Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ghulam Abbas, Saba Maqbool, Muhammad Khuram Shahzad, Muhammad Afzaal, Muhammad Usama Daud, Nazma Goher Fatima, Abdul Ghuffar
Summary: Hyperthermia is a technique used to treat malignancies by raising the temperature of defective tissues. This study explores the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for hyperthermia treatment, finding that nanorods achieve the highest temperature compared to other shapes, highlighting their effectiveness in this process. The research delves into the effects of nanoparticle shape and surface coating on thermal absorption in hyperthermia, underlining the significance of Au NPs in this treatment.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Takashi Yodono, Kentaro Yaji, Takayuki Yamada, Kozo Furuta, Kazuhiro Izui, Shinji Nishiwaki
Summary: In this paper, a topology optimization method for isotropic linear elastic body problems using LBM is proposed. The analysis approach of the isotropic linear elastic field using LBM is constructed by incorporating the expansion technique of the governing equations. The design sensitivity is derived using the adjoint lattice Boltzmann method. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated with numerical examples.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peng He, Jiang Xie, Liangjun Wang, Wu Zhang
Summary: The study introduces a new moving boundary treatment based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to investigate its impact on low-speed, incompressible fluids. Results show high reliability and stability of the method under different scenarios. Optimizing the number of computing cores can improve overall task efficiency and is suitable for large-scale parallel computing.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed S. A. Darwish, Hohyeon Kim, Minh Phu Bui, Tuan-Anh Le, Hwangjae Lee, Chiseon Ryu, Jae Young Lee, Jungwon Yoon
Summary: This study prepared multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles with high performance for hyperthermia and imaging functionality, showing promising potential for both diagnostic and therapeutic processes.
Review
Immunology
Yi Zhang, Zheng Li, Ying Huang, Bingwen Zou, Yong Xu
Summary: Combining tumor immunotherapy with nanoparticle-based hyperthermia has been found to enhance cancer treatment effectiveness. Tumor immunotherapy activates the immune system to attack cancer cells, while nanoparticle-based hyperthermia selectively kills cells by raising the temperature of tumor cells. The combination of both approaches can amplify anti-tumor responses, improve outcomes, and reduce side effects.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongwei Cai, Kai Guo, Hui Liu, Chunjiang Liu, Aiguo Feng
Summary: A derivative-free level-set-based topology optimization method (DFLS-TO) utilizing QPSO for optimizing level-set values and interpolating values using Laplace equation was proposed. This method efficiently searches for optimal level-set values in multi-objective problems and uses the B-spline method to convert boundaries into smooth forms. The optimization of a pipe bend and a fluid distributor was demonstrated to show the applicability of DFLS-TO.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Junting Li, Sanqing Su, Wei Wang, Xinwei Liu, Fuliang Zuo
Summary: A fast reconstruction method based on the metal magnetic memory technology is proposed for surface defect profiles of ferromagnetic materials. An improved magnetic charge model that can adapt to rectangular and V-shaped defect profiles and a new particle swarm optimization algorithm based on a chaotic initial distribution, sigmoid inertia weight coefficient, and sine cosine acceleration coefficients are established as the forward model and iterative means of the method, respectively. The proposed method is verified with theoretical and experimental data, and the influence of noise is considered. The reconstruction method has good accuracy, repeatability, and robustness.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hamed Tahmooressi, Alibakhsh Kasaeian, Adel Yavarinasab, Ali Tarokh, Mahan Ghazi, Mina Hoorfar
Summary: Recent developments in nanofluids have sparked interest in the geometrical effects of nanoparticles on effective thermal conductivity. Experimental data show consistent effects of aspect ratio on thermal conductivity, but controversy remains regarding nanoparticle size. Mesoscale numerical simulation using the Lattice Boltzmann method reveals a linear correlation between thermal conductivity and nanoparticles volume fraction, emphasizing the importance of particle surface to volume ratio in interfacial interactions.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Szu-Chou Chen, Wen-Chen Huang, Ming-Hsien Hsueh, Chieh-Yu Pan, Chih-Hao Chang
Summary: The antlion optimization algorithm (ALO) has some drawbacks, such as long runtime, which hinders decision makers. To address the slow convergence rates, a novel exponential-weighted antlion optimization algorithm (EALO) is proposed, which has demonstrated higher convergence rate and better experimental results in comparison to existing methods.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Eirini Myrovali, Kyrillos Papadopoulos, Irene Iglesias, Marina Spasova, Michael Farle, Ulf Wiedwald, Makis Angelakeris
Summary: The study shows that smaller particles form clusters first, then guide chain formation through cluster-cluster interactions, while larger particles readily form chains through particle-particle interactions. In both cases, dipolar interactions between neighboring nanoparticles increase significantly, leading to a substantial enhancement in their collective magnetic features, resulting in an increase in magnetic particle hyperthermia efficiency by up to one order of magnitude.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yun Hou, Guosheng Hao, Yong Zhang, Feng Gu, Wenyang Xu
Summary: This paper proposes a multi-objective discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the particle routing problem in distributed particle filters. Experimental results show that the algorithm is highly competitive and can provide multiple high-quality Pareto optimal solutions.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiao Du, Xiaoxian Shang, Jingpei Shi, Yueping Guan
Summary: This paper studied a simple and effective method for chromium removal in wastewater using magnetic nanoparticles in a gradient magnetic field. The optimal process conditions were determined, and a PSO-BP model was established to predict chromium adsorption efficiency.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tobias Horstmann, Hatem Touil, Lucien Vienne, Denis Ricot, Emmanuel Leveque
Summary: The lattice Boltzmann method excels in weakly compressible flows due to its efficiency and parallelization, but faces challenges in incompressible flows due to small time-step sizes. Artificially adjusting the speed of sound can increase the time-step, but may lead to discontinuities in mass density and pressure. A trade-off between preserving mass conservation and ensuring pressure continuity can be achieved through a power-law rescaling of mass density.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hee Min Lee, Joon Sang Lee
Summary: In this study, an integrated simulation model was constructed to analyze the effects of particles and heat on the inkjet printing process. The particles caused asymmetric ejection and satellite droplet formation, while heat accelerated the separation of the main droplet, affecting the accuracy of inkjet printing.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ha Anh Nguyen, Sendos Darwish, Hong Nam Pham, Souad Ammar, Nguyet-Thanh Ha-Duong
Summary: The ability to construct well-defined three-dimensional architectures at the nanoscale is important for various applications. In this study, functional inorganic nanoparticles were grafted onto viral plant capsids, resulting in advanced hierarchical hybrid nanomaterials with robustness and stability. The virus-based materials showed enhanced heating capability and could potentially be used as photothermal therapeutic agents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yexiang Fu, Fuwang Zhao, Zejia Zhao, Hui Tang, Suet To, Ching-Hsiang Cheng
Summary: This study reports a method that combines hydrothermal synthesis with ultraprecision machining to fabricate a hierarchical coated surface, improving its hydrophobicity. The experimental results show that the hierarchical surface has a larger contact angle and better water droplet bouncing behavior, indicating excellent water repellency.
JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Shiyin Sha, Ashley P. Dyson, Gholamreza Kefayati, Ali Tolooiyan
Summary: Debris flow events have catastrophic consequences for the environment, infrastructure, and human life. Mitigation of these events requires the use of barriers placed strategically to impede flow. However, the benefits of different numerical methods for debris flow modeling and barrier analysis are unclear.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Tingting Liu, Lei Zhou, Hui Tang, Hongfu Zhang
Summary: In this study, a new surrogate model called CNN-HODMD is proposed to predict the unsteady fluid force time history for twin tandem cylinders. The results show that CNN-HODMD performs well in predicting the lift force at different aspect ratios and gap spacing within 5% error.
Article
Mechanics
Gholamreza Kefayati, Ali Tolooiyan, Ashley P. Dyson
Summary: In this study, a finite difference lattice Boltzmann method (FDLBM) was introduced for simulating one-dimensional mud and debris flows. The proposed FDLBM recovers the generalized equations for mud and debris flows, including the effects of non-Newtonian behavior, contraction-expansion losses, wind force, various geometries, and lateral inflow or outflow. The method was validated against previous studies and successfully applied to various benchmark cases. It also provided accurate results for the investigation of the Anhui debris dam failure flood.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Romana Perinajova, Pim van Ooij, Sasa Kenjeres
Summary: A combination of MRI and CFD can be used to study blood flow and oxygen transport in the cerebral vasculature. Neglecting haemoglobin transport underestimates arterial wall oxygen transfer. Hypoxic regions along the arterial walls can be identified using critical thresholds obtained from comparing Damkohler number and Sherwood number. Further validations of the MRI/CFD approach in larger groups of brain vasculature systems are recommended.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Romana Perinajova, Concepcion Borras Alvarez-Cuevas, Joe Juffermans, Jos Westenberg, Hildo Lamb, Sasa Kenjeres
Summary: There is an urgent need to establish new biomarkers for predicting the development of thoracic aortic aneurysm. In addition to hemodynamics, the roles of oxygen and nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of thoracic aortic aneurysm are potentially significant. The relationship between aneurysm presence and species distribution in both the lumen and aortic wall needs to be understood. Computational fluid dynamics can be used to explore this relationship.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanbo Lai, Xiaolin Wang, Gholamreza Kefayati, Eric Hu
Summary: A new configuration of a solid desiccant evaporative cooling system integrated with a humidification-dehumidification desalination unit was proposed and its performance was evaluated. Two operation modes were proposed depending on climate conditions, and the system was evaluated under various operating conditions. The findings indicated that the proposed system had good potential for producing freshwater and cooling simultaneously.
Article
Thermodynamics
Fuwang Zhao, Qian Jiang, Zhaokun Wang, M. N. Mumtaz Qadri, Li Li, Hui Tang
Summary: We studied a novel flow-energy harvesting system consisting of two tandem fully passive flapping foils and investigated its dynamics and energy harvesting performance. Experimental tests and numerical simulations were conducted to understand the wake-foil and foil-foil interaction mechanism. It was found that the aft foil was modulated and locked by the wake of the fore foil, resulting in a stable phase difference between the two foils that varied linearly with the tandem distance. The aft foil consistently exhibited higher heaving and pitch velocities, extracting an average of 15.2% more power than the fore foil and the single foil. The best power extraction efficiency of 19.6% was achieved by the aft foil when the foils were separated by one chord length, while the fore foil had a worst efficiency of 15.9% when separated by two chord lengths. Overall, the two foils achieved a maximum efficiency of 36.8%, surpassing the doubled efficiency (33.4%) of a single foil.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuan Ma, Hui Tang, Chenglei Wang
Summary: This study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of a nonsquare enclosure with discontinuous hydrodynamic resistance on its inner surface. It explores the effects of several factors, such as Rayleigh number, aspect ratio, and nanoparticle volume fraction, on natural convection. The results show that the arrangement of stress-free patches and aspect ratio have significant impacts on heat transfer performance, while the nanoparticle volume fraction has minor influence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL METHODS FOR HEAT & FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Tian-yang Lu, Hai-bao Hu, Jian Song, Fan Zhang, Heng Zhang, Zhen-lin Xie, Feng Ren
Summary: This article investigates the effect of a synthetic jet on the flow over a backward-facing step in the weakly turbulent flow regime. The study discovers two mechanisms for the mediated flow and explores the impact of the synthetic jet force on the reattachment length. This research provides insights into typical flows past a backward-facing step and sheds light on the design of closed-loop control strategies for separation flows.
JOURNAL OF HYDRODYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Fuwang Zhao, Zhaokun Wang, M. Nafees Mumtaz Qadri, Omer Khan, Adnan Munir, Aamer Shahzad, Hui Tang
Summary: A numerical investigation was conducted to analyze the interactions between semi-active tandem flapping foils at different tandem distances with a chord-based Reynolds number of 1100. The results showed that when the tandem distance was less than 1.5 chord lengths and released in-phase, both foils exhibited terminal periodic motions with a nonzero mean stagger distance. However, under other conditions, the foils ended up with periodic flapping motions without stagger. The wake of the fore foil significantly influenced the performance of the aft foil, resulting in either lower power consumption or net energy consumption depending on the wake-foil interaction.
Article
Mechanics
Lingwei Zeng, Fuwang Zhao, Hanfeng Wang, Yang Liu, Hui Tang
Summary: This study tested the effects of a rigid splitter plate attached to a circular cylinder on flow-induced vibration control. The tests were conducted in a closed-loop water channel, considering different lengths of the splitter plate, reduced velocity, and Reynolds number. The results showed that the splitter plate length has a significant impact on the cylinder oscillation.
Article
Mechanics
Chongyu Zhao, Hanfeng Wang, Zhiwei Liu, Md. Mahbub Alam, Hui Tang
Summary: This paper presents an experimental study on the flow around a wall-mounted finite square cylinder with a vertically clamped flapping film. The study reveals the effects of the flapping induced vortex (FIV) on the cylinder near wake, showing that the FIVs induce more high-speed flow downwards into the wake.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xiaolin Wu, Hicham Saaid, Jason Voorneveld, Tom Claessens, Jos J. M. Westenberg, Nico de Jong, Johan G. Bosch, Sasa Kenjeres
Summary: This study applied the Shake-the-Box method to reconstruct flow dynamics in a realistic left ventricle silicon model with biological valves. The velocity measurements were used to calculate the 4D pressure field, and flow analysis was performed using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the velocity field.
CARDIOVASCULAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Rosaria Del Toro, Maria Laura De Bellis, Marcello Vasta, Andrea Bacigalupo
Summary: This article presents a multifield asymptotic homogenization scheme for analyzing Bloch wave propagation in non-standard thermoelastic periodic materials. The proposed method derives microscale field equations, solves recursive differential problems within the unit cell, establishes a down-scaling relation, and obtains average field equations. The effectiveness of this approach is validated by comparing dispersion curves with those from the Floquet-Bloch theory.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yue Bao, Zhengcheng Yao, Yue Zhang, Xueman Hu, Xiandong Liu, Yingchun Shan, Tian He
Summary: This paper proposes a novel triple-gradient phononic acoustic black hole (ABH) beam that strategically manipulates multiple gradients to enhance its performance. The study reveals that the ABH effect is not solely brought about by the thickness gradient, but also extends to the power-law gradients in density and modulus. The synergistic development of three different gradient effects leads to more pronounced and broader bandgaps in PCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Matthias Ryser, Jason Steffen, Bekim Berisha, Markus Bambach
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of replacing complex experiments with multiple simpler ones to determine the anisotropic yielding behavior of sheet metal. The results show that parameter identifiability and accuracy can be achieved by combining multiple specimen geometries and orientations, enhancing the understanding of the yield behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Wenjun Li, Pengfei Zhang, Siyong Yang, Shenling Cai, Kai Feng
Summary: This study presents a novel two-dimensional non-contact platform based on Near-field Acoustic Levitation (NFAL), which can realize both one-dimensional and two-dimensional transportation. Numerical and experimental results prove the feasibility and ease of this method.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Shuo Liu, Lu Che, Guodong Fang, Jun Liang
Summary: This study presents a novel lamina conjugated bond-based peridynamic (BB-PD) model that overcomes the limitations of material properties and is applicable to composite laminates with different stacking sequences. The accuracy and applicability of the model are validated through simulations of elastic deformation and progressive damage behavior, providing an explanation of the damage modes and failure mechanisms of laminated composite materials subjected to uniaxial loading.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Omar El-Khatib, S. Kumar, Wesley J. Cantwell, Andreas Schiffer
Summary: Sandwich-structured honeycombs (SSHCs) are hierarchical structures with enhanced mass-specific properties. A model capable of predicting the elastic properties of hexagonal SSHCs is presented, showing superior in-plane elastic and shear moduli compared to traditional honeycombs, while the out-of-plane shear moduli are reduced.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zhi-Jian Li, Hong-Liang Dai, Yuan Yao, Jing-Ling Liu
Summary: This paper proposes a process-performance prediction model for estimating the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of metallic parts fabricated by powder bed fusion additive manufacturing. The effect of main process variables on the mechanical performance of printed metallic parts is analyzed and the results can serve as a guideline for improvement. The accuracy of the proposed model is validated by comparison with literature.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Saman A. Bapir, Kawa M. A. Manmi, Rostam K. Saeed, Abdolrahman Dadvand
Summary: This study numerically investigates the behavior of an ultrasonically driven gas bubble between two parallel rigid circular walls with a cylindrical micro-indentation in one wall. The primary objective is to determine the conditions that facilitate the removal of particulate contamination from the indentation using the bubble jet. The study found that the bubble jet can effectively remove contamination from the indentation for certain ranges of indentation diameter, but becomes less effective for larger indentation diameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
E. Polyzos, E. Vereroudakis, S. Malefaki, D. Vlassopoulos, D. Van Hemelrijck, L. Pyl
Summary: This research investigates the elastic and damage characteristics of individual composite beads used in 3D printed composites. A new analytical probabilistic progressive damage model (PPDM) is introduced to capture the elastic and damage attributes of these beads. Experimental results show strong agreement with the model in terms of elastic behavior and ultimate strength and strain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2024)