Masticatory system-inspired microneedle theranostic platform for intelligent and precise diabetic management

Integrated systems for diabetic theranostics present advanced technology to regulate diabetes yet still have critical challenges in terms of accuracy, long-term monitoring, and minimal invasiveness. Inspired by the feature and functions of animal masticatory system, we presented a biomimetic microneedle theranostic platform (MNTP) for intelligent and precise management of diabetes. The MNTP was supported by a miniatured circuit, which used microneedle arrays for on-demand skin penetration, enabling interstitial fluid exudation for simultaneous detection of glucose and physiological ions, and subcutaneous insulin delivery. Interstitial fluid exudation enabled sensing in oxygen-rich environment via the incorporated epidermal sensor functionalized with hybrid carbon nanomaterials. This feature addressed the biosafety issues due to implanted electrodes and the oxygen-deficit issues in vivo. The MNTP was demonstrated to accurately detect glucose and ions and deliver insulin to regulate hyperglycemia. The biomimetic and intelligent features of the MNTP endowed it as a highly advanced system for diabetes therapy.

Automated summary

Integrated systems for diabetic theranostics face challenges in terms of accuracy and minimal invasiveness. Inspired by the animal masticatory system, researchers developed a biomimetic microneedle theranostic platform for intelligent and precise management of diabetes. This platform utilizes microneedles for skin penetration, simultaneous detection of glucose and physiological ions, and subcutaneous insulin delivery. The platform is equipped with an epidermal sensor functionalized with hybrid carbon nanomaterials, enabling sensing in an oxygen-rich environment.