Article
Microbiology
Irene Zorraquin-Pena, Diego Taladrid, Alba Tamargo, Mariana Silva, Natalia Molinero, Dolores Gonzalez de Llano, Begona Bartolome, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas
Summary: This study found that red wine polyphenols have an effect on intestinal permeability in in vitro conditions, possibly through microbiota-mediated mechanisms. Polyphenols from wine may have protective effects, but further research is needed to evaluate their impact on the intestinal barrier under different conditions.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xingdao Zhang, Yuni Zhang, Yu He, Xingwang Zhu, Qing Ai, Yuan Shi
Summary: The study found that pretreatment with beta-glucan can improve intestinal injury in neonatal mice with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). This is achieved by suppressing the TLR4-NF-kappa B signaling pathway, improving intestinal barrier function, and regulating the composition of intestinal microbiota.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alessandra Fusco, Vittoria Savio, Maria Donniacuo, Brunella Perfetto, Giovanna Donnarumma
Summary: The intestinal mucosa is made up of a single layer of epithelial cells that are highly polarized and connected by tight junctions. Disruption of the mucus layer and tight junctions can increase intestinal permeability, leading to microbial translocation and systemic disorders. Studying the interaction between antimicrobial peptides and microbiota can help us understand how they play a role in host defense against intestinal pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giorgio Guido, Guido Ausenda, Veronica Iascone, Emanuele Chisari
Summary: This study examines the role of the gut-joint axis in osteoarthritis, proposing mechanisms involving gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in the pathogenesis of OA. Disruption of tight junctions may be associated with increased zonulin activity, similar to other chronic inflammatory disorders.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cherng-Shyang Chang, Yi-Chu Liao, Chih-Ting Huang, Chiao-Mei Lin, Chantal Hoi Yin Cheung, Jhen-Wei Ruan, Wen-Hsuan Yu, Yi-Ting Tsai, I-Jung Lin, Chien-Hsun Huang, Jong-Shian Liou, Ya-Hsien Chou, Hung-Jen Chien, Hsiao-Li Chuang, Hsueh-Fen Juan, Hsuan-Cheng Huang, Hong-Lin Chan, Yu-Chieh Liao, Shiue-Cheng Tang, Yu-Wen Su, Tse-Hua Tan, Andreas J. Baeumler, Cheng-Yuan Kao
Summary: The knockout of Dusp6 enhances baseline colon barrier integrity and ameliorates DSS-induced colonic injury, accompanied by altered glucose metabolism and increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption in Caco-2 cells. Dusp6-knockout mice are more resistant to DSS-induced dysbiosis, and a member of the genus Duncaniella in the gut microbiota confers host protection from injury.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Eleni Mavrogeni, Mostafa Asadpoor, Paul A. J. Henricks, Ali Keshavarzian, Gert Folkerts, Saskia Braber
Summary: The epithelial monolayer plays a crucial role in mucosal barrier function, and tight junction (TJ) complexes are the main gate-keepers that seal the space between adjacent epithelial cells. Dysfunctional TJs can lead to increased permeation of pro-inflammatory substances into the circulation, causing local and systemic inflammatory responses and contributing to chronic inflammatory disorders. Increased gut leakiness is associated with conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease and neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's. Non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs) have been shown to promote barrier function by directly regulating TJs through various pathways, providing numerous health benefits through their interactions with the microbiota and immune cells.
Article
Immunology
Ying Xiao, Haifeng Lian, Xiaoying S. Zhong, Srikruthi S. Krishnachaitanya, Yingzi Cong, Roderick H. Dashwood, Tor C. Savidge, Don W. Powell, Xiaowei Liu, Qingjie Li
Summary: This study found that MMP-7 was highly expressed in patients with ulcerative colitis and in rodents with experimental colitis. MMP-7 impairs the intestinal epithelial barrier by cleavage of Claudin-7, exacerbating inflammation. This study uncovered Claudin-7 as a novel substrate of MMP-7 in the intestinal epithelium.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yongbo Kang, Xing Kang, Hao Yang, Haixia Liu, Xiaodan Yang, Qingqing Liu, Haixia Tian, Yang Xue, Peng Ren, Xiaoyu Kuang, Yue Cai, Mingwei Tong, Lin Li, Weiping Fan
Summary: This study investigates the anti-obesity effects of potential probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus isolated from the porcine gut. The results show that L. acidophilus reduces body weight, fat mass, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Additionally, L. acidophilus reverses gut dysbiosis, maintains intestinal barrier integrity, and improves gut microbiota functions.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victoria Anthony Uyanga, Felix Kwame Amevor, Min Liu, Zhifu Cui, Xiaoling Zhao, Hai Lin
Summary: The text highlights the importance of gut health in animal welfare and wellbeing, as well as the role of dietary supplements such as citrulline and quercetin in promoting gut functions and homeostasis. These bioactive substances can influence gut health through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diego Taladrid, Dolores Gonzalez de Llano, Irene Zorraquin-Pena, Alba Tamargo, Mariana Silva, Natalia Molinero, M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas, Begona Bartolome
Summary: This study investigated the impact of grape pomace extract on intestinal barrier functionality, showing that the intestinal-digested extract significantly reduced paracellular transport while the colonic-digested extract did not. Colonic fermentation of the extract led to the production of short-chain fatty acids and phenolic metabolites, affecting bacteria abundance and paracellular permeability. Further research is needed to confirm these initial trends on the effects of grape pomace extract.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Laura Benvenuti, Vanessa D'Antongiovanni, Carolina Pellegrini, Matteo Fornai, Nunzia Bernardini, Chiara Ippolito, Cristina Segnani, Clelia Di Salvo, Rocchina Colucci, Alma Martelli, Lorenzo Flori, Vincenzo Calderone, Gianfranca Carta, Emilia Ghelardi, Marco Calvigioni, Adelaide Panattoni, Raffaella Coppolecchia, Achille Arini, Luca Antonioli
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of alterations in intestinal microbiota and its metabolites on intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and enteric inflammation in obesity, and to assess the therapeutic potential of probiotic Enterococcus faecium (SF68). The results showed that SF68 treatment reduced body weight gain, decreased inflammation markers, and improved intestinal barrier integrity and functionality in obese mice.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marika Lanza, Alessia Filippone, Giovanna Casili, Letterio Giuffre, Sarah Adriana Scuderi, Irene Paterniti, Michela Campolo, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Emanuela Esposito
Summary: The study found that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) sodium propionate (SP) and sodium butyrate (SB) can alleviate pain, reduce intestinal tissue damage, restore intestinal permeability, and regulate the composition of microbiota in a mouse model of migraine. These results suggest the potential use of SCFAs as novel supportive therapies for intestinal dysfunction associated with migraine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hye-Bin Lee, Young-Soo Kim, Ho -Young Park
Summary: This review discusses the relationship between the structural characteristics of pectic polysaccharides and the modulatory activity of gut microbiota. It also explores the health benefits of pectic polysaccharides on diet-induced obesity and intestinal health. Through regulating gut microbiota, pectic polysaccharides exert various beneficial biological effects.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Zhuoran Han, Lunhua Ge, Siyi Wen, Jingfeng Sun
Summary: In this study, bacterial infection induced intestinal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in tongue sole. Gene expression patterns of inflammatory factors, tight junction molecules, and keratins were altered in response to the infection. These findings provide important evidence for the relationship between intestinal inflammation and dysfunction of the intestinal physical barrier.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yimei Wang, Tomohiro Takano, Yingyu Zhou, Rong Wang, Takayuki Toshimitsu, Toshihiro Sashihara, Masaru Tanokura, Takuya Miyakawa, Haruyo Nakajima-Adachi, Satoshi Hachimura
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum OLL2712 on obesity-induced inflammation. It was found that the LAB strain regulated gut microbiota, suppressed intestinal inflammation, and improved gut barrier function, thereby reducing obesity-related inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Caitlyn G. Edwards, Anne M. Walk, Sharon Thompson, Ginger E. Reeser, Ryan N. Dilger, John W. Erdman, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: Among middle-aged adults with overweight and obesity, higher intake of choline and lutein+zeaxanthin was associated with faster performance on a cognitive flexibility task. Dietary intake and biomarker data had an impact on cognitive outcomes, but were not related to the N2 and P3 ERP components.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Riley L. Hughes, David A. Alvarado, Kelly S. Swanson, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This comprehensive review examines the prebiotic effects of inulin-type fructans (ITF) on the intestinal microbiota and health in healthy human adults. The review finds that ITF promote the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, and have positive effects on intestinal barrier function, laxation, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, mineral absorption, and satiety. However, there is a lack of discussion on the effects of ITF chain length and individual factors on its efficacy.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Boyi Guo, Hannah D. Holscher, Loretta S. Auvil, Michael E. Welge, Colleen B. Bushell, Janet A. Novotny, David J. Baer, Nicholas A. Burd, Naiman A. Khan, Ruoqing Zhu
Summary: Estimating individualized treatment effects is a popular research topic in statistics and machine learning communities. We propose a random forest model that simultaneously estimates individualized treatment effects for multiple correlated outcomes. Extensive simulation studies and applications show that our method outperforms existing methods in nonlinear settings.
STATISTICS IN BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dai-Ting Lin, Ning-Juo Kao, Tzu-Wen Liu Cross, Wei-Ju Lee, Shyh-Hsiang Lin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a ketogenic diet (medium chain triglyceride, MCT) on cognitive performance after long-term consumption of a high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. The results showed that the MCT diet improved spatial learning and memory performance, reduced expression of inflammatory proteins, and increased expression of neurotrophic factors compared to the high-fat-high-cholesterol diet. This suggests that the MCT diet may help slow down neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marina D. Brown, Leila M. Shinn, Ginger Reeser, Matthew Browning, Andiara Schwingel, Naiman A. Khan, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This study analyzed the fecal and soil microbiota of gardening families and non-gardening families, and found differences in fecal microbial characteristics, phylogenetic diversity score, fiber intake, and fiber fermenting bacteria abundance between gardening and non-gardening families. The study also revealed detectable changes in the fecal microbial community of gardeners and their family members over the course of the gardening season, with shared microbes between soil and fecal samples.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Corinne N. Cannavale, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Melisa A. Bailey, Neal J. Cohen, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of consuming a fermented dairy beverage containing probiotics on mood, stress, and memory in healthy adults. The results showed that fermented dairy consumption increased the presence of Lactobacillus in the gut and improved relational memory. However, changes in Lactobacillus were not related to memory performance.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hannah D. Holscher
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Melisa A. Bailey, Sharon V. Thompson, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Jessica N. Bennett, James J. Vanhie, Michael De Lisio, Nicholas A. Burd, Naiman A. Khan, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: Consuming adequate dietary fiber is a promising strategy for reducing systemic inflammation. This study found that dietary fiber intake and fecal short-chain fatty acids were inversely associated with lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, a marker of systemic inflammation. These findings highlight the importance of dietary fiber in reducing inflammation.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Corinne N. Cannavale, Melisa A. Bailey, Naiman A. Khan, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This study found that prebiotic treatment (FOS+GOS) did not affect mental health and inflammation in healthy adults, but it increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexis D. Baldeon, Daniel Mcdonald, Antonio Gonzalez, Rob Knight, Hannah D. Holscher
Summary: This study investigated the differences in fecal microbiota composition among adults participating in the American Gut Project based on their adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The results showed that adults who followed the guidelines had higher diversity in their fecal microbiota and a greater abundance of bacteria capable of metabolizing complex carbohydrates.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kelly A. A. Tappenden
Summary: Short bowel syndrome-associated intestinal failure is a complex and life-threatening condition that requires comprehensive care to address the multiple factors affecting the patient's long-term prognosis.
NUTRITION IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Patrick C. Barko, Stanley I. Rubin, Kelly S. Swanson, Maureen A. McMichael, Marcella D. Ridgway, David A. Williams
Summary: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a digestive disorder in dogs caused by insufficient secretion of digestive enzymes. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis was used to identify metabolic disturbances associated with EPI. 114 serum metabolites were found to differ significantly between dogs with EPI and healthy controls, suggesting malnourishment, micronutrient deficiencies, altered gut microbiome composition, and intestinal inflammation in dogs with EPI.
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Shelby A. Keye, Dominika M. Pindus, Anne M. Walk, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nathaniel B. Willis, Colleen X. Munoz, Annemarie R. Mysonhimer, Caitlyn G. Edwards, Patricia G. Wolf, Charles H. Hillman, Nicholas A. Burd, Hannah D. Holscher, Naiman A. Khan
Summary: This study examined the relationship between hydration status, gut microbiota, and gut barrier function in adults. The results showed that certain microbial taxa were more abundant in individuals with poorer hydration status. Additionally, there was a positive relationship between plasma copeptin and LBP, suggesting a potential link between metabolic endotoxemia and gut barrier function.
ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kelly Tappenden
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2022)