Article
Oncology
Kelly J. Yu, Wan-Lun Hsu, Chun-Ju Chiang, Tseng-Cheng Chen, Zhiwei Liu, Pei-Jen Lou, Scott Diehl, Alisa M. Goldstein, Chien-Jen Chen, Cheng-Ping Wang, Allan Hildesheim
Summary: This study reassessed familial aggregation of cancer in high-risk Taiwanese multiplex families with NPC cases and found evidence of NPC coaggregation within families, but not a broader familial syndrome involving NPC and other tumors. The study also observed elevated rates of secondary cancers among NPC cases, mostly head and neck and hematopoietic cancers, suggesting radiation treatment effects on subsequent cancer risk.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel G. Sausen, Maimoona S. Bhutta, Elisa S. Gallo, Harel Dahari, Ronen Borenstein
Summary: EBV is often latent in immunocompetent individuals, but perturbations in the host immune system can lead to viral reactivation and various related illnesses. Understanding the interaction between the virus, stress, and the immune system is crucial for effective treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoxu Li, Yinlin Guo, Minmin Xiao, Wenling Zhang
Summary: Tumor cells are capable of evading immune system surveillance, favoring tumor invasion, metastasis, treatment resistance, and recurrence. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) contributes to a suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), characterized by the co-existence of EBV-infected NPC cells and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Understanding the interaction between EBV and NPC host cells and the immune escape mechanisms in the TME could lead to the identification of specific immunotherapy targets and the development of effective immunotherapy drugs.
Article
Cell Biology
San Xu, Zhuan Zhou, Xingzhi Peng, Xuxiu Tao, Peijun Zhou, Kun Zhang, Jinwu Peng, Dan Li, Liangfang Shen, Lifang Yang
Summary: Studies have shown that LMP1 enhances autophagy by upregulating BNIP3 expression, leading to increased radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Through the ERK/HIF1α signaling axis, LMP1 promotes the binding of BNIP3 to Beclin1 and competitively reduces the binding of Bcl-2 to Beclin1, thereby upregulating autophagy. Knockdown of BNIP3 reduces radioresistance mediated by protective autophagy, highlighting its crucial role in LMP1-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells' protection against irradiation.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Wenting Li, Xiaobing Duan, Xingxing Chen, Meixiao Zhan, Haichuan Peng, Ya Meng, Xiaobin Li, Xian-Yang Li, Guofu Pang, Xiaohui Dou
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first tumor virus in humans, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) accounts for 60% of new tumor cases caused by EBV worldwide annually. Over 90% of patients with undifferentiated NPC are infected with EBV. Immunotherapy has shown significant breakthroughs in the treatment of recurrent or metastatic NPC, providing a broad prospect for NPC immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hsin-Pai Li, Chen-Yang Huang, Kar-Wai Lui, Yin-Kai Chao, Chun-Nan Yeh, Li-Yu Lee, Yenlin Huang, Tung-Liang Lin, Yung-Chia Kuo, Mei-Yuan Huang, Yi-Ru Lai, Yuan-Ming Yeh, Hsien-Chi Fan, An-Chi Lin, Jason Chia-Hsun Hsieh, Kai-Ping Chang, Chien-Yu Lin, Hung-Ming Wang, Yu-Sun Chang, Cheng-Lung Hsu
Summary: The EGF-EGFR pathway was highly activated in very young patients with recurrent or metastatic NPC, leading to poor clinical outcomes. EGFR inhibitors and a cell cycle blocker showed promising results in reducing NPC cell and PDX tumor growth, with combination treatment demonstrating an additive suppression effect. High EGFR expression was correlated with poor survival in metastatic NPC patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiao Guan, Dan Yu, Mengjie HuangFu, Zhiyi Huang, Tong Dou, Yisa Liu, Luwei Zhou, Xumei Li, Lin Wang, Haiping Liu, Juan Wang, Xu Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that curcumol inhibits invasion and metastasis of EBV-positive NPC cells by targeting NCL, which further regulates related signaling pathways, providing a new pharmacological basis for clinical treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Praphatson Malat, Tipaya Ekalaksananan, Chukkris Heawchaiyaphum, Supawadee Suebsasana, Sittiruk Roytrakul, Yodying Yingchutrakul, Chamsai Pientong
Summary: Andrographolide inhibits lytic reactivation of EBV in EBVaGC cells by suppressing the expression of EBV lytic protein and host transcription factors, partly through the interaction of HDAC6 with TFs. Additionally, it induces apoptosis of EBVaGC cells through up-regulation of apoptosis-related protein expression.
Article
Oncology
Soehartati A. Gondhowiardjo, Marlinda Adham, Lisnawati Rachmadi, Tubagus Djumhana Atmakusuma, Demak Lumban Tobing, Mahesa Auzan, Agustinus Darmadi Hariyanto, Dede Sulaeman, Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata, Handoko
Summary: This study revealed an association between CD8 marker and tumor volume in nasopharyngeal cancer, potentially stemming from dysfunctional CD8 T cells in the nasopharynx. The upregulation of chemokines by nasopharyngeal cancer could recruit T regulatory FOXP3 cells, with FOXP3 differentiation triggered by EBNA1 through various pathways.
Article
Oncology
Zeyang Wang, Zhi Lv, Qian Xu, Liping Sun, Yuan Yuan
Summary: This study identified 137 differentially expressed proteins in EBVaGC tissue using EBER ISH and DIA mass spectrometry, constructed a protein-protein interaction network, and identified potential hub genes. Gene enrichment analysis indicated involvement in energy and biochemical metabolism pathways. The highly associated protein GBP5 with EBVaGC was validated and further analysis suggested its association with clinicopathological parameters and EBV infection in GC.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Blue-leaf A. Cordes, Andrea Bilger, Richard J. Kraus, Ella T. Ward-Shaw, Madeline R. Labott, Shinhyo Lee, Paul F. Lambert, Janet E. Mertz
Summary: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects a majority of the population and can lead to cancer. This study found that Deferoxamine and Deferasirox, drugs used to treat iron overload diseases, can selectively kill EBV-positive gastric cancer cells in vitro. However, these drugs were not effective in inducing lytic EBV infection in EBV-positive gastric tumors in immunodeficient mice.
Article
Microbiology
Abdelhalim Khenchouche, Mounir M. Salem-Bekhit, Ahd A. Mansour, Mohammad N. Alomary, Xiaohui Wang, Hayat Ali Alzahrani, Ibrahim M. Al Hosiny, Ehab I. Taha, Gamal A. Shazly, Yacine Benguerba, Karim Houali
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of anti-LMP1 antibodies in treating EBV-positive nasopharyngeal and stomach cancers. It was found that the antibodies prevented tumor growth in animal models and resulted in tumor regression for at least three months. The antibodies killed EBV-positive cancer cells and reduced NF-κB expression. The findings suggest that LMP1 antibody immunotherapy could be a potential treatment for these types of cancers.
Article
Oncology
Jung Hwan Yoon, Byung Joon Choi, Suk Woo Nam, Won Sang Park
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells can affect the fate of surrounding gastric epithelial cells. Gastric cancer exosomes promote cell survival and proliferation while inhibiting cellular senescence and apoptosis. The exosomes also regulate the expression of telomere-related genes, heat-shock genes, and hedgehog genes.
Article
Oncology
Koji Kase, Motonobu Saito, Shotaro Nakajima, Daisuke Takayanagi, Katsuharu Saito, Leo Yamada, Mai Ashizawa, Hiroshi Nakano, Hiroyuki Hanayama, Hisashi Onozawa, Hirokazu Okayama, Hisahito Endo, Shotaro Fujita, Wataru Sakamoto, Zenichiro Saze, Tomoyuki Momma, Kosaku Mimura, Shinji Ohki, Kouya Shiraishi, Takashi Kohno, Koji Kono
Summary: In EBV (+) GC, miR-BART11-3p and miR-BART12 regulate ARID1A expression through epigenetic modifications, potentially reducing ARID1A levels, with their expression correlated with ARID1A levels in GC tumors.
Review
Oncology
Binnari Kim, Kyoung-Mee Kim
Summary: This article summarizes the role of exosomes in EBV-associated gastric cancer and highlights the importance for future diagnostic and therapeutic development.
Article
Virology
Daniel S. Chertow, Louis Shekhtman, Yoav Lurie, Richard T. Davey, Theo Heller, Harel Dahari
Article
Mathematics
Alexander Churkin, Stephanie Lewkiewicz, Vladimir Reinharz, Harel Dahari, Danny Barash
Article
Virology
Karina Durso-Cain, Peter Kumberger, Yannik Schaelte, Theresa Fink, Harel Dahari, Jan Hasenauer, Susan L. Uprichard, Frederik Graw
Summary: The hepatitis C virus can spread within a host through cell-to-cell and cell-free transmission modes, which work synergistically to enhance infection spread. The contribution of each transmission mode varies based on experimental conditions, suggesting that viral spread is optimized according to the environment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel G. Sausen, Maimoona S. Bhutta, Elisa S. Gallo, Harel Dahari, Ronen Borenstein
Summary: EBV is often latent in immunocompetent individuals, but perturbations in the host immune system can lead to viral reactivation and various related illnesses. Understanding the interaction between the virus, stress, and the immune system is crucial for effective treatment.
Article
Mathematics
Rami Zakh, Alexander Churkin, Franziska Totzeck, Marina Parr, Tamir Tuller, Ohad Etzion, Harel Dahari, Michael Roggendorf, Dmitrij Frishman, Danny Barash
Summary: This study conducted a mathematical analysis on the eight genotypes of HDV virus and identified some sequences with additional stem-loops responsible for RNA editing or other functions. Genotype 3 from patients in South America is associated with RNA editing, while genotype 7 from patients in Cameroon has a potential function that has not been explored. HDV sequences of all genotypes show mutational robustness and thermodynamic stability compared to other viruses.
Article
Mathematics
Rami Zakh, Alexander Churkin, William Bietsch, Menachem Lachiany, Scott J. Cotler, Alexander Ploss, Harel Dahari, Danny Barash
Summary: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) can only propagate in individuals infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV), and HDV/HBV infection is considered the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis. A mathematical model was presented to study the interplay between HDV and HBV under anti-HDV treatment, providing insights into the early dynamics of HDV and HBV during therapy. The model accounts for the observation that HBV levels rise when HDV levels decline with HDV-specific therapy.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Maimoona S. Bhutta, Daniel G. Sausen, Elisa S. Gallo, Harel Dahari, Gustavo F. Doncel, Ronen Borenstein
Summary: Ginkgolic Acid (GA) has shown promising potential as an effective antiviral treatment for Human Coronavirus strain 229E (HCoV-229E) infection, significantly reducing progeny virus production, viral protein expression, and cytopathic effects in human epithelial lung cells (MRC-5).
Article
Mathematics
Vladimir Reinharz, Alexander Churkin, Harel Dahari, Danny Barash
Summary: Mathematical models, including both intracellular and extracellular hepatitis C viral kinetics, have been used to study HCV-host dynamics and the efficacy of antivirals. The multiscale model, which incorporates a partial differential equation for intracellular viral RNA kinetics, poses challenges in solving the stiff governing differential equations. This study performs sensitivity analysis on model parameters and demonstrates the stability and efficiency of numerical methods in simulating HCV viral dynamics.
Article
Mathematics
Adequate Mhlanga, Rami Zakh, Alexander Churkin, Vladimir Reinharz, Jeffrey S. Glenn, Ohad Etzion, Scott J. Cotler, Cihan Yurdaydin, Danny Barash, Harel Dahari
Summary: In this study, a modified model for early hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus kinetics was developed to better replicate the dynamics observed in infected patients during treatment. The new features of the improved model were highlighted using analytical solutions. The model showed significantly improved prospects for modeling the interactions between hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel G. Sausen, Oren Shechter, William Bietsch, Zhenzhen Shi, Samantha M. Miller, Elisa S. Gallo, Harel Dahari, Ronen Borenstein
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the characteristics of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) and their impact on immune response, as well as recent therapeutic advances related to these viruses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Samuel I. Blum, Jared P. Taylor, Jessie M. Barra, Ashley R. Burg, Qiao Shang, Shihong Qiu, Oren Shechter, Aleah R. Hayes, Todd J. Green, Aron M. Geurts, Yi-Guang Chen, Hubert M. Tse
Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease caused by pancreatic beta cell destruction. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection and melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5-dependent (MDA5-dependent) antiviral responses are associated with T1D development. Mutations in IFIH1, coding for MDA5, are linked with T1D susceptibility, but their contribution to T1D is unclear. The study found that dampened MDA5 function delays T1D, while loss of MDA5 promotes T1D.
Review
Oncology
Daniel G. Sausen, Oren Shechter, Elisa S. Gallo, Harel Dahari, Ronen Borenstein
Summary: This review examines the potential connection between human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and cervical cancer. It also discusses preventive measures and recent treatment advances in cervical cancer.
