Review
Oncology
Parisa Maleki Dana, Fatemeh Sadoughi, Zatollah Asemi, Bahman Yousefi
Summary: Osteosarcoma is a common primary bone tumor in children with unfavorable outcomes despite advances in treatment. Quercetin, a phytochemical compound, has shown promising anti-cancer effects in various cancers, including osteosarcoma, by affecting cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and chemotherapy resistance through regulating protein expression and signaling pathways.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Han Ki Lee, See-Hyoung Park, Myeong Jin Nam
Summary: MG132, derived from a Chinese medicinal plant, exhibited anti-proliferative effects, induced apoptosis and DNA damage in U2OS cells, suppressed the enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinases, cell migration and invasion, activated apoptotic signaling pathways, and downregulated the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk. These findings suggest MG132 has potential anticancer effects in osteosarcoma treatment.
HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiangde Li, Yun Liu, Shijie Liao, Chengsen Lin, Abu Moro, Jing Liu, Wenyu Feng, Kun Wang, Chunming Wang
Summary: The compound Polyphyllin VII extracted from Paris polyphylla can promote apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells by upregulating specific genes and affecting intracellular H2O2 levels. In addition, inhibition of autophagy can mitigate the apoptotic effect induced by Polyphyllin VII in U2OS cells.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Melike Tepe, Sebnem Abadan, Mehmet F. Saglam, Veysel Suzerer, Pelin Balcik Ercin, Devrim Atilla, Esma Erciyas Baykal, Mine Gul Seker, Tamer Yagci, Yelda Ozden ciftci
Summary: This study aims to use temporary immersion bioreactor systems to induce the production of shikonin derivatives from hairy root cultures, enabling large-scale in vitro production of this medicinal plant for drug synthesis and anticancer treatment.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Young-Sun Lee, Osung Kwon, Geuk-Rae Jeong, Junyeol Noh, Sung Eun Kim, Gwan-Su Yi, Eun Mi Hwang, Jae-Yong Park
Summary: The expression of TTYH1 is associated with the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. Silencing TTYH1 expression using siRNA significantly inhibits cell migration and invasion, as well as reduces the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers and matrix metalloproteinases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshikatsu Tsuji, Yusuke Maeda, Kenji Kita, Kazuhiro Murakami, Hideyuki Saya, Hirofumi Takemura, Noriyuki Inaki, Masanobu Oshima, Hiroko Oshima
Summary: The study found that FOXO3 displays different expression patterns in different subtypes of gastric cancer: in FOXO3-Cyt gastric cancer cells, activation of mutant FOXO3 leads to nuclear accumulation and growth inhibition, while inhibition of the PI3K-AKT pathway also suppresses proliferation in this type of gastric cancer cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juhyeon Son, Sang Yeol Lee
Summary: Emetine exhibits significant anticancer and antimetastatic effects on human osteosarcoma cells through various cellular mechanisms, including inhibition of cell viability and proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and suppression of migration and invasion. It also affects the activities of matrix metalloproteinases and signaling pathways related to apoptosis and expression of matrix metalloproteinases. Emetine shows potential as a promising drug candidate for chemotherapy of osteosarcoma.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fei Wang, Peng Wu, Siying Qin, Yushan Deng, Pan Han, Xiao Li, Caixin Fan, Ying Xu
Summary: Curcin C inhibits the proliferation of U2OS cells by inducing cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M phase, promoting apoptosis and autophagy through activating JNK signaling pathway and blocking ERK signal pathway by promoting ROS accumulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jiebing Zhao, Hao Tian, Fusheng Shang, Tao Lv, Dagui Chen, Jianjun Feng
Summary: This study fabricated different anti-cancer drug-eluted chitosan microspheres for combination therapy of osteosarcoma. The microspheres showed significant inhibition of cell growth and migration, as well as increased apoptosis. The drug-eluted chitosan microspheres have great potential for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL BIOMATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Birgit Lohberger, Dietmar Glaenzer, Heike Kaltenegger, Nicole Eck, Andreas Leithner, Rudolf Bauer, Nadine Kretschmer, Bibiane Steinecker-Frohnwieser
Summary: Shikonin and its derivatives show dose-dependent inhibition of chondrosarcoma cell viability, induce cell cycle arrest, and modulate protein and gene expression. They downregulate survivin and XIAP expression and upregulate Noxa, γH2AX, cleaved caspase, and PARP expression, as well as modulate the expression of various death receptors. Furthermore, shikonin derivatives affect the phosphorylation pattern of the MAPK signaling pathway and its downstream gene regulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Heui Min Lim, Jongsung Lee, Seon Hak Yu, Myeong Jin Nam, Hyo Sun Cha, Kyungmoon Park, Yung-Hun Yang, Kyu Yun Jang, See-Hyoung Park
Summary: The research indicates that acetylshikonin exhibits cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on renal cell carcinoma cells, mediated by increasing intracellular ROS levels, activating FOXO3, and inhibiting CYP2J2 expressions. This offers a potential therapeutic option for renal cell carcinoma treatment by targeting FOXO3 and CYP2J2.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamad Zahid Kasiram, Hermizi Hapidin, Hasmah Abdullah, Nor Munira Hashim, Ahmad Azlina, Sarina Sulong
Summary: The study found that tannic acid and cisplatin exhibited cytotoxic effects on U2OS cells, with a combination of TA and cisplatin triggering synergistic or antagonistic interactions at different percentage ratios. Cells treated with the combination showed significant antiproliferative effects and morphological changes.
PHARMACOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chang Min Lee, Jongsung Lee, Mi-Ae Kang, Hee Taek Kim, Jongbok Lee, Kyungmoon Park, Yung-Hun Yang, Kyu Yun Jang, See-Hyoung Park
Summary: Linifanib has been shown to efficiently inhibit receptor tyrosine kinases, and in this study, its anti-cancer effects in ovarian cancer were investigated. Linifanib was found to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in SKOV3 cells, as well as cause DNA damage and increase intracellular ROS levels.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sima Hajiahmadi, Shahrokh Lorzadeh, Rosa Iranpour, Saeed Karima, Masoumeh Rajabibazl, Zahra Shahsavari, Saeid Ghavami
Summary: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a deadly brain tumor and current chemotherapy strategies are not very effective. In this study, a combination therapy of temozolomide (TMZ), simvastatin, and acetylshikonin was found to induce more cell death in GBM cell lines by damaging the mitochondria. In addition, inhibiting autophagy sensitized GBM cells to the triple combination treatment. This research may open new avenues for the treatment of GBM patients in the long term.
Article
Cell Biology
Heui Min Lim, Jongsung Lee, Myeong Jin Nam, See-Hyoung Park
Summary: Acetylshikonin demonstrates cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against colorectal cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, increasing ROS levels, and causing DNA damage through the translocation of FOXO3 to the nucleus.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Kathryn Page, Walter Westerink, Kristie Sullivan, Thomas McDonald, Clive Roper
Summary: This study developed a new method to assess the skin irritation of antimicrobial cleaning products. The method utilized a more human-like model and demonstrated its effectiveness through comparison with in vivo rabbit skin irritation data.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Arupam Patra, Thirukumaran Kandasamy, Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh, Gurvinder Kaur Saini
Summary: This study successfully produced recombinant anisoplin and demonstrated its significant anti-cancer effect and ability to induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells. The activation of related signaling pathways may be the key to cell death.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Thomas Haller, Alexander Jesacher, Alberto Hidalgo, Christina Schmidt
Summary: This study used live cell imaging to observe the accumulation of amiodarone in primary rat alveolar type II cells, and found that it specifically accumulates in lamellar bodies. The uptake is rapid, while storage is persistent. The main mechanisms for intracellular bioaccumulation of amiodarone are proposed to be passive diffusion, ion-trapping, and lipophilic interactions.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Filiz Bakar-Ates, Erva Ozkan
Summary: This study investigated the ferroptotic effect of CuB in breast cancer cells and evaluated its combination with erastin, a ferroptosis inducer. The results showed that the combination treatment significantly activated the ferroptotic pathways and altered the expression of iron-related proteins in breast cancer cells.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Rachel Z. Bennie, Ian C. Shaw
Summary: Estrogen mimics are synthetic and naturally occurring compounds that can interact with estrogen receptors in animals. In vitro transactivation reporter gene assay and in silico molecular modelling can be used to predict the mimicry of these compounds, reducing reliance on animal studies.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Sevda Isik, Semra Cicek
Summary: This study found that high doses of riboflavin can cause cytotoxicity in rainbow trout gonad cells and affect the transcriptional expressions of antioxidant enzymes and growth and reproductive genes, potentially leading to DNA damage and cell death.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Ying Wang, Jie Wu, Mengqi Wan, Dou Yang, Fasheng Liu, Kehao Li, Manxin Hu, Yuanyuan Tang, Huiqiang Lu, Shouhua Zhang, Yuanzhen Xiong
Summary: m-Cresol is commonly used as an intermediate for pesticides and other industrial applications. This study investigated the hepatotoxicity of m-cresol using zebrafish larvae and explored its molecular mechanisms. The results suggest that m-cresol may induce liver damage in zebrafish larvae through oxidative stress and cell apoptosis pathways.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)
Article
Toxicology
Vincent J. Manna, Shannon Dwyer, Vanessa Pizutelli, Salvatore J. Caradonna
Summary: The widespread use of electronic cigarettes and the emergence of a new illness have raised concerns about the effects of e-cigarette vapor on respiratory tissues. Researchers have developed a simple device to mimic the response of human airway tissue after long-term exposure to e-cigarette vapor, and have identified differences in the effects of different vapor compositions on airway tissue.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2024)