Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qichen Yin, Bowen Xu, Yao Qin, Jingbo Zhao, Jue Cheng, Junying Zhang
Summary: Fully biobased non-isocyanate polyurethanes were synthesized using diglycerol and dimer acid precursors, showing tunable mechanical properties and good thermal stability. The structures and properties of L-NIPHAUs were regulated through a solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis method.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Nyok Ling Tai, Mehran Ghasemlou, Raju Adhikari, Benu Adhikari
Summary: Starch has garnered significant interest in the development of biodegradable bioplastics due to its impressive physicochemical properties when used in polyurethane (PU) composites. Despite the hydrophilic nature of starch limiting its dispersion in hydrophobic PU matrices, strategies are being developed to improve compatibility and enhance the biodegradation characteristics of the final PU products. Advances in the synthesis of starch-NIPU hybrids are also being explored to further boost biodegradability of PUs.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Fiona Magliozzi, Arthur Scali, Guillaume Chollet, Etienne Grau, Henri Cramail
Summary: This study first discusses the separation and characterization of the two crystal structures of DGDC, followed by an investigation into the impact of DGDC stereochemistry on the properties of corresponding PHUs.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominik Wolosz
Summary: This study provides insights into the transurethanization reactions in the synthesis of aliphatic-aromatic non-isocyanate poly(carbonate-urethane)s (NIPCUs) and their relationship with structure and properties. It was found that the alkyl chain length in 4,4 '-diphenylmethylene bis(hydroxyalkyl carbamate) (BHAC) plays a crucial role in these reactions. The presence of longer alkyl chains in the BHAC structure prevents side reactions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Kamila Blazek, Hynek Benes, Zuzana Walterova, Sabina Abbrent, Arantxa Eceiza, Tamara Calvo-Correas, Janusz Datta
Summary: This research focused on the synthesis of bio-based cyclic carbonates using CO2 as a green feedstock and bio-based polyether polyols, aiming to minimize negative environmental impact by implementing solvent-free conditions. The synthesized products were analyzed using various spectroscopy techniques and mass spectrometry, and were successfully used for the preparation of non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) thermosets with potential applications in sound absorbing materials.
Article
Polymer Science
Dominik Wo Losz
Summary: Structure-property relationships of novel non-isocyanate poly(carbonate-urethane)s (NIPCU) based on renewable fatty diamine were studied. The addition of decamethylene carbonate units into the polyurethane structure improved the mechanical properties and solubility of the materials. The optimized molar ratio of urethane to carbonate groups resulted in the highest number-average molar mass and tensile strength.
Article
Polymer Science
Dominik Wolosz, Pawel G. Parzuchowski, Aleksandra Swiderska
Summary: This paper presents a non-isocyanate synthetic route towards linear aliphatic and aliphatic-aromatic poly(carbonate-urethane)s, utilizing urethane diols as hard segment precursors and oligo(hexamethylene-co-pentamethylene carbonate) diol as soft segment precursor. The impact of polyurethane structure on mechanical and thermal properties was studied, revealing that the presence of pentamethylene carbonate units can improve reaction efficiency. Characterization of the poly(carbonate-urethane)s included spectroscopic analysis, spectrometry, thermal analysis, and mechanical testing, showing promising tensile strengths for both types of polymers.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Camille Bakkali-Hassani, Dimitri Berne, Pauline Bron, Lourdes Irusta, Haritz Sardon, Vincent Ladmiral, Sylvain Caillol
Summary: This study investigated various catalysts for the preparation of polyhydroxyurethane covalent adaptable networks. The catalyst systems were selected based on their ability to quantitatively promote cyclic carbonate aminolysis with minimal urea formation. The selected networks were extensively characterized using various techniques. The results suggested a catalyst-dependent exchange mechanism, in which the organotin Lewis acid (DBTDL) efficiently promoted transcarbamoylation in PHU, leading to efficient reprocessing.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Izabela Lukaszewska, Sebastian Lalik, Artur Bukowczan, Monika Marzec, Krzysztof Pielichowski, Konstantinos N. Raftopoulos
Summary: A series of linear non-isocyanate polyhydroxyurethanes (NIPUs) were synthesized by varying the composition of the diamine component, which modulates the density of proton donors. The amount of double hydrogen bonds formed correlates with reduced molecular mobility and affects the mechanical properties of NIPUs. The proposed approach allows for tailoring the thermomechanical properties of NIPUs by modulating the density of double hydrogen-bonded carbonyls.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Louis-Paul Bowman, Georges R. Younes, Milan Maric
Summary: Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) synthesized from biodiesel-derived diglycerol dicarbonate (DGC) and triamine functional poly(propylene glycol) (Jeffamine) are investigated for improved water resistance and curing kinetics. Moisture-curable hybrid NIPUs are successfully developed by end-capping the prepolymers. The developed curing methods lead to high gel contents and improved tensile properties and water absorption compared to previous materials.
MACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Weikun Xu, Yutong Ding, Shibin You, Cheng Chao, Bozhen Wu, Feng Chen
Summary: Three types of bicyclic carbonates were synthesized by thiol-ene coupling reaction. Thermoplastic polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) were synthesized from these bicyclic carbonates, isophoronediamine (IPDA), and 1,10-diaminodecane (DAD). The properties of the PHUs, including thermo-mechanic, self-healing, and adhesive properties, can be adjusted by changing the feed ratio and structure of the bicyclic carbonate monomer.
Article
Polymer Science
Bowen Xu, Qichen Yin, Chang Su, Jue Cheng, Junying Zhang, Jingbo Zhao
Summary: Researchers prepared nonisocyanate polythiourethanes using bisphenol-S cyclic thiocarbonate and different amino-terminated dimer-acid polyamides, which showed high mechanical performance. The experimental results confirmed the existence of crystallization, which is crucial for obtaining high-performance polyurethanes.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jessica D. O. Rodrigues, Carlos K. Z. Andrade, Rafael L. Quirino, Maria J. A. Sales
Summary: A new material PUAcyl, a non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesized from castor oil, urea, and BF3·OEt2, exhibits promising thermal stability and damping properties, suitable for daily applications such as acoustic coatings.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Piotr Stachak, Izabela Lukaszewska, Edyta Hebda, Krzysztof Pielichowski
Summary: Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) are a new class of environmentally friendly polymeric materials, synthesized through the polyaddition of cyclic carbonates and polyfunctional amines, offering excellent chemical, mechanical, and thermal stability properties. NIPUs also feature tunable properties and the elimination of hazardous chemical compounds during synthesis. While there have been numerous studies on the synthesis and properties of NIPUs, systematic information on the fabrication and processing of NIPU composites is currently lacking.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
M. Aloui, J. A. Cecilia, R. Moreno-Tost, S. B. Ghorbel, M. Said Zina, E. Rodriguez-Castellon
Summary: A series of tetrametallic hydrotalcite catalysts with different Ni loading were synthesized and used for etherification reaction, showing Ni loading affects the structural and textural features. Increasing the Ni/Mg molar ratio leads to gradual enhancement of glycerol conversion, with HTc-Ni-75% being the most active catalyst.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ines Lezcano-Gonzalez, Peixi Cong, Emma Campbell, Monik Panchal, Miren Agote-Aran, Veronica Celorrio, Qian He, Ramon Oord, Bert M. Weckhuysen, Andrew M. Beale
Summary: Pt/Sn-containing MFI zeolites prepared by one-pot hydrothermal methods exhibit high catalytic activity and selectivity for propane dehydrogenation, but prolonged use leads to deactivation due to increased Pt Sn alloying and carbon build-up.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maximilian J. Werny, Dominik Mueller, Coen Hendriksen, Robert Chan, Nicolaas H. Friederichs, Christian Fella, Florian Meirer, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: Strict control over the morphology of growing polymer particles is crucial in catalytic olefin polymerization processes. This study investigates the factors that influence the degree of sectioning in silica-supported olefin polymerization catalysts. The accessibility of the catalyst particle interior, initial polymerization rate, and support structure were found to be important factors in determining the occurrence of sectioning.
Correction
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Monai, Marianna Gambino, Sippakorn Wannakao, Bert M. Weckhuysen
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guusje Delen, Matteo Monai, Katarina Stanciakova, Bettina Baumgartner, Florian Meirer, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: Researchers have discovered that the sorption and conversion of gaseous molecules on the surface of functional materials preferentially occur on specific undercoordinated high-index surface sites. By combining in situ PiFM with DFT calculations, they have studied the site-specific sorption and conversion of formaldehyde on faceted ZIF-8 microcrystals and observed preferential adsorption on high-index planes. They have also visualized unsaturated nanodomains and found structure sensitive conversion mediated by Lewis acidity on defective ZIF-8 crystals.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Javier Perez-Ramirez, Bert M. Weckhuysen, Maria E. Southall
CATALYSIS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Laurens D. B. Mandemaker, Christia Jabbour, Nikolaos Nikolopoulos, Joren M. Dorresteijn, Miguel Rivera-Torrente, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: The growth mechanisms and molecular phenomena of UiO-67, UU-1, and ZIF-8 metal-organic framework (MOF) films on transparent substrates are studied using transmission-based characterization. UiO-67 follows a Volmer-Weber growth mechanism with assistance from solution-grown seeds. UU-1 exhibits fiber-like morphology and inter-fiber macroporosity, while ZIF-8 shows a similar Volmer-Weber growth mode. CO probe molecule adsorption FT-IR spectroscopy reveals the effects of methanol exposure, with UiO-67 becoming inaccessible to CO, UU-1 undergoing a topotactic transformation, and ZIF-8 remaining stable with impurity removal. This approach opens new possibilities for studying other film materials using transmission-based spectroscopy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Agneev Mukherjee, Pieter Bruijnincx, Martin Junginger
Summary: The maritime sector accounts for a significant amount of global greenhouse gas emissions and is facing pressure to decarbonise. Renewable fuels show potential, but their high costs are a barrier. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) can enhance marine fuel decarbonisation, but adds to the cost. This study compares the costs of four renewable carbon fuels and considers the impact of carbon taxation. The results show that without carbon taxation, renewable fuels are not competitive, and methanol and DME produced using CO2 capture are the most cost-effective options.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arjan T. Smit, Emanuela Bellinetto, Thomas Dezaire, Oussama Boumezgane, Luke A. Riddell, Stefano Turri, Michiel Hoek, Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx, Gianmarco Griffini
Summary: This study presents a novel strategy for tailoring lignin molar mass and hydroxyl group reactivity in polyurethane (PU) coatings. By fractionation and partial depolymerization, lignin fractions with specific molar mass ranges were obtained, allowing the production of coatings with different properties. The study also shows that lignin depolymerization can significantly improve lignin reactivity and enhance coating flexibility.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arjan T. Smit, Thomas Dezaire, Luke A. Riddell, Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
Summary: Lignin partial depolymerization by reduction (PDR) is a strategy to modify the molar mass and heterogeneity of technical lignin, and increase its reactivity in polymer applications. The process aims to break the remaining lignin beta-O-4 linkages, reducing the molar mass of large lignin fragments. The PDR process provides control over key lignin characteristics, allowing for tailored biobased polymer properties.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Thuy T. Le, Wei Qin, Ankur Agarwal, Nikolaos Nikolopoulos, Donglong Fu, Matthew D. Patton, Conan Weiland, Simon R. Bare, Jeremy C. Palmer, Bert M. Weckhuysen, Jeffrey D. Rimer
Summary: This study reveals that the presence of a catalytically inactive siliceous exterior rim on ZSM-5 particles can significantly reduce diffusion limitations, leading to an improved catalyst lifetime. The synthesis of Si-zoned ZSM-5 catalysts improves the diffusion properties of the catalyst. Operando ultraviolet-visible light diffuse reflectance spectroscopy shows a substantial reduction in external coking among Si-zoned samples. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that there are significantly reduced transport limitations in the zoned regions, which contributes to the improved catalyst activity of Si-zoned zeolites compared to ZSM-5 with a homogeneous acid-site distribution.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
J. J. Erik Maris, Luke A. Parker, Katarina Stanciakova, Nikolaos Nikolopoulos, Koen M. H. Berendsen, Alfons van Blaaderen, Florian Meirer, Freddy T. Rabouw, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: In this study, we used confocal laser scanning microscopy to investigate the molecular accessibility and diffusion of a small fluorescent dye molecule, resorufin, in the hierarchical, anisotropic pore structure of large zeolite-beta crystals. Our findings revealed that protonated resorufin exhibits strong fluorescence when confined within zeolite micropores, enabling fluorescence microimaging experiments. Through our experiments, we were able to characterize the pore space and quantify the diffusion coefficient in the straight pores of zeolite-beta. We also observed that diffusion is impeded when crossing the boundaries between zeolite subunits.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Florian Zand, Suzanne J. T. Hangx, Christopher J. Spiers, Peter J. van den Brink, James Burns, Matthew G. Boebinger, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Matteo Monai, Bert M. Weckhuysen
Summary: Understanding and controlling the structure and composition of nanoparticles in supported metal catalysts are crucial for improving chemical processes. Atom probe tomography (APT) is a powerful tool for three-dimensional chemical imaging of materials with nanometer resolution. However, APT has not been used for mesoporous oxide-supported metal catalysts due to sample fracture. In this study, we developed a high-pressure resin impregnation strategy to overcome this issue and successfully applied APT to high-porous supported Pd-Ni catalyst materials active in CO2 hydrogenation. Our results demonstrate the capability of APT to quantitatively assess the size, composition, and metal distribution of nanoparticles in industrial catalysts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Luke A. Riddell, Floris J. P. A. Enthoven, Jean-Pierre B. Lindner, Florian Meirer, Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
Summary: In order to fully utilize the potential of kraft lignin in material applications, it is important to have precise control over physicochemical parameters that determine the properties of lignin-derived materials. This study demonstrates that fractionation combined with systematic modification offers a powerful strategy to expand and tailor the properties of lignin. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of kraft lignin can be tuned over a significant range, allowing for precise control over this key property.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Razvan C. Cioc, Eva Harsevoort, Martin Lutz, Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx
Summary: Diels-Alder cycloaddition is an important transformation in chemistry, especially in the synthesis of versatile bio-based platform molecules. However, the reactivity of common furanic compounds presents a major challenge for industrial applications. In this study, we report a highly efficient intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction between allyl acetals of different furfurals, resulting in the formation of oxanorbornene derivatives with high chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity. These derivatives can be easily diversified into valuable products, offering potential for scalable production of renewable chemical building blocks from inexpensive bioderived platform molecules.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mark J. J. Mangnus, Vincent R. M. Benning, Bettina Baumgartner, P. Tim Prins, Thomas P. van Swieten, Ayla J. H. Dekker, Alfons van Blaaderen, Bert M. Weckhuysen, Andries Meijerink, Freddy T. Rabouw
Summary: This study investigates the influence of solvent and gas environments on the photoluminescence (PL) properties of lanthanide-doped nanocrystals, and explains the changes in PL spectrum and excited-state lifetimes using energy transfer mediated by molecular vibrations. EVET-mediated quenching holds promise for probing the local chemical environment of nanocrystals dispersed in a liquid or exposed to gaseous molecules.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qingyuan Zheng, Jack H. Williams, Scott Elgersma, Mick D. Mantle, Andrew J. Sederman, G. Leendert Bezemer, Constant M. Guedon, Lynn F. Gladden
Summary: In this study, a pilot-scale fixed-bed reactor compatible with NMR/MRI was developed for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Multiple magnetic resonance techniques were applied to quantitatively characterize different product species within catalyst pellets, providing valuable information for catalyst and reactor optimization.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lisa Ramisch, Sebastian Pfaff, Sabrina M. Gericke, Edvin Lundgren, Johan Zetterberg
Summary: We present a combination of optical operando techniques that allow simultaneous measurement of adsorbed species on catalyst surfaces, monitoring of surface oxide formation, and imaging of the gas phase above the catalyst surface. The experimental setup was validated by studying CO oxidation on Pd(100) at different pressures, revealing the effects of pressure on the heterogeneous catalytic reaction.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Marta Paniagua, Gabriel Morales, Juan A. Melero, Daniel Garcia-Salgado
Summary: The influence of common impurities in levulinic acid on the catalytic performance of different acid catalysts for bio-jet fuel production was studied. It was found that furfural had the greatest detrimental effect on catalyst performance, while propyl-sulfonic acid-modified SBA-15 and sulfonic acid resin Amberlyst-70 showed good regeneration ability.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jesus Tapiador, Pedro Leo, Guillermo Calleja, Gisela Orcajo
Summary: This study presents a new MOF material, Zn-URJC-13, with acid and basic sites, permanent porosity, and high affinity to CO2 molecules. The Zn-URJC-13 catalyst exhibits efficient performance in CO2 cycloaddition reactions and can be reused multiple times.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Dan Zhao, Vita A. Kondratenko, Dmitry E. Doronkin, Shanlei Han, Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt, Uwe Rodemerck, David Linke, Evgenii V. Kondratenko
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of cheap and commercially available Zr or Ti-based supports and ZnO to serve as active and selective catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). The catalytically active species formed in situ under PDH conditions consist of isolated ZnOx. ZnOx on the surface of LaZrOx shows the highest rate of propene formation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hanbyeol Kim, Jung Rae Kim, Young-Kwon Park, Jeong-Myeong Ha, Jungho Jae
Summary: In this study, metal phosphates were used as catalysts for biomass conversion to produce sustainable aromatics through DielsAlder cycloaddition reactions. The effects of synthesis method, activation method, and P/Ti molar ratio on the structure and acid properties of titanium phosphate catalysts were systematically studied. The mesoporous titanium phosphate catalyst synthesized by hydrothermal method at 180℃ for 12 h followed by ethanol refluxing at 60℃ for 24 h at a molar P/Ti ratio of 1 showed the highest surface area and acid site density.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yasin Khani, Sumin Pyo, Kwang-Eun Jeong, Chul-Ung Kim, Moonis Ali Khan, Byong-Hun Jeon, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Siyoung Q. Choi, Young-Kwon Park
Summary: A protonated form of Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (H-ZSM-5) catalyst was synthesized through a hydrothermal method using different sources of silica. The effect of loading the catalyst with yttrium, samarium, and gadolinium on the acidic properties was investigated. Among the metal-loaded catalysts, the Sm/LHZ catalyst showed the best performance in the methanol to propylene conversion due to its high amount of weak and intermediate acid sites, while the Gd-LHZ catalyst increased the selectivity towards ethane and propane.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Michael Franc, Ivana Cisarova, Jan Vesely
Summary: The present study investigates an enantioselective cyclization of enals with imidazolone derivatives catalyzed by a combination of achiral Pd(0) complex and chiral secondary amine. Corresponding spirocyclic imidazolones were produced in high yields with moderate diastereoselectivity and excellent enantioselectivity. The developed co-operative catalytic methodology provides a highly substituted spirocyclic scaffold with four stereogenic centers under mild conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mauro Alvarez, Jennifer Cueto, David P. Serrano, Pablo Marin, Salvador Ordonez
Summary: This study focuses on improving the formulation and preparation methods of catalysts for the production of dimethyl carbonate. By using suitable catalyst preparation methods and copper salt precursors, the researchers successfully produced catalysts with optimal performance for dimethyl carbonate formation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Claudia J. Keijzer, Luc C. J. Smulders, Dennie Wezendonk, Jan Willem de Rijk, Petra E. de Jongh
Summary: This study investigates the catalytic behavior of alpha-alumina supported silver catalysts in the presence of chloride. It is found that the particle size of silver can affect the selectivity of the catalyst, but different strategies lead to different results. In this size range, the selectivity of ethylene oxide is correlated to the Ag : Al2O3 surface ratio.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Takeshi Aihara, Wataru Aoki, Michikazu Hara, Keigo Kamata
Summary: The development of acid-base bifunctional catalysts is important for promoting specific chemical transformations. In this study, Ti-based perovskite oxides were synthesized and used as catalysts for two C-C bond-forming reactions (cyanosilylation and Knoevenagel condensation). The highly pure SrTiO3 nanoparticles with a high specific surface area exhibited the highest catalytic performance, and could be easily recovered and reused.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Olga Gorlova, Petra Pribylova, Eliska Vyskocilova, Katerina Peroutkova, Jan Kohout, Iva Paterova
Summary: This study investigates the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of beta-cyclocitral using tin-modified mixed oxides as catalysts. The optimal reaction conditions and the effects of various factors on the reaction course and selectivity were determined. The results show that tin-modified mixed oxides exhibit high activity and selectivity in the oxidation reaction.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. I. Avila, M. M. Alonso-Doncel, L. Briones, G. Gomez-Pozuelo, J. M. Escola, D. P. Serrano, A. Peral, J. A. Botas
Summary: The catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignin using ion-exchanged zeolite catalysts showed significant improvements in bio-oil quality and the production of aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Enrico Catizzone, Giorgia Ferrarelli, Paolo Bruno, Girolamo Giordano, Massimo Migliori
Summary: The acid-catalysed alcohol conversion reaction is a promising route for de-fossilization strategies. Research on pure alcohol conversion and simultaneous dehydration of mixed alcohols have shown different product compositions, with the type and distribution of acid sites affecting the reaction mechanism.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Alireza Ranjbari, Juho Kim, Jihee Yu, Jiyun Kim, Mireu Park, Nayoung Kim, Kristof Demeestere, Philippe M. Heynderickx
Summary: This study investigated a novel kinetic model for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange using commercial ZnO and reduced ZnO photocatalysts. The results provided new insights into the interaction of catalysts with molecules of different charges and compared with a previous study on methylene blue. The presence of oxygen vacancies in ZnO and their effects on adsorption and photocatalytic degradation were analyzed, and the photocatalytic degradation rate of reduced ZnO was found to increase significantly.
