Article
Business, Finance
Yan Lu, Narayan Y. Naik, Melvyn Teo
Summary: Hedge funds with diverse teams, consisting of members with different educational backgrounds, academic specializations, work experiences, genders, and races, outperform homogeneous teams when risk and fund characteristics are taken into account. To address concerns of endogeneity, this research utilizes an event study of manager team transitions, instrumental variable regressions, and an analysis of managers operating both solo-managed and team-managed funds. The findings indicate that diverse teams in hedge funds achieve superior returns by arbitraging stock anomalies, avoiding behavioral biases, and minimizing downside risks, while also allowing for capacity constraints to be circumvented and persistent performance to be generated. This study highlights the value of diversity in asset management. Evaluation: 8/10.
REVIEW OF FINANCIAL STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Economics
Belinda Archibong, Francis Annan
Summary: This article explores the links among climate change, epidemics, and group-based inequality. It reviews scientific literature modeling the effects of global warming on infectious disease epidemics, highlighting the role of climate variables and adaptive human behavior in facilitating disease spread. It also examines the impact of climate-induced epidemics on gender inequality using evidence from the African meningitis belt.
REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Economics & Policy
Alexandra E. Hill, Jesse Burkhardt
Summary: This article presents evidence on peer effects among U.S. agricultural workers, showing that the impact varies based on the ability and gender of the workers and their peers. Exceptionally slow workers are least responsive to peers, while male workers are more influenced by their peers compared to female workers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Marina Morales, Miriam Marcen
Summary: Despite progress in bridging the gender gap in the workplace, women are still underrepresented in many occupations. This article examines the influence of gender norms on women's decision to enter male-dominated professions using data from early-arrival migrants with varying levels of gender equality in their country of origin. The findings suggest that higher gender equality in the country of origin leads to a smaller gender gap in male-dominated occupations. The study also provides suggestive evidence on the role of job flexibility and women's preferences for family-friendly jobs in shaping gender-based sorting across professions.
REVIEW OF ECONOMICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD
(2023)
Article
Demography
William Jergins
Summary: This study examines the influence of culturally-inherited beliefs about gender roles on women's representation in STEM fields using an epidemiological approach. Previous research has shown a negative correlation between gender equity and women's representation in STEM, known as the gender-equity paradox. However, when considering a wider range of home countries, the study finds that women's representation in STEM does not decrease as gender equity increases. These findings challenge the existence of a gender-equity paradox in the relationship between culturally-inherited beliefs about gender equality and women's representation in STEM, and have important implications for policy design.
JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Economics
Yao Yao, George S. Chen, Lin Zhang
Summary: In this study, we examine the causal effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on educational attainment in China through the lens of gender segregation. Using a comprehensive dataset from 1985 to 2014 and controlling for endogeneity, we find that a more significant presence of FDI leads to higher educational attainment, particularly for women. Additionally, we demonstrate that this gender-segregated causal effect remains robust across different estimators, measurements, and specifications. Overall, our findings reveal an important social externality of FDI that has not been systematically explored in the existing literature - FDI generates positive spillovers on female educational attainment in its host country.
Article
Business
Brenda Silupu, Jose Ernesto Amoros Espinosa, Belen Usero, Angeles Montoro-Sanchez
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between the decision not to have a specific location and human capital (education, experience, and entrepreneurial type) from a gender perspective. The research used data from the 2014-2018 National Household Survey in Peru, with a sample of 50,313 entrepreneurs of whom 23,314 were women and 27,002 were men, all with business experience of over three years. The findings showed that for women entrepreneurs, the choice of not having a settled location moderates the relationship between education and business informality, while for men, it moderates the impact of education, experience, and motivation for entrepreneurship on the formality of their businesses.
ACADEMIA-REVISTA LATINOAMERICANA DE ADMINISTRACION
(2023)
Article
Economics
Peter Backus, Maria Cubel, Matej Guid, Santiago Sanchez-Pages, Enrique Lopez Manas
Summary: This paper examines gender differences in performance in male-dominated chess tournaments. The study finds that the gender composition of chess games influences the behaviors of both men and women, resulting in worse outcomes for women. The authors use a unique measure of within-game quality of play and discover that women make more mistakes when playing against men, while men perform equally well against male and female opponents. The study also reveals that men persist longer before losing to women. These findings shed light on the behavioral changes that contribute to differential outcomes in competitions with varying gender compositions.
QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Demography
Julia Philipp
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between gender-typical parental occupation and young adults' choice of university major in Germany. The study finds significant intergenerational associations, suggesting that the transfer of occupation-specific resources from parents to children is influential in major selection. The findings also indicate that the transmission of gender roles explains some of the associations between fathers and sons. This research contributes to the existing literature by introducing a novel measure and exploring different transmission channels.
JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Industrial Relations & Labor
Marta Palczynska
Summary: This study demonstrates that neurotic individuals have lower returns to cognitive skills, and social skills do not complement cognitive skills in Poland, in contrast to recent findings in the United States. This provides valuable theoretical insights for further research in related fields.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANPOWER
(2021)
Article
Economics
Francesca Gioia, Giovanni Immordino
Summary: This study replicates an experiment to investigate discrimination based on taste and statistics in hiring decisions. The findings suggest that women face statistical discrimination when their gender is not revealed, but they receive favorable treatment when their gender is known. This discrimination in favor of women is observed among both male and female employers, but it becomes more prominent when employers have higher monetary incentives to hire more productive workers.
JOURNAL OF THE ECONOMIC SCIENCE ASSOCIATION-JESA
(2023)
Article
Economics
Livia Alfonsi, Mary Namubiru, Sara Spaziani
Summary: We investigate gender disparities in the effect of COVID-19 on the labor market outcomes of skilled Ugandan workers. Leveraging a high-frequency panel dataset, we find that the lockdowns imposed in Uganda have had a larger negative impact on female employment compared to male employment. Even 18 months after the onset of the pandemic, the gender gap in employment persists, with a significant number of previously employed women remaining unemployed or only occasionally employed. The lockdowns have also resulted in shifts in occupation, with more female workers engaging in self-employment and being pushed into sectors that do not align with their skill sets, ultimately widening the gender pay gap.
REVIEW OF ECONOMICS OF THE HOUSEHOLD
(2023)
Article
Economics
Jenny Bourne, Nathan D. Grawe, Michael Hemesath, Prathi Seneviratne, Maya Jensen
Summary: This research focuses on economists working at liberal arts colleges and finds that there were fewer publications from female scholars who earned PhDs from 1983 to 2005, but recent cohorts show no gender gap. The gap seen among economists earning degrees between 1983 and 1994 largely reflects differences among macroeconomists. Furthermore, while coauthorship has increased persistently across male PhD cohorts, it has leveled off among women in the most recent cohort.
EASTERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Business, Finance
Ashmita Gupta
Summary: The study found that the 1991 trade liberalization policy in India led to a reduction in the employment share of women in affected establishments, mainly due to increased shifts caused by output tariff reductions. Restrictions on female working hours by Indian law may have contributed to this phenomenon.
IMF ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Economics
Per-Anders Edin, Tiernan Evans, Georg Graetz, Sofia Hernnaes, Guy Michaels
Summary: This study examines the earnings losses experienced by Swedish workers when the demand for their occupations declined. The results show that the decline in occupation led to a cumulative earnings reduction of no more than 2%-5% between 1986 and 2013. This loss is a result of decreased earnings while employed, reduced years of employment, and increased time spent in unemployment and retraining. However, workers initially at the bottom of their occupations' earnings distributions suffered losses of up to 8%-11%.
