Review
Polymer Science
Abdulrahman A. B. A. Mohammed, Abdoulhdi A. Borhana Omran, Zaimah Hasan, R. A. Ilyas, S. M. Sapuan
Summary: By replacing artificial materials with wheat plant components in biocomposite materials, the health and safety of materials can be improved, bringing practical benefits in different fields.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Reza Abdollahi Moghaddam, Mohammad Ali Hesarinejad, Fatemeh Javidi
Summary: This study fabricated thermoplastic wheat starch-sugarcane bagasse biocomposites using the melt mixing method and evaluated the effect of sorbitol:glycerol weight ratio and bagasse concentration on their physicomechanical properties. The results showed that increasing the weight ratio of sorbitol to glycerol and the concentration of bagasse significantly increased the tensile strength and modulus, while decreasing the elongation at break and equilibrium moisture content. Lower weight ratios of sorbitol to glycerol and lower bagasse concentrations led to higher initial moisture absorption rates and greater moisture absorption capacity. TGA analysis revealed improved thermal stability of the biocomposites with increased sorbitol:glycerol weight ratio and bagasse concentration. FTIR spectrum indicated an increase in hydrogen and polar bonds in the biocomposites compared to pure starch.
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. Z. Hazrati, S. M. Sapuan, M. Y. M. Zuhri, R. Jumaidin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of varying concentrations of sorbitol and glycerol on the properties of Dioscorea hispida starch-based films. The results showed that increasing plasticizer concentrations led to higher moisture contents, lower tensile strengths, and higher elongations at break. The thermal properties were minimally affected by the plasticizer concentrations, but significant decrease in glass transition temperatures was observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdulrahman A. B. A. Mohammed, Zaimah Hasan, Abdoulhdi A. Borhana Omran, Abdulhafid M. Elfaghi, Yasir Hassan Ali, Norie A. A. Akeel, R. A. Ilyas, S. M. Sapuan
Summary: The addition of sugar palm fiber to starch, polyvinyl alcohol based film has significantly improved the physical properties and thermal stability. However, the enhancement in mechanical properties is limited.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jun Fu, Mahafooj Alee, Mao Yang, Hongsheng Liu, Yanan Li, Zhongxian Li, Long Yu
Summary: Synergized multi-plasticizers were developed for starch-based edible film used in food packaging. Water, glycerol, and sorbitol were used to demonstrate the synergistic effect of combining different plasticizers. The characteristics of tensile properties were studied under different humidity conditions and for different storage times. The results showed that water, glycerol, and sorbitol have their own advantages as plasticizers, but their function can be enhanced when used together.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mostafa Shahmaleki, Faranak Beigmohammadi, Farnaz Movahedi
Summary: The performance of starch biocomposite is enhanced by optimizing the ratio of plasticizers and using cellulose as a reinforcement agent. The optimized composite shows excellent water vapor permeability, high strength, and good toughness.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liliana Woszczak, Karen Khachatryan, Magdalena Krystyjan, Teresa Witczak, Mariusz Witczak, Dorota Galkowska, Malgorzata Makarewicz, Gohar Khachatryan
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop two types of films based on chitosan and starch with nanostructures containing extracts from turmeric rhizomes and hibiscus flowers. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the presence of spherical nanostructures in the films. The structural and optical properties of the films were characterized using spectroscopy techniques. The presence of nano-/microstructures affected the mechanical properties of the films and improved their hydrophilic properties. Preliminary storage tests showed that the films are sensitive to changes occurring during the storage of food products and have the potential to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. The findings suggest that these bionanocomposites can be used as active and/or intelligent food packaging materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Azlin Fazlina Osman, Lilian Siah, Awad A. Alrashdi, Anwar Ul-Hamid, Ismail Ibrahim
Summary: By incorporating dolomite filler into thermoplastic starch matrix to form biocomposites, this study found that biocomposites with higher dolomite loading exhibited better mechanical properties, with further improvement observed in sonicated dolomite samples. Analysis using FTIR and XRD confirmed the enhancement in the properties of the biocomposites.
Review
Polymer Science
Abdulrahman A. B. A. Mohammed, Zaimah Hasan, Abdoulhdi A. Borhana Omran, V. Vinod Kumar, Abdulhafid M. Elfaghi, R. A. Ilyas, S. M. Sapuan
Summary: Biocomposite materials play an important role in environmental protection by replacing artificial plastic materials with natural substances. A comprehensive review of corn fiber and corn starch-based biocomposites revealed significant improvements and potential applications in terms of mechanical, thermal, and water resistance properties through plasticizing, chemical treatment, grafting, and cross-linker agent procedures.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fan Wang, Jinling Zhan, Rongrong Ma, Yaoqi Tian
Summary: In this study, curcumin, a water-insoluble bioactive compound, was successfully solubilized in an aqueous starch film solution using a solid dispersion based on steviol glycoside. The solubilization and film formation mechanisms were investigated through molecular dynamic simulation and characterization methods. The results showed that the combination of the amorphous state of curcumin and the micellar encapsulation of steviol glycoside achieved the solubilization of curcumin. The film formed by the cooperation of steviol glycoside and starch chains exhibited high flexibility, moisture barrier, and UV barrier properties, as well as improved release efficiency, antibacterial activity, and pH response sensitivity compared to the film containing curcumin alone. This study provides a green and facile strategy for integrating hydrophobic bioactive compounds into polysaccharide-based films.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Wantida Homthawornchoo, Jaejoon Han, Pimonpan Kaewprachu, Orapan Romruen, Saroat Rawdkuen
Summary: The study investigated the effects of green tea extract on rice-starch-pectin films. The results showed that the addition of green tea extract improved the antioxidation properties and thickness of the films. However, it also reduced the light transmission and transparency, and decreased the tensile strength and elongation at break of the films. The inclusion of green tea extract also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Juliana Both Engel, Claudia Leites Luchese, Isabel Cristina Tessaro
Summary: This study explored the use of cassava residues in producing foams, finding that pre-gelatinization can enhance the mechanical strength and elongation of biocomposites, while cassava inner bark can be used to create packaging materials with lower water absorption capacity. Additionally, skipping the pre-gelatinization step can increase production speed and reduce costs.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Luigi Botta, Rosalia Teresi, Vincenzo Titone, Giusi Salvaggio, Francesco Paolo La Mantia, Francesco Lopresti
Summary: Biocomposite blown films based on PBAT and BC were successfully fabricated, showing improved mechanical properties and hydrophobic behavior suitable for various applications. The addition of BC contributed to enhanced photo-oxidative resistance on PBAT.
Article
Polymer Science
Gabrijela Horvat, Klara Zvab, Zeljko Knez, Zoran Novak
Summary: In this research, ethyl cellulose films were prepared using a simple and controlled one-pot method, with either ethanol or ethyl lactate as solvents. The addition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles improved the oxygen and water vapor transmission rates of the films. The resulting films showed good mechanical properties and unique free-shapable properties. Contact angles and micrographs confirmed the hydrophobic nature and smooth surfaces of the films. The ethyl cellulose films prepared in ethyl lactate showed the lowest transmission rates and have potential for food packaging applications.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Basheer Aaliya, Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal Sunooj, Akhila Vijayakumar, Patel Krina, Muhammed Navaf, Plachikkattu Parambil Akhila, Pajjuru Raviteja, Sabah Mounir, Maximilian Lackner, Johnsy George, Monica R. Nemtanu
Summary: Talipot starch-based biocomposite films were prepared by incorporating plant mucilage derived from various sources. The addition of plant mucilage enhanced the crosslinking and relative crystallinity of the films. The biocomposite films exhibited similar structures to native starch films with finer corrugations. The moisture content decreased while thickness and opacity increased with the addition of plant mucilage. BSM-TSF showed the highest tensile strength among all biocomposite films and demonstrated improved thermal and biodegradation stability.
Review
Pediatrics
Christine E. Jones, Heather Bailey, Alasdair Bamford, Anna Calvert, Robert B. Dorey, Simon B. Drysdale, Asma Khalil, Paul T. Heath, Hermione Lyall, Kate Monica Isabel Ralph, Shari Sapuan, Tushna Vandrevala, Simone Walter, Elizabeth Whittaker, Sharon Wood
Summary: Congenital human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common condition with long-term consequences for children. However, it is not well-known among pregnant women, families, and healthcare providers. Timely diagnosis and treatment are important for reducing transmission and improving outcomes for infants. Further research is needed to inform screening, outcomes, and treatment decisions.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Faris M. AL-Oqla, S. M. Sapuan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of various structural and treatment parameters on the mechanical properties of low-cost biomaterials made from Mediterranean corn agro waste lignocellulosic fibers. The results show that the produced composites can enhance tensile strength, but increasing fiber content decreases the modulus of elasticity.
JOURNAL OF MATERIAL CYCLES AND WASTE MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Walid Abotbina, S. M. Sapuan, M. T. H. Sultan, M. F. M. Alkbir, R. A. Ilyas
Summary: The study examines the use of black seed fiber as a reinforcing material for cornstarch-based biocomposites. Different concentrations of black seed fiber and a plasticizer mixture were used to fabricate the biocomposites. The results showed that increasing the black seed fiber concentration improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the films, but decreased biodegradability. The addition of black seed fiber has the potential to enhance the performance of biopolymers in response to community needs and environmental concerns.
FIBERS AND POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nasmi Herlina Sari, Suteja, Sujita, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas, Eka Sari, Mavinkere Rangappa Sanjay, Suchart Siengchin
Summary: This paper investigates the thermal, tensile strength, and flexural strength properties of a polyester composite filled with hybrid Eichhornia crassipes (EGs) /aluminum oxide (Al2O3) particles. The results show that the tensile and bending strengths increase when the EGs content in the composite is in the range of 10-15%. The scanning electron microscope fracture morphology reveals a strong and tight interfacial connection between the EGs, Al2O3, and polyester layers. According to the findings, this hybrid composite can be used in automotive applications.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Mohd Shahneel Saharudin, R. A. Ilyas, Nuha Awang, Syafawati Hasbi, Islam Shyha, Fawad Inam
Review
Polymer Science
Abu Hassan Nordin, Siti Muhamad Nur Husna, Zuliahani Ahmad, Muhammad Luqman Nordin, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas, Ahmad Khusairi Azemi, Noraznawati Ismail, Nordin Hawa Siti, Norzita Ngadi, Mohammad Saifulddin Mohd Azami, Abdin Shakirin Mohamad Norpi, Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan, Abdinasir Yusuf Osman, Dyah Ayu Oktavianie A. Pratama, Walid Nabgan, Rumaizi Shaari
Summary: A key challenge in vaccine delivery is the poor immunogenicity and adverse inflammatory reactions. Various delivery methods, including natural-polymer-based carriers, have been used to improve immune response. Incorporating adjuvants or antigens into biomaterial-based immunizations enables better immune response. This review focuses on the recent applications of natural polymer composites in vaccine delivery systems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. D. Hazrol, S. M. Sapuan, R. A. Ilyas, E. S. Zainudin, M. Y. M. Zuhri, N. I. Abdul
Summary: This paper investigates the thermal and biodegradation behavior of kenaf/cornhusk fiber reinforced corn starch-based hybrid composites film. The results show that physically blended corn starch reinforced kenaf biocomposites films have faster biodegradation and improved thermal properties when cornhusk fiber is added. The study demonstrates the potential of corn starch hybrid films as a suitable biodegradable material for substituting synthetic plastic.
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Haja Syed Hussain, Mohd Ridzuan Mohd Jamir, Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid, S. M. Sapuan, Ferriawan Yudhanto, Aris Widyo Nugroho, Muhammad Faiz Hilmi Rani
Summary: In this study, the friction and wear properties of Furcraea foetida fiber-reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. The effect of fiber content on the tribological behavior of the composites was evaluated. The results showed that the composite with 50 vol% of fibers had the lowest frictional force and coefficient of friction (COF), while the composite with 60 vol% demonstrated the best wear resistance. This study provides valuable insights into the tribological behavior of the composites and identifies the optimal volume fractions for improved friction and wear performance.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Review
Acoustics
Robertus Wahyu N. Nugroho, Blaise L. Tardy, Sayed M. Eldin, R. A. Ilyas, Melbi Mahardika, Nanang Masruchin
Summary: Ultrasonication is an effective method for extracting and processing plant-based cellulose nanocrystals. It can optimize the properties of CNCs for the fabrication of sustainable materials. The parameters of ultrasonication, such as time, amplitude, and energy input, play a dominant role in reducing particle size and altering morphology. Furthermore, ultrasonication also impacts the dispersion state and surface chemistry of CNCs. This technology has important implications for the design of photonic materials using nanocrystal-based celluloses.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Saaed Abdullah Mousa, S. M. Sapuan, M. M. Harussani, Tarique Jamal, M. A. M. Azri, R. A. Ilyas, Muhammad Amin Azman, Vasi Uddin Siddiqui, Tahrim Rafin
Summary: The study aims to develop a biopolymer composite made of sugar palm fiber and cassava starch and investigate its physical and structural characteristics. The addition of sugar palm fiber improved the thickness, density, water content, and biodegradability of the material, but had no significant effect on the tensile properties of the composite films.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2023)
Review
Polymer Science
Pui San Khoo, R. A. Ilyas, M. N. A. Uda, Shukur Abu Hassan, A. H. Nordin, A. S. Norfarhana, N. H. Ab Hamid, M. S. A. Rani, Hairul Abral, M. N. F. Norrrahim, V. F. Knight, Chuan Li Lee, S. Ayu Rafiqah
Summary: Chemical and biological water contamination, including heavy metals, aromatic compounds, and dyes, has become a major concern in the past three decades. To address this issue, scientists are exploring the potential of starch as an environmentally friendly material for water remediation due to its non-toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Starch derivatives have shown effective adsorption capabilities for pollutants such as oil, organic solvents, pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, and pharmaceuticals, with removal rates exceeding 90%. However, further research is needed to optimize the technique before starch-based adsorbents can be widely used for large-scale wastewater treatment.
Article
Agronomy
Azizatul Karimah, Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat, Novitri Hastuti, Maya Ismayati, Riksfardini Anissa Ermawar, Asma Sohail, Apri Heri Iswanto, Harits Atika Ariyanta, R. A. Ilyas, Rudi Dungani, Widya Fatriasari
Summary: A study examined the effect of active alkali and sulfidity loading on the characteristics of kraft pulp produced from sweet sorghum bagasse. The results showed that the treated pulp had higher crystallinity and contained a higher carbohydrate content compared to untreated samples. This suggests that kraft pulping with variations in active alkali and sulfidity loading can be an alternative method for cellulose recovery.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Abu Hassan Nordin, Norzita Ngadi, Rushdan Ahmad Ilyas, Nur Aien Fatini Abd Latif, Muhammad Luqman Nordin, Mohd Syahlan Mohd Syukri, Walid Nabgan, Syafikah Huda Paiman
Summary: This study explores the use of spent tea waste extract (STWE) as a green modifying agent for chitosan adsorbent modification in aspirin removal. The optimal synthesis parameters for aspirin removal were determined using response surface methodology. The results showed that the surface chemistry and characteristics of chitosan were successfully improved by STWE. The chitosan adsorbent (chitotea) demonstrated high adsorption capacity for aspirin.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Tauseef Ahmed, Hamdan Haji Ya, Mohammad Azad Alam, Mohammad Azeem, M. Rehan Khan, S. M. Sapuan, Mohammad Yusuf, Junaid Afridi
Summary: This study investigates the influence of hybrid reinforcements, namely CaCO3 particles and bentonite nano clay, on the wear and friction properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE)-based composites. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in wear resistance, with the synthesized hybrid composite achieving a maximum improvement in wear rate of 93%. Morphological analysis reveals that the encapsulation and compatibilization effect of bentonite nano clay contribute to the improved wear performance. The prepared composite with enhanced tribological properties shows potential for use in low load-bearing wear applications such as turbo nanogenerators and piezo nanogenerators.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Abir Khan, S. M. Sapuan, J. Yusuf, Vasi Uddin Siddiqui, E. S. Zainudin, M. Y. M. Zuhri, B. T. Hang Tuah Baharuddin, Mubashshir Ahmad Ansari, A. Azim A. Rahman
Summary: This review covers the extraction of bamboo fiber, modification techniques of bamboo/PLA composites, challenges in their interfacial interaction, potential solutions to incompatibility issues, and applications of bamboo/PLA composites. It provides significant insights and suggestions for researchers and experts involved in the green composites field, leading to the development of sustainable materials for various applications.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)