Article
Biology
Tamara S. Rodems, Erika Henninger, Charlotte N. Stahlfeld, Cole S. Gilsdorf, Kristin N. Carlson, Madison R. Kircher, Anupama Singh, Timothy E. G. Krueger, David J. Beebe, David F. Jarrard, Douglas G. McNeel, Michael C. Haffner, Joshua M. Lang
Summary: Loss of HLA-I gene expression in prostate cancer is associated with repressive chromatin states, which can be reversed by pharmacological inhibition of DNMT and HDAC, leading to increased activation of CD8+ T-cells. HLA-I expression is epigenetically regulated by DNA methylation and chromatin modifications.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah S. Wang, Jihao Xu, Keely Y. Ji, Chang-Il Hwang
Summary: Pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), is a significant cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. While genetic mutations driving PDA initiation and progression have been identified, the mechanisms underlying PDA metastasis remain elusive. It is suggested that epigenetic fluctuations may play a critical role in driving PDA metastasis.
Article
Oncology
Yoshikuni Inokawa, Masamichi Hayashi, Shahnaz Begum, Maartje G. Noordhuis, Daivd Sidransky, Joseph Califano, Wayne Koch, Mariana Brait, William H. Westra, Mohammad O. Hoque
Summary: AGTR1 and FHIT methylation can serve as suitable detection markers for OPSCCs derived from the HPV-infected field, showing associations with p16-positive and RB-negative phenotypes. These markers have high sensitivity and are linked to better overall survival outcomes.
Article
Dermatology
Amy R. Vandiver, Brandon J. Thomas, Mohammad Karimzada, Byron C. Knowles, Giovanni A. Botten, Roberto Spreafico, Jeremy N. Rotman, Nima M. Gharavi, Cameron Chesnut, Kevin Wesel, Serghei Mangul, Teresa Soriano, Philip O. Scumpia
Summary: RNA sequencing showed no HPV transcriptional activity in high-risk cuSCC samples, despite 64% of samples testing positive for HPV DNA, indicating that HPV transcription does not play a significant role in differentiating high-risk cuSCCs from low-risk cuSCCs or normal skin.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Valencia-Ortega, Renata Saucedo, Martha A. Sanchez-Rodriguez, Jose G. Cruz-Duran, Edgar G. Ramos Martinez
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic complication in pregnancy, involving various factors in its pathophysiology. Studies have observed that alterations in DNA methylation patterns and certain microRNA levels are related to the disease characteristics, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Roberta Romano, Francesca Cillo, Cristina Moracas, Laura Pignata, Chiara Nannola, Elisabetta Toriello, Antonio De Rosa, Emilia Cirillo, Emma Coppola, Giuliana Giardino, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Andrea Riccio, Claudio Pignata
Summary: The epigenome plays a crucial role in fine-tuning gene transcription by bridging environmental factors and the genome. It involves various intricate changes, such as DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, histone modifications, and RNA processing, which regulate physiological processes in development, maturation, and maintenance of cellular identity and function. Recent studies on genome-wide DNA methylation data have shed new light on the potential contribution of epigenetics in the pathophysiology of the immune system and host defense. Understanding environment-genome interactions through the study of patients with mutations in genes encoding for epigenetic machinery has provided insights and potential therapeutic options.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jibran Sualeh Muhammad, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Sutherland K. Maciver, Ahmad M. Alharbi, Hasan Alfahemi, Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
Summary: Since the discovery of antibiotics, humans have benefited from decreased morbidity and mortality associated with bacterial infections. However, the misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacterial infections, which is a major health concern. Bacteria exposed to inappropriate levels of antibiotics undergo genetic changes that enable them to survive in the host and become more resistant.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily Catherine Cheung, Matthew Wyatt Kay, Kathryn Jaques Schunke
Summary: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea has negative impacts on health and behavior in childhood, as well as increasing the risk for chronic adult diseases. There is growing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms may play a significant role in the development of adult diseases originating from early life insults.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fouzieh Salimi, Gholamreza Asadikaram, Mohammad Reza Ashrafi, Hamid Zeynali Nejad, Moslem Abolhassani, Mojtaba Abbasi-Jorjandi, Mojgan Sanjari
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) on the promoter methylation of tumor-suppressor genes and histone modifications in thyroid nodules. The results showed that Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients had higher TSHR methylation and lower P16 methylation compared to benign thyroid nodule (BTN) patients. OCPs increased the methylation of TSHR and P16, and decreased the acetylation of H3K9, H4K16, and H3K18 in PTC patients. Conclusion: OCPs contribute to PTC progression by promoting TSHR hypermethylation and decreasing H3K9 and H4K16 acetylation. Assessing TSHR methylation and H3K9, H4K16 acetylation could be predictive in PTC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Alexandros Pergaris, Kleio Vrettou, Stamatios Theocharis, Constantinos Troungos
Summary: Thymic Epithelial Neoplasms (TENs) are commonly observed tumors in the thymus gland. Epigenetic modifications, including non-coding RNA clusters and altered gene methylation, are implicated in the tumorigenesis of TENs and may serve as potential biomarkers. Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors have shown promising antitumor effects in clinical trials and could be effective epigenetic therapeutic agents for TENs. However, further studies in larger patient cohorts are required to validate the clinical utility and safety of novel epigenetic agents in the treatment of TENs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Liliana Montella, Mariella Cuomo, Nunzio Del Gaudio, Michela Buonaiuto, Davide Costabile, Roberta Visconti, Teodolinda Di Risi, Roberta Vinciguerra, Federica Trio, Sara Ferraro, Guglielmo Bove, Gaetano Facchini, Lucia Altucci, Lorenzo Chiariotti, Rosa Della Monica
Summary: This article reviews the druggable epigenetic features of glioblastomas and discusses the corresponding targeted therapies and their potential efficacy. It emphasizes the recent technological improvements that allow routine investigation of many glioblastoma epigenetic biomarkers in clinical practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carolin Czauderna, Alicia Poplawski, Colm J. O'Rourke, Darko Castven, Benjamin Perez-Aguilar, Diana Becker, Stephanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Margarete Odenthal, Wafa Amer, Marcel Schmiel, Uta Drebber, Harald Binder, Dirk A. Ridder, Mario Schindeldecker, Beate K. Straub, Peter R. Galle, Jesper B. Andersen, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, Young Nyun Park, Jens U. Marquardt
Summary: The study revealed epigenetic alterations at different stages of primary liver cancer through genome-wide methylome and transcriptome analyses. Integrative molecular changes were identified, involving apoptosis, immune regulation, and stemness pathways in early HCC, while late changes focused on cell survival, proliferation, and invasion. The findings provide potential therapeutic targets for novel approaches in treating liver cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinyue Zhang, Yan Cong, Zhaowei Chu, Linjing Shi, Yi Zheng, Qiang Zhao, Songmei Geng, Kun Guo
Summary: The study found that aberrant TET2 led to hypermethylation of the RAR beta promoter, which contributed to the deficiency of RAR beta in CSCC. Increasing the expression of TET2 could reverse promoter hypermethylation, increase the expression of RAR beta, and enhance tumor cells' sensitivity to retinoic acid treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Fang Fang, Linran Zhou, Wei Perng, Carmen J. Marsit, Anna K. Knight, Andres Cardenas, Max T. Aung, Marie-France Hivert, Izzuddin M. Aris, Jaclyn M. Goodrich, Alicia K. Smith, Abigail Gaylord, Rebecca C. Fry, Emily Oken, George O'Connor, Douglas M. Ruden, Leonardo Trasande, Julie B. Herbstman, Carlos A. Camargo Jr, Nicole R. Bush, Anne L. Dunlop, Dana M. Dabelea, Margaret R. Karagas, Carrie V. Breton, Carole Ober, Todd M. Everson, Grier P. Page, Christine Ladd-Acosta
Summary: This study assessed the accuracy of pediatric epigenetic clocks in determining gestational and chronological age. The findings showed that different clocks performed differently in different tissue types, providing valuable guidance for future research and development of epigenetic clocks in pediatric samples.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Gina Pacella, Brian C. Capell
Summary: With the ageing population and increased recreational sun exposure and immunosuppression, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is a significant clinical and economic issue. Despite advances in therapy, new research suggests that epigenetic and metabolic dysregulation may be critical contributors to cSCC pathogenesis and potential therapeutic approaches.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
