Removal of bromophenol blue dye from water onto biomass, activated carbon, biochar, polymer, nanoparticle, and composite adsorbents

Bromophenol blue is a toxic triphenylmethane dye that is widely used in various industries. The dye-contaminated wastewater released from the industries results in substantial water pollution, causing several health problems and having severe negative consequences for the ecosystem. As a result, its toxic presence in environmental water is a cause for serious concern. Therefore, the removal of wastewater is vital to preserving environmental quality. The adsorption process stands out among several water treatment techniques due to its low cost, efficiency, simplicity, selectivity, and recyclability. Thus, several adsorbents have been applied for the treatment of bromophenol blue-contaminated water via the adsorption technique. This review presents the adsorption of bromophenol blue onto bio-based adsorbents such as biomass, activated carbon, and biochar as well as other potent materials like nanoparticles, polymers, and composite. The isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanism of the adsorption process were all discussed. We also considered the regeneration of the adsorbents and their reusability in the treatment process. Moreover, research gaps in many aspects were discovered, and future research proposals were offered.

Automated summary

Bromophenol blue, a toxic dye widely used in various industries, causes significant water pollution and poses serious concerns for environmental water due to its presence. Adsorption process, with its low cost, efficiency, simplicity, selectivity, and recyclability, is an effective technique for treating bromophenol blue-contaminated water. This review discusses the adsorption of bromophenol blue onto bio-based adsorbents such as biomass, activated carbon, and biochar, as well as other materials like nanoparticles, polymers, and composites. The isotherm, kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanism of the adsorption process are examined, as well as the regeneration and reusability of the adsorbents.