 degrees C yielded distinct bioactive compounds with better antioxidant capacity. Specifically, treatment with 60 degrees C OPW extracts inhibited vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in vitro, suggesting its vasoprotective effects mediated by anti-inflammatory effects.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eng Shi Ong
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Meyammai Shanmugham, Sophie Bellanger, Chen Huei Leo
Summary: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a dietary metabolite derived from gut microbiome, is closely associated with diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, contributing to endothelial dysfunction. The mechanisms underlying TMAO-induced endothelial dysfunction involve inflammation and oxidative stress.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Eng Shi Ong
Summary: Bioactive compounds in functional foods, medicinal plants and others are considered valuable for their wide range of bioactivity. Urine is an effective biofluid for evaluating and monitoring changes in homeostasis and metabolism. The review discusses the formation of urine, sampling and analysis of urinary metabolites, and recent developments in metabolite profiling. Advances in LC/MS/MS, chemical fragmentation libraries, computational resources, and data analysis approaches have made urine profiling an attractive option. Profiling urinary metabolites provides insights into diet-related biomarkers and their biological effects.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Chen Huei Leo, Eng Shi Ong
Summary: Functional foods and their by-products have various bioactive components that offer health benefits and can enhance public health and well-being. Environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective methods are needed to extract flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and other substances from functional food and agri-food wastes to achieve a circular economy. This research covers extraction methods that eliminate the use of organic solvents and are suitable for laboratory and commercial production. Analytical methods are used to determine marker or bioactive compounds and chemical fingerprints to control the composition variation of functional food products. Combining chemical standardization with antioxidant assays provides information on extract quality. Cellular models and other experimental endpoints, such as metabolomics, are used to validate the antioxidant properties of the extracts.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sakeena Si Yu Tan, Meyammai Shanmugham, Yu Ling Chin, Jia An, Chee Kai Chua, Eng Shi Ong, Chen Huei Leo
Summary: This study extracts phytochemical compounds from mangosteen pericarp using pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) and investigates its biological effects on endothelial cells using RNA sequencing. Results show that extraction at a temperature of 120 degrees Celsius yields the highest concentrations of key phytochemical compounds and improves antioxidant capacity. Treatment of endothelial cells with the extract activates the AMPK signaling pathway and affects biological processes related to steroid biosynthesis and metabolism. Overall, this study provides important insights into the potential beneficial effects of phytochemical compounds from mangosteen pericarp on cardiometabolic health.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jian Da Tan, Cheng Pau Lee, Su Yi Foo, Joseph Choon Wee Tan, Sakeena Si Yu Tan, Eng Shi Ong, Chen Huei Leo, Michinao Hashimoto
Summary: This study explores the use of 3D printing technology to transform orange peel waste into edible, healthy snacks, aiming to address the detrimental environmental and economic impacts of discarding such waste. Through direct ink writing, edible constructs containing orange peel waste were successfully created. Biochemical analysis and cell viability tests revealed that the nutritional and antioxidant content of the orange peel waste was not affected during the manufacturing process. This study highlights the potential of revalorizing food waste and achieving more sustainable and circular food manufacturing and consumption through 3D printing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOPRINTING
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Weizhuo Lu, Zhiwu Chen, Jiyue Wen
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a common and serious disease, and neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in its progression. Microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating immune cells are involved in the complicated neuroinflammation cascade, releasing different molecules that affect inflammation. Flavonoids, plant-specific compounds, have shown protective effects against cerebral ischemia injury by modulating the inflammatory responses.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2024)
