Article
Plant Sciences
Ruidong Qin, Yumei Hu, Huan Chen, Qingguo Du, Juan Yang, Wen-Xue Li
Summary: The expression of miR408 is strongly repressed by salt stress in maize. Overexpression of MIR408b enhances salt sensitivity in maize by influencing sodium efflux, lignin accumulation, and vascular bundle development. Additionally, miR408 negatively regulates salt tolerance by affecting the expression of cell wall biogenesis genes under salt conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yadi Liu, Shan Cao, Xiatong Liu, Ying Li, Bing Wang, Yu Sun, Chong Zhang, Xiaorui Guo, Hui Li, Hai Lu
Summary: PtrLAC16 is a crucial Populus laccase that directly affects the polymerization of lignin monomers, especially sinapyl alcohol lignin, and plays a significant role in the formation of xylem cell walls in Populus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Holly Allen, Leo Zeef, Kris Morreel, Geert Goeminne, Manoj Kumar, Leonardo D. Gomez, Andrew P. Dean, Axel Eckmann, Cinzia Casiraghi, Simon J. McQueen-Mason, Wout Boerjan, Simon R. Turner
Summary: Woody plant material has the potential to produce biofuels and other bio-based products with favorable CO(2) emissions. Recent research demonstrated the use of flexible moldable wood to generate novel structural materials. The Apple rubbery wood (ARW) disease causes increased flexibility in woody stems due to a viral infection. The symptoms of ARWV infections arise from reduced lignification in the secondary cell wall of xylem fibers, resulting in increased wood digestibility. The downregulation of PAL, the enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis, and the accumulation of PAL-derived vasiRNAs contribute to the altered lignin in the infected wood.
Article
Microbiology
Nadia Sufdar Ali, Fang Huang, Wensheng Qin, Trent Chunzhong Yang
Summary: This study successfully isolated a promising gamma-proteobacterial strain, Serratia proteamaculans AORB19, which naturally secreted a significant amount of laccase enzyme from decomposed wood samples. The cultural parameters for laccase production were identified and optimized, leading to a 6-fold increase in laccase production compared to initial conditions. The results suggest the potential of the identified strain and its enzymes for the valorization of lignocellulosic wastes.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qiqi Wei, Ying Yang, Hui Li, Zhiwen Liu, Rong Fu, Hanqian Feng, Chao Li
Summary: In angiosperms, the stability of pollen tube cell walls is regulated by AtGT11, a MUR3 homolog involved in xyloglucan galactosyltransferase activity. Xylosylation of xyloglucan side chains plays a dominant role in cell wall mechanics, while galactosylation finely modifies the mechanical properties of the cell wall.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nathan Bryant, Wellington Muchero, Rachel A. Weber, Jaime Barros, Jin-Gui Chen, Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Yunqiao Pu, Arthur J. Ragauskas
Summary: The study found that the lignin content in the cell wall of Populus was significantly increased in the region infected by Septoria, and the composition of lignin in the infected region was also different. These results provide important insights into the wood characteristic changes of Populus during Septoria infection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ksenija Radotic, Daniela Djikanovic, Aleksandar Kalauzi, Gordana Tanasijevic, Vuk Maksimovic, Jelena Dragisic Maksimovic
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between silicon and lignin formation in plant cell walls. The results showed that silicon binds to the final polymer and affects its structure. Silicon may inhibit the formation of larger lignin fragments by binding to dimers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Nathalie Boure, Alexis Peaucelle, Magali Goussot, Bernard Adroher, Ludivine Soubigou-Taconnat, Nero Borrega, Eric Biot, Zakia Tariq, Marie-Laure Martin-Magniette, Veronique Pautot, Patrick Laufs, Nicolas Arnaud
Summary: Boundary domains play critical roles in plant development by regulating organ growth and morphogenesis through cell growth repression and modulation of cell wall properties. This study reveals the involvement of SPY and CUC2 in leaf boundary domain development, as they repress a common set of genes involved in cell wall loosening. Atomic force microscopy confirms that boundary domain cells have stiffer cell walls compared to marginal outgrowth.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Jasmina Kurepa, Jan A. Smalle
Summary: This article discusses the role of the extensin protein SAE1 in leaf senescence in tomatoes, and how it is targeted by the ubiquitin ligase SINA4.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hannah M. Tetreault, Tammy Gries, Sarah Liu, John Toy, Zhanguo Xin, Wilfred Vermerris, John Ralph, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Scott E. Sattler
Summary: The Bmr30 gene mutation results in significantly reduced CHI activity, impaired accumulation of total flavonoids and total anthocyanins. In the bmr30 mutants, the level of the flavone lignin monomer tricin was reduced 20-fold in the stem relative to wild type, and to undetectable levels in the leaf tissue of the mutants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuan Ma, Kristoffer Jonsson, Bibek Aryal, Lieven De Veylder, Olivier Hamant, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
Summary: Endoreplication is a conserved mechanism that regulates cell and organ size by increasing nuclear DNA content. In this study, the researchers found that endoreplication asymmetry, under the control of an auxin gradient, is required for prolonged tissue folding in Arabidopsis. They also identified a molecular pathway linking endoreplication levels to cell size through cell wall remodeling and stiffness modulation. The findings provide insights into the complex relationship between endoreplication and size control.
Review
Plant Sciences
Kouki Yoshida, Shingo Sakamoto, Nobutaka Mitsuda
Summary: "To mitigate the effects of global warming and preserve fossil fuel resources, increased exploitation of plant-based materials and fuels is necessary. This review discusses recent advances in engineering plant cell walls through genetic manipulations, focusing on wild-type and mutant-based approaches. Genome-editing technologies have made mutant-based cell wall engineering feasible, paving the way for artificial wood production via complex genetic manipulations."
PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiahui Wei, Lizhen Wang, Shengcheng Zhai, Huamin Zhai, Hao Ren
Summary: The study investigated the depolymerization and dissolution of naked oat stem cell wall in subcritical water conditions, revealing the potential of naked oat stems as raw materials for green biorefinery. Results showed that lignin and hemicellulose removal rates were highest at 190 degrees Celsius, with substantial removal achieved. This research provides insight into overcoming the resistance of lignocellulosic biomass composite cell walls to depolymerization in a single green solvent.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongcheng Zhao, Nan Sun, Lin Huang, Ruyi Qian, Xianyong Lin, Chengliang Sun, Yongguan Zhu
Summary: The molecular mechanism of root development mediated by the beneficial bacterium Azospirillum brasilense is not fully understood. A. brasilense induces extensive transcriptional changes but inhibits primary root elongation in Arabidopsis. Through analysis of root cell type-specific markers, it was found that A. brasilense does not alter the overall organization or cell division of the primary root meristem. The inhibition of root elongation is primarily due to the reduction of cell elongation, which is caused by bacterially activated peroxidase leading to cell wall cross-linking. The activation of peroxidase, in combination with the downregulation of cell wall loosening enzymes, results in an increase in cell wall thickness.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaofei Dang, Bei Zhang, Chen Li, Shingo Nagawa
Summary: This study identified the FvNST1b gene as a positive regulator of secondary cell wall formation in woodland strawberry. Overexpression of FvNST1b in Arabidopsis resulted in extreme dwarfism and ectopic thickening of secondary walls.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Leonard Blaschek, Nuoendagula Nuoendagula, Zoltan Bacsik, Shinya Kajita, Edouard Pesquet
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Horvath, Emily B. Josephs, Edouard Pesquet, John R. Stinchcombe, Stephen Wright, Douglas Scofield, Tanja Slotte
Summary: This study focused on identifying functional noncoding regions in Capsella grandiflora and estimating selection pressures on these regions. Results showed that these regions harbor a significant amount of weakly and strongly deleterious mutations, shedding light on the role of selection in evolutionary processes.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Leonard Blaschek, Edouard Pesquet
Summary: The metabolism of polyphenolic polymers is crucial for the development and response to environmental changes in organisms, with particular diversity observed in plants. Phenoloxidases, such as laccases, play a key role in polyphenolic metabolism and exhibit diverse functional roles and structures. Understanding the differences and similarities between phenoloxidases provides insights into their evolutionary trajectories and importance for plant metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Yu, Mingjun Liu, Zhangsheng Zhu, Aiming Wu, Fabien Mounet, Edouard Pesquet, Jacqueline Grima-Pettenati, Hua Cassan-Wang
Summary: This study investigates the role of the non-canonical paralog member EgrIAA20 in wood formation. The overexpression of EgrIAA20 in Arabidopsis inhibits the development of secondary fibers, affecting cell wall lignification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juanita Gutierrez-Valencia, Marco Fracassetti, Emma L. Berdan, Ignas Bunikis, Lucile Soler, Jacques Dainat, Verena E. Kutschera, Aleksandra Losvik, Aurelie Desamore, P. William Hughes, Alireza Foroozani, Benjamin Laenen, Edouard Pesquet, Mohamed Abdelaziz, Olga Vinnere Pettersson, Bjorn Nystedt, Adrian C. Brennan, Juan Arroyo, Tanja Slotte
Summary: This study characterized the genetic architecture and evolution of the distyly supergene in Linum, showing that hemizygosity and thrum-specific expression of S-linked genes are major features. Structural variation plays a key role in recombination suppression, and S-linked genes are under purifying selection. These findings provide insights into the origin and maintenance of floral polymorphism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Delphine Menard, Leonard Blaschek, Konstantin Kriechbaum, Cheng Choo Lee, Henrik Serk, Chuantao Zhu, Alexander Lyubartsev, Nuoendagula, Zoltan Bacsik, Lennart Bergstrom, Aji Mathew, Shinya Kajita, Edouard Pesquet
Summary: Different vascular cell types control their lignin biochemistry to adjust their biomechanics and hydraulic properties to face developmental and environmental constraints.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Stefano Papazian, Camille Fornaroli, Benilde Bonnefille, Edouard Pesquet, Hongyu Xie, Jonathan W. Martin
Summary: This study investigates a new passive air sampling method for analyzing the composition of airborne gases and particles using high-resolution mass spectrometry. By utilizing low-cost silicone foam material, a wide range of pollutants in indoor environments were successfully collected. This method could be applied in future research to better understand air exposure and contaminant sources.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gustav B. Pedersen, Leonard Blaschek, Kristian E. H. Frandsen, Lise C. Noack, Staffan Persson
Summary: All plant cells have cell walls that provide cohesion, protection, and directional growth to plants. Cellulose microfibrils are the main biomechanical scaffold in these walls. Recent technological advances have greatly improved our understanding of the machinery and regulation of cellulose biosynthesis. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the structure, function, and regulation of cellulose synthesis machinery, highlights knowledge gaps, and outlines emerging approaches to fill those gaps.