Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Guilian Chen, Tong Wang, Lirong Zhong, Xinghui He, Chunxia Huang, Yingmin Wang, Kun Li
Summary: Telemedicine is a feasible way to prevent pressure injuries among patients with spinal cord injuries. It can decrease the incidence and severity of pressure injuries and accelerate patients' healing without imposing an economic burden. It is best used in tandem with other, more conventional interventions.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Farihah Iqbal Khan, Zubair Ahmed
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex and prolonged injury process that leads to loss of neurological functions. Current treatments are limited and novel treatments targeting ongoing injury processes are needed. In a systematic review of studies, combined tetrahedral framework nucleic acid with neural stem cells and Fortasyn (R) Connect supplementation showed significant improvements in functional recovery and attenuated secondary injury processes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ezra Valido, Gabriela Boehl, Joerg Krebs, Juergen Pannek, Stevan Stojic, Atanas G. Atanasov, Marija Glisic, Jivko Stoyanov, Athanasia Mouzaki
Summary: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) have higher infection rates compared to those without SCI. This review investigated the immune status difference between individuals with SCI and without SCI by examining their peripheral immune cells and markers. The results showed that immune cells in individuals with SCI had lower functional capability and exhibited higher levels of leukocytes, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP), and IL6.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Deng, Jun Qiao Lv, Lin Sun
Summary: This study systematically analyzed the experimental treatments and their mechanisms for reducing blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) injury in the early stage of traumatic spinal cord injury (t-SCI). BMSC-Exos, which inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression, are currently the most effective therapeutic modality for alleviating BSCB damage. In addition, the regulation of MMPs, the Akt pathway, and the ER stress pathway play important roles in alleviating BSCB injury.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Francis Raguindin, Alessandro Bertolo, Ramona Maria Zeh, Gion Frankl, Oche Adam Itodo, Simona Capossela, Lia Bally, Beatrice Minder, Mirjam Brach, Inge Eriks-Hoogland, Jivko Stoyanov, Taulant Muka, Marija Glisic
Summary: Individuals with tetraplegia tend to have higher fat composition and higher indicators of central adiposity compared to those with paraplegia, while also exhibiting lower lean mass. This study suggests that anthropometric measures, such as body mass index, may not accurately reflect adiposity in individuals with SCI.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Emma Masterman, Zubair Ahmed
Summary: The study reviewed experimental treatments for spinal cord injury-induced edema, highlighting methods that target AQP4, inflammation modulation, and surgical interventions to improve functional outcomes. Among these, trifluoperazine (TFP) was found to be the most effective in reducing edema by inhibiting AQP4 cell-surface localization.
Review
Pediatrics
Seyed Behnam Jazayeri, Samuel Berchi Kankam, Ali Golestani, Parnian Shobeiri, Morteza Gholami, Mohammad Amin Dabbagh Ohadi, Seyed Farzad Maroufi, Mohammad Reza Fattahi, Hamid Malekzadeh, Seyed Behzad Jazayeri, Zahra Ghodsi, Seyed Mohammad Ghodsi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar
Summary: This study aims to provide insight on the epidemiological characteristics of pediatric traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) worldwide. The study found that the incidence of pediatric TSCI in developed countries is 4.3 cases per million children aged 0-15. Boys comprised 67% of cases and the most prevalent level of injury was cervical. The frequency of SCI Without Obvious Radiological Abnormality (SCIWORA) among children 0-17 was 35%. The etiology of TSCI differed between developing and developed countries.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhenye Zhang, Nan Cheng, Jianfen Liang, Yifan Deng, Ping Xiang, Ziqing Hei, Xiang Li
Summary: This study conducts a meta-analysis to explore the changes in intestinal flora in spinal cord injury animal models. The findings suggest that there is a significant decline in the evenness and richness of the intestinal flora, and certain bacteria may be characteristic of spinal cord injury models. However, further research is needed to address the heterogeneity and limited sample size, and to explore the clinical application of intestinal microbiota and fecal microbiota transplantation therapy.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Louis D. V. Johnson, Mark R. Pickard, William E. B. Johnson
Summary: The effects of mesenchymal stem cell transplants on functional recovery after spinal cord injury have been compared between humans and animal models. While MSC transplants show improved outcomes in both species, differences in delivery modes and timings suggest the need for alternative models to improve translation to clinical trials. Discrepancies in timing of MSC transplant post-injury and source of MSCs between human studies and animal models limit the predictive nature of the research. Further research and recommendations are needed to enhance translation of animal models to MSC-based human clinical therapy.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gan Li, Kim Sia Sng, Bing Shu, Yong-jun Wang, Min Yao, Xue-jun Cui
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a disabling condition that affects motor, sensory, and excretory functions, significantly impacting the patient's quality of life. There is a lack of effective treatments for SCI. However, studies have shown positive effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP). A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of TMP on neurological and motor function recovery in rats with acute SCI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ya-yun Zhang, Min Yao, Ke Zhu, Rui-rui Xue, Jin-hai Xu, Xue-jun Cui, Wen Mo
Summary: This systematic review indicates that EPO can promote the recovery of locomotor function in rats with SCI and has antioxidant effects. Mechanism exploration of EPO needs to be verified through experiments, and carefully designed randomized controlled trials are needed to further explore its neural recovery effects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Surgery
Yuanyuan Qiu, Yaping Chen, Ying Xie, Hongzhi Xie, Jige Dong
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of early and late surgical intervention for acute SCI and found that patients who underwent early surgery experienced greater recovery, better neurological improvement, shorter hospital stays, lower charges, and lower incidence of complications compared to those who had late surgery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jose A. Canseco, Brian A. Karamian, Daniel R. Bowles, Michael P. Markowitz, Stephen L. DiMaria, Nicholas C. Semenza, Mark R. Leibensperger, Michael L. Smith, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Summary: The role of methylprednisolone in treating spinal cord pathologies such as acute spinal cord injury remains controversial, with some data supporting its benefits but also highlighting the risks of systemic adverse effects. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of steroids in treating patients with spinal cord pathology.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Youpeng Hu, Lianxin Li, Binxue Hong, Yizhou Xie, Tong Li, Chaoqun Feng, Fei Yang, Yehui Wang, Jie Zhang, Yang Yu, Xiaohong Fan
Summary: The incidence rate of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is increasing in China. This study provides updated epidemiological data on TSCI in different regions of China. The average incidence rate of TSCI in China is 65.15 per million, with a higher incidence in males, most commonly occurring in the cervical region, and motor vehicle accidents and high falls as the leading causes. Respiratory problems are the most common complication and leading cause of death.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Oche Adam Itodo, Joelle Leonie Flueck, Peter Francis Raguindin, Stevan Stojic, Mirjam Brach, Claudio Perret, Beatrice Minder, Oscar H. Franco, Taulant Muka, Gerold Stucki, Jivko Stoyanov, Marija Glisic
Summary: This study aimed to review and quantify the association between engagement in regular physical activity and/or exercise interventions and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The findings suggest that physically active SCI individuals have better glucose homeostasis profile and cardiorespiratory fitness compared to inactive individuals, but there were no significant differences in blood pressure, heart rate, and lipids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jose A. Canseco, Gregory D. Schroeder, Taylor M. Paziuk, Brian A. Karamian, Frank Kandziora, Emiliano N. Vialle, F. Cumhur Oner, Klaus J. Schnake, Marcel F. Dvorak, Jens R. Chapman, Lorin M. Benneker, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Christopher K. Kepler, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop an injury score for the AO Spine Subaxial Cervical Spine Injury Classification System in order to develop a surgical algorithm. By numerically grading each variable within the classification system for severity, the Subaxial Cervical AO Spine Injury Score was developed.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
O. Lasry, T. Ailon, R. Charest-Morin, N. Dea, M. Dvorak, C. Fisher, A. Gara, B. Kwon, E. Lloyd-Smith, S. Paquette, T. Wong, J. Street
Summary: This study assessed the accuracy of four independent data sources in capturing SSIs after spine surgery and estimated a measurement-error-adjusted SSI incidence. The most sensitive data source was DAD and the most specific data source was IPAC. The measurement-error-adjusted SSI incidence was 0.030.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Philippe Beauchamp-Chalifour, Alana M. Flexman, John T. Street, Charles G. Fisher, Tamir Ailon, Marcel F. Dvorak, Brian K. Kwon, Scott J. Paquette, Nicolas Dea, Raphaele Charest-Morin
Summary: This study found that frailty can predict postoperative adverse events in spine surgery patients, but does not impact patients' self-reported outcomes at 3 and 12 months after surgery. Despite higher incidence of adverse events in frail patients, their postoperative outcomes were similar to nonfrail patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Gregory D. Schroeder, Brian A. Karamian, Jose A. Canseco, Luiz R. Vialle, Frank Kandziora, Lorin M. Benneker, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Jorg H. Holstein, Klaus J. Schnake, Mark F. Kurd, Marcel F. Dvorak, Emiliano N. Vialle, Andrei F. Joaquim, Rishi M. Kanna, Michael Fehlings, Jefferson R. Wilson, Jens R. Chapman, James C. Krieg, Conor P. Kleweno, Reza Firoozabadi, F. Cumhur Oner, Christopher K. Kepler, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Summary: The study demonstrated the universal reliability of the AO Spine Sacral Classification System among general orthopaedic surgeons and subspecialists worldwide, with substantial interobserver and excellent intraobserver reliability. The classification system successfully delineated difficult injury subtypes, and showed high levels of agreement and reproducibility in assessments.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jan Rosner, Michael Negraeff, Lise M. Belanger, Angela Tsang, Leanna Ritchie, Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong, Sean Christie, Jefferson R. Wilson, Sanjay Dhall, Raphaele Charest-Morin, John Street, Tamir Ailon, Scott Paquette, Nicolas Dea, Charles G. Fisher, Marcel F. Dvorak, Nanna B. Finnerup, Brian K. Kwon, John L. K. Kramer
Summary: There is a lack of information about neuropathic pain in the early stages of spinal cord injury. This study used the DN4 questionnaire to assess neuropathic pain in patients within the first 5 days of injury and at follow-up times up to 12 months. The results showed that both at- and below-level neuropathic pain were reported in the early stages, and late presenting neuropathic pain had different characteristics compared to hyperacute pain. These findings are important for clinical trial design and understanding the mechanisms of neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nader Fallah, Vanessa K. Noonan, Zeina Waheed, Carly S. Rivers, Tova Plashkes, Manekta Bedi, Mahyar Etminan, Nancy P. Thorogood, Tamir Ailon, Elaine Chan, Nicolas Dea, Charles Fisher, Raphaele Charest-Morin, Scott Paquette, SoEyun Park, John T. Street, Brian K. Kwon, Marcel F. Dvorak
Summary: This study developed and validated a prognostic tool called SCIRS for predicting mortality following tSCI. By using machine learning techniques on patient-level data, the study found that SCIRS outperformed the ISS in predicting in-hospital and 1-year mortality.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dandurand Charlotte, N. Hindi Mathew, Ailon Tamir, Boyd Michael, Charest-Morin Raphaele, Dea Nicolas, Dvorak Marcel, Fisher Charles, K. Kwon Brian, Paquette Scott, Street John
Summary: This study aimed to assess trends in length of hospital stay (LOS) at a high-volume quaternary care spine center. The results showed that LOS has not changed overall, but has increased for patients with degenerative pathology. Factors such as age and diagnostic category were found to be associated with LOS and adverse events.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brian A. Karamian, Gregory D. Schroeder, Mark J. Lambrechts, Jose A. Canseco, Emiliano N. Vialle, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Lorin M. Benneker, Marcel R. Dvorak, Frank Kandziora, Cumhur Oner, Klaus Schnake, Christopher K. Kepler, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Summary: This study aimed to explore the influence of geographic region on the AO Spine Sacral Classification System. The results showed that both fracture morphology and subtype classification had substantial reliability across all geographic regions.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
James A. G. Crispo, Lisa J. W. Liu, Vanessa K. Noonan, Nancy P. Thorogood, Brian K. Kwon, Marcel F. Dvorak, Dylan Thibault, Allison Willis, Jacquelyn J. Cragg
Summary: This study examined tSCI hospitalizations among children in the United States and found that older, male, and Black children were disproportionately affected by tSCI. Hospitalizations involving Black children were more likely to be caused by firearm incidents or assault compared to hospitalizations of White children.
TOPICS IN SPINAL CORD INJURY REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Azimatu Fangnon, Marc Dvorak, Ville Havu, Milica Todorovic, Jingrui Li, Patrick Rinke
Summary: The protection of halide perovskites is crucial for the performance and stability of optoelectronic technologies. This study investigates the effectiveness of ZnO, SrZrO3, and ZrO2 as protective coatings for CsPbI3 perovskite. The atomic structure and level alignment at the coating-substrate interfaces are analyzed using density functional theory. The results suggest that ZnO and SrZrO3 act as insulators, while ZrO2 could potentially be used as an electron transport layer.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Milos Dvorak, Manuel Miro, Pavel Kuban
Summary: A hyphenated analytical platform integrating sequential injection (SI) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) is proposed for fully automated analyses of dried blood spots (DBSs). The platform demonstrates high precision, flexibility, and applicability.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cameron M. Gee, Angela Tsang, Lise M. Belanger, Leanna Ritchie, Tamir Ailon, Scott Paquette, Raphaele Charest-Morin, Nicolas Dea, John Street, Charles G. Fisher, Marcel F. Dvorak, Brian K. Kwon
Summary: This study examined the feasibility of meeting clinical guidelines for hemodynamic management in acute spinal cord injury patients. The findings suggest that maintaining mean arterial pressure within the recommended range is challenging due to minute-to-minute fluctuations and variability.
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Mohammed Karim, Charles Fisher, Andrew Glennie, Raja Rampersaud, John Street, Marcel Dvorak, Scott Paquette, Brian K. Kwon, Raphaele Charest-Morin, Tamir Ailon, Neil Manson, Edward Abraham, Ken Thomas, Jennifer Urquhart, Christopher S. Bailey
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between sagittal and spinopelvic alignment and preoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) with spinal stenosis. The study found that sagittal and spinopelvic malalignment do not appear to significantly influence baseline PROs in patients with DLS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark J. Lambrechts, Gregory D. Schroeder, Brian A. Karamian, Jose A. Canseco, Cumhur Oner, Emiliano Vialle, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran, Olesja Hazenbiller, Marcel R. Dvorak, Lorin M. Benneker, Frank Kandziora, Klaus Schnake, Christopher K. Kepler, Alexander R. Vaccaro
Summary: With optimized webinar-based validation techniques, the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System demonstrated significant improvements in interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility in 2020 compared to 2018. Stringent fracture classification methodology is crucial for obtaining accurate classification results.
GLOBAL SPINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michael A. Skinnider, Jason Rogalski, Seth Tigchelaar, Neda Manouchehri, Anna Prudova, Angela M. Jackson, Karina Nielsen, Jaihyun Jeong, Shalini Chaudhary, Katelyn Shortt, Ylonna Gallagher-Kurtzke, Kitty So, Allan Fong, Rishab Gupta, Elena B. Okon, Michael A. Rizzuto, Kevin Dong, Femke Streijger, Lise Belanger, Leanna Ritchie, Angela Tsang, Sean Christie, Jean-Marc Mac-Thiong, Christopher Bailey, Tamir Ailon, Raphaele Charest-Morin, Nicolas Dea, Jefferson R. Wilson, Sanjay Dhall, Scott Paquette, John Street, Charles G. Fisher, Marcel F. Dvorak, Casey Shannon, Christoph Borchers, Robert Balshaw, Leonard J. Foster, Brian K. Kwon
Summary: The research utilized targeted proteomic analyses on cerebrospinal fluid and serum samples from acute SCI patients and a large animal model, identifying protein biomarkers of injury severity and recovery, and establishing a prognostic model of neurological improvement. By conducting cross-species proteomic analyses, the study dissected evolutionarily conserved and divergent aspects of the SCI response, and validated the abundance of glial fibrillary acidic protein in cerebrospinal fluid as a biochemical outcome measure.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2021)