Article
Environmental Sciences
Ulla Makkonen, Mika Vestenius, L. N. Huy, N. T. N. Anh, P. T. V. Linh, P. T. Thuy, H. T. M. Phuong, Huyen Nguyen, L. T. Thuy, Minna Aurela, Heidi Hell, Katja Loven, Rostislav Kouznetsov, Katriina Kyllo, Kimmo Teinila, N. T. Kim Oanh
Summary: The chemical composition of PM2.5 was monitored in Hanoi, Vietnam from August 2019 to July 2020. The annual average PM2.5 concentrations exceeded national and WHO limit values. Winter had the highest daily PM2.5 concentrations due to stagnant meteorological conditions. Organic matter, biomass burning, secondary inorganic aerosol, and coal combustion were identified as significant sources of PM2.5 pollution. Zinc was the most common trace element and often appeared with Cd, Cl-, and Pb, indicating industrial sources and/or coal combustion. Positive matrix factorization identified six main source factors: traffic, local secondary inorganic aerosol, biomass burning, industry, long-range transported SIA, and dust.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ta-Chih Hsiao, Po-Ching Cheng, Kai Hsien Chi, Hung-Yang Wang, Shih-Yu Pan, Ching Kao, Yueh-Lun Lee, Han-Pin Kuo, Kian Fan Chung, Hsiao-Chi Chuang
Summary: The study found that ambient PM2.5 is a direct transmission mode for influenza virus infection to the human alveolar epithelium. It demonstrated a correlation between chemicals in PM2.5 and the activity of influenza viruses in the atmosphere, highlighting the importance for establishing prevention and control strategies for influenza outbreaks.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuting Zhong, Youjiang He, Xia Li, Shuting Li, Maulen Ayitken, Xinchun Liu
Summary: In this study, PM2.5 filter membrane samples were continuously collected in Shihezi from December 2020 to January 2021. The analysis of various components revealed the pollution characteristics and sources of PM2.5. The results showed high PM2.5 mass concentrations in winter, with water-soluble inorganic ions, total carbon, and inorganic elements contributing significantly. The main pollution sources were identified as secondary sources, coal-burning sources, motor vehicle sources, industrial sources, and flying dust sources. The analysis also indicated that local pollutants in Manas and short-distance transport from the Urumqi-Changji Region were major contributors to winter pollution in Shihezi.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dejian Mai, Chengfang Xu, Weiwei Lin, Dingli Yue, Shaojie Fu, Jianqing Lin, Luan Yuan, Yan Zhao, Yuhong Zhai, Huiying Mai, Xiaoling Zeng, Tingwu Jiang, Xuejiao Li, Jiajia Dai, Boning You, Qin Xiao, Qing Wei, Qiansheng Hu
Summary: Maternal exposure to PM2.5 components and sources is significantly related to elevated risk for abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy. Specific chemical constituents and sources increase the risk for GDM and IGT, with exposures to elemental carbon, ammonium, iron, and manganese in the third trimester showing consistent associations with higher odds of GDM/IGT.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qinqin Yu, Jiumeng Liu, Yingjie Zhong, Xubing Cao, Yulong Wang, Yuan Cheng
Summary: The seasonal characteristics of PM2.5 in Harbin, China were studied. Winter had significantly higher PM2.5 concentrations compared to fall and spring. Secondary components were more dominant in winter, while the nitrate to sulfate ratios were lower. Nitrate played a more important role than sulfate in the growth of PM2.5. The sources of organic aerosol varied across seasons, with biomass burning and secondary formation contributing the most. Secondary formation was dominant during heavily-polluted periods in winter.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zeqiong Li, Boqing Wu, Wenjuan Wu
Summary: The swift urbanization in China during the past two decades has caused severe air pollution in the Sichuan Basin due to its unique topography as a basin surrounded by mountains. This paper investigated the spatiotemporal patterns of PM2.5 across eighteen cities in the Sichuan Basin and characterized a spatial association network using air monitoring and socioeconomic data. The findings show a significant reduction in PM2.5 emissions from 2015 to 2020, but challenges remain in reducing PM2.5 concentrations in the winter. The network analysis reveals a strengthening and weakening of intercity association over time, with Chengdu and Chongqing playing central roles.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nan Nan, Zhipeng Yan, Yaru Zhang, Rui Chen, Guohua Qin, Nan Sang
Summary: PM2.5 varies in source and composition and has significant regional variations in its health effects, including respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous system diseases, and cancer. Therefore, understanding the effect of PM2.5 on human health is critical. This review discusses the toxic effects of various PM2.5 components and its overall toxicity, as well as the synergistic effect of PM2.5 and other pollutants, providing a foundation for precise PM2.5 emission control and effective policy-making.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siwei Zhai, Jing Zeng, Yi Zhang, Jingfei Huang, Xuelin Li, Wei Wang, Tao Zhang, Ying Deng, Fei Yin, Yue Ma
Summary: Respiratory diseases are a major cause of global mortality. Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of respiratory death. This study examined the combined health effects of PM2.5 components in different regions of Sichuan, China, and identified the main hazardous components. BC and OM, mainly from traffic, were found to have the greatest adverse health effects on respiratory mortality, while NO3- might exacerbate the effects of BC/OM. It is important for vulnerable individuals to limit outdoor activities on heavily polluted days, especially during the cold season.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chirag Manchanda, Mayank Kumar, Vikram Singh, Mohd Faisal, Naba Hazarika, Ashutosh Shukla, Vipul Lalchandani, Vikas Goel, Navaneeth Thamban, Dilip Ganguly, Sachchida Nand Tripathi
Summary: The Government of India implemented a nationwide lockdown to combat COVID-19, resulting in reduced anthropogenic activities and improved air quality in Delhi. The study found that vehicular emissions, domestic coal combustion, and semivolatile oxygenated organic aerosol were severely impacted by the lockdown, while ozone levels and low-volatility oxygenated organic aerosols increased significantly. Other sources were influenced by meteorological conditions rather than the lockdown.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yanju Liu, Zheng Yang, Qingyang Liu, Xuekui Qi, Jingming Qu, Shumiao Zhang, Xinxin Wang, Kai Jia, Minghao Zhu
Summary: The study in suburban Beijing found that PM2.5 concentrations exceeded the national level-2 standard limit by 2.8 times, with higher levels observed in winter and autumn, dominated by organic compounds and ammonium salts. In spring, occasional high PM2.5 episodes were attributed to floating dust events caused by dry weather conditions and human activities.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shan Huang, Qicong Song, Weiwei Hu, Bin Yuan, Junwen Liu, Bin Jiang, Wei Li, Caihong Wu, Fan Jiang, Wei Chen, Xinming Wang, Min Shao
Summary: This study detected the presence of four low-molecular-weight amines in PM2.5 filter samples collected at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta region of China. The amine concentration accounted for 0.76% of PM2.5 mass concentrations, with methylamine being the dominant component. The amines were found to exist mainly as nitrate and sulfate salts, and were more prone to partition into the particle phase under high humidity conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cheol-Heon Jeong, Meguel Yousif, Greg J. Evans
Summary: Lockdown measures due to COVID-19 substantially affected air quality in many cities, with a 58% reduction in traffic volume but only a 4% decrease in PM2.5 relative to baselines. Major chemical components of PM2.5 showed seasonal changes, and reductions were observed in cooking emissions and non-tailpipe emissions. Tailpipe emissions dropped by approximately 54% and were associated with a reduced number of trucks.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanfan Ma, Wenxia Zheng, Xinbin Guo, Mulualem Tigabu, Futao Guo
Summary: The moisture content of forest floor fuels has a significant impact on the emissions of pollutants and water-soluble ions during forest fires. Coniferous species emit more pollutants than broadleaved species, and the combustion of leaf samples emits more carbonaceous components and water-soluble ions than branches. Fuel moisture content affects the inorganic salt composition in the emitted particulate matter.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yang Wang, Hongfei Cheng, Qinhong Hu, Luofu Liu, Lewei Hao
Summary: The study investigated the impact of diagenesis on pore systems in different lithofacies of Wufeng-Longmaxi shale from Sichuan Basin, China. Different lithofacies showed varying diagenetic pathways and evolution of pore systems under the same burial history. Diagenesis played a crucial role in determining the final status of the initial pore space and controlling the distribution of migrated OM, influencing the development of dominant OM pores in the entire pore spectrum.
MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zeyu Sun, Zheng Zong, Chongguo Tian, Jun Li, Rong Sun, Wenwen Ma, Tingting Li, Gan Zhang
Summary: This study developed a method to reapportion secondary sources of PM2.5 based on isotopic signals of nitrate, ammonium, and sulfate, and validated it using actual PM2.5 data in Beijing. After reapportionment, major sources of PM2.5 included vehicle exhausts, biomass burning, and industrial sources, showing good performance of the method.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pan Wu, Xiaojuan Huang, Junke Zhang, Bin Luo, Jinqi Luo, Hongyi Song, Wei Zhang, Zhihan Rao, Yanpeng Feng, Jianqiang Zhang
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinqi Luo, Junke Zhang, Xiaojuan Huang, Qin Liu, Bin Luo, Wei Zhang, Zhihan Rao, Yangchun Yu
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Junke Zhang, Xiaojuan Huang, Yangchun Yu, Qin Liu, Jianqiang Zhang, Hongyi Song, Yuesi Wang
Summary: The integrated use of single particle and bulk chemical analysis proved to be more effective in determining the sources and formation mechanisms of pollution. Different pollution episodes were identified in Chengdu's PM2.5 pollution, including combustion sources and vehicular emissions. Local emissions were found to be the dominant source of various species, with regional transport usually originating from the southwest or northeast of Chengdu.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yusi Liu, Guiqian Tang, Xiaojuan Huang, Ke Wei, Shuang Wu, Meng Wang, Yinghong Wang, Junke Zhang, Yuesi Wang
Summary: In the Sichuan Basin, the mixing layer height exhibits a bimodal seasonal variation pattern, influenced by the Western Pacific Subtropical High and South Asian High. Air pollution is mainly influenced by local contributions rather than atmospheric dilution capability, and the MLH varies from place to place as a meteorological index for air quality prediction.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaojuan Huang, Guiqian Tang, Junke Zhang, Baoxian Liu, Chao Liu, Jin Zhang, Leilei Cong, Mengtian Cheng, Guangxuan Yan, Wenkang Gao, Yinghong Wang, Yuesi Wang
Summary: Following the implementation of strict clean air policies in Beijing, the study found a decrease in PM2.5 concentration, with spring having the highest levels. Secondary nitrate and vehicular emissions were identified as the main sources of PM2.5. Contributions from coal combustion decreased significantly, while contributions from EC and NO3- increased during weekends.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jialin Deng, Luman Jiang, Wenwen Miao, Junke Zhang, Guiming Dong, Ke Liu, Juncheng Chen, Tong Peng, Yao Fu, Yunpei Zhou, Xue Huang, Mengqian Hu, Fang Wang, Lin Xiao
Summary: This study highlighted the impact of air pollution on ancient sites and cultural relicts by analyzing indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples at Jinsha Site Museum. The results showed higher levels of secondary organic carbon in outdoor PM2.5, with pollution mainly sourced from motor vehicles, dust, secondary sources, and combustion sources. Additionally, individual particles were found to be internally mixed, with specific categories identified such as organic matter, S-rich, soot, mineral, and fly ash/metal particles. Recommendations were made for pollution control measures to improve air quality and preserve cultural relicts in museums.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junke Zhang, Huan Li, Luyao Chen, Xiaojuan Huang, Wei Zhang, Rui Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on air quality in Chengdu, China using a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer and other instruments. The results showed a significant decrease in the concentrations of fine particulate matter, nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide, while ozone concentration increased during the lockdown period. The contributions of different particle types also changed after the lockdown began.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaojuan Huang, Junke Zhang, Wei Zhang, Guiqian Tang, Yuesi Wang
Summary: The study found that there are seasonal variations in NH3 concentrations in Chengdu, with higher levels in the warmer seasons. NH3 deficiency in winter may lead to an increase in nitrogen oxidation ratio and contribution to nitrate and PM2.5 loadings. Controlling local and regional NH3 and NOx emissions synergistically could effectively mitigate PM2.5 pollution in Chengdu.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Peng Xu, Yuan Yang, Junke Zhang, Wenkang Gao, Zirui Liu, Bo Hu, Yuesi Wang
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics, sources, and chemical processes of submicron aerosol in an urban site in Beijing based on real-time online measurements. The study found that organic aerosol was the largest contributor to submicron aerosol, and the concentration of submicron aerosol was nine times higher on heavily polluted days compared to clean days, with evident secondary formation of SNA.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junke Zhang, Qin Liu, Luyao Chen, Huan Li, Rui Zhao, Xiaojuan Huang, Wei Zhang, Yuesi Wang
Summary: This study used single particle aerosol mass spectrometry to measure EC-containing particles in Chengdu during three winters, revealing an increase in EC-N and EC-OC particles contribution while a decrease in EC-S and EC-SN particles contribution. Notably, EC-N particles became increasingly important for heavy pollution formation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Zhao, Dingye Wu, Junke Zhang
Summary: China has not officially established a carbon labeling system yet, with public perception towards it at a lower level. There is room for improvement in the existing carbon labeling scheme to enhance transparency and comparability.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Luyao Chen, Junke Zhang, Xiaojuan Huang, Huan Li, Guiming Dong, Shiying Wei
Summary: This study investigated the characteristics and pollution formation mechanism of fine particles in the atmosphere of Chengdu. The results showed that biomass burning and vehicle emissions were the major pollution sources, and dust and organic carbon particles made significant contributions to the increase of PM2.5 concentration. Additionally, the southwest region of Chengdu was identified as the most important potential source area.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Honglei Wang, Lijuan Shen, Junke Zhang, Xinyao Xie, Xiaobin Guan
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yali Lei, Ke Zhang, Yeyu Lu, Yiming Qin, Lijuan Li, Jianjun Li, Xiaodi Liu, Can Wu, Si Zhang, Yubao Chen, Junke Zhang, Fan Zhang, Gehui Wang
Summary: In this study, highly time-resolved brown carbon (BrC) in fine particles was investigated in Xi'an using offline aerosol mass spectrometer analysis. The results showed that the light absorption coefficient and mass absorption efficiency generally increased with oxygen-to-carbon ratios, nitrogen-to-carbon ratios, and water-soluble organic nitrogen, indicating the impact of oxidized organic aerosol and nitrogen-containing compounds on BrC light absorption. Furthermore, the study found that BrC in Xi'an was likely associated with biomass burning and secondary sources.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Youjung Jang, Hyejung Hu, Bomi Kim, Younha Kim, Seung-Jick Yoo, Kyungae Jang, Yoon-Kwan Kim, Hyungah Jin, Jung-Hun Woo
Summary: This study quantitatively analyzed the effects of climate and air pollutant reduction policies in Korea, demonstrating that these policies can lead to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollutants. The integrated model used in the study provides advantages for evaluating climate and air quality policies, and the findings offer valuable insights and data for policy development and assessment.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giuseppe Piras, Fabrizio Pini, Paolo Di Girolamo
Summary: This study assesses the contribution of tires to atmospheric PM10 pollution and finds that tire emissions of PM10 are larger than those from exhaust gases. It suggests the need for specific strategies to reduce tire emissions, such as producing lighter vehicles, using narrower wheels, and promoting public transportation.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Laura Vallecillos, Rosa Maria Marce, Francesc Borrull
Summary: This study focuses on the implementation of a gas chromatograph-photoionization detection (GC-PID) analyzer for the continuous monitoring of 1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) levels in urban and industrial atmospheres. The study found that the concentrations of 1,3-BD recorded by the GC-PID analyzer were comparable to those obtained by active sampling, and the concentration peaks showed consistency in values and time slots. In the test of urban atmospheres, the results showed that the concentrations of 1,3-BD were related to prevailing wind direction and activities in the petrochemical zone, while other factors had minor effects on the distribution of this pollutant.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ajay Kumar, Arun K. Attri
Summary: This study investigated the temporal profile and composition of PM10 over a 14-month period, and found significant variations between different seasons. The highest concentrations of PM10 were observed in summer and winter, exceeding the national limits. Water-soluble ionic species and n-alkanes contributed to the PM10 mass, with the highest concentration in winter and the lowest in the monsoon season. The ion balance study revealed a strong correlation between anion and cation charge equivalents, indicating their main contribution to PM10. The main sources of PM10 components were identified using statistical correlation, regression, and principal component analysis.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenny Martinez, Yris Olaya Morales, Prashant Kumar
Summary: The impact of bicycle lane designs on cyclist exposure to air pollution is a significant concern. This study found that in the city of Medellin, Colombia, the sections without dedicated bicycle lanes had the highest PM2.5 exposure and inhaled dose. Cyclists had higher PM2.5 exposure and inhaled dose during morning peak hours compared to evening peak and off-peak hours. Segregated cycling lanes on the sidewalk can considerably lower PM2.5 exposure and inhaled doses for cyclists.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Xu, Qingyang Liu, James J. Schauer
Summary: In this study, a quantitative method using dual-wavelength ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy was developed to analyze carbon black with amorphous structures and ordering in a graphene sheet. Water extracts of carbon black showed high oxidative potential, and the presence of water-soluble ions enhanced its oxidative potential. These findings can help mitigate health risks associated with nano-carbon black emissions.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhongmin Zhu, Hui Li, Shumin Fan, Wenfa Xu, Ruimin Fang, Boming Liu, Wei Gong
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between temperature inversions (TI) and aerosol vertical distribution in China. The results show that TI frequency, inversion strength (Delta T), and TI height (TIH) exhibit similar seasonal patterns across different regions in China. NC has a significantly higher TI frequency during summer, possibly due to the heating effect of black carbon aerosol. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) above the TIH is higher in spring and summer, indicating the presence of aerosol high-level transport over mainland China during these seasons. The study also finds that a strong inversion can suppress surface aerosols below the TI, but in regions with strong atmospheric stability, aerosols tend to accumulate above the TIH. These findings are valuable for understanding aerosol transport.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2024)
