Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Giovanni Adami
Summary: The environment plays a crucial role in the development of various diseases, including rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases. Chronic exposure to air pollution has detrimental effects on the immune system, including direct activation of autoimmunity and production of autoantibodies. Rheumatoid arthritis is an example of how environmental stimuli can trigger autoimmunity. Evidence has shown that hard rock mining and chronic exposure to fine particulate matter in the air are associated with an increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.
Review
Immunology
Ramin Lotfi, Rasoul Nasiri Kalmarzi, Misagh Rajabinejad, Sabah Hasani, Fatemeh Zamani
Summary: The semaphorins play important roles in both the nervous system and the immune system, participating in various physiological and pathological immune responses, particularly in immunological disorders. They transduce signals by connecting to their receptors, with some molecules promoting remyelination while others inhibiting this process.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wei Huang, Ke Rui, Xiaomeng Wang, Na Peng, Wenhao Zhou, Xiaofei Shi, Liwei Lu, Dajun Hu, Jie Tian
Summary: As a ligand-activated transcription factor, AhR is activated by diverse ligands derived from the environment, diet, microorganisms, and metabolic activity. Recent studies have revealed that AhR regulates both innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as cell differentiation and function. This review discusses the activation mechanism of AhR, its role in immune regulation, and the potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune disorders.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasa Kustrimovic, Daniela Gallo, Eliana Piantanida, Luigi Bartalena, Adriana Lai, Nicola Zerbinati, Maria Laura Tanda, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: Maintaining the delicate balance between immune response and tolerance is crucial for health. T regulatory cells play a pivotal role in preserving self-tolerance and suppressing inflammation. In Graves' disease, these cells are likely impaired or reduced in frequency. Understanding the role of Tregs in Graves' disease is important for developing new treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shu-Mei Yang, Kuo-Cheng Yeh, Shin-Liang Pan
Summary: The study found that patients with spinal cord injury are at a higher risk of developing sensorineural hearing loss compared to those without spinal cord injury, with patients with non-cervical spinal cord injury having a higher risk.
Review
Immunology
Francesca Ingegnoli, Silvia Cavalli, Laura Giudice, Roberto Caporali
Summary: The current ideal goal of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management is to resolve inflammation, but many patients fail to reach optimal disease control. This review examines the potential impact of caffeine on RA management, highlighting the need for further research and addressing knowledge gaps.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hyerin Gu, Jooyoung Lee, Yunjee Hwang, Jichul Kim, Somi Lee, Seog Ju Kim
Summary: This study investigated burnout and associated factors in different types of shift workers. The findings showed that both types of shift workers had higher levels of exhaustion, cynicism, and poor professional efficacy compared to non-shift workers. Among shift workers, those with irregular shifts had higher levels of exhaustion and poor professional efficacy than those with regular rotating shifts.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kuo-Wei Lee, Chen-Cheng Yang, Chun-Hung Chen, Chih-Hsing Hung, Hung-Yi Chuang
Summary: In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between shift work and dementia. The results showed a modest association between shift work and an increase in dementia cases. Long-term night work was also found to be associated with a higher risk of developing dementia.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Miyo K. Chatanaka, Dorsa Sohaei, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Ioannis Prassas
Summary: The amyloid hypothesis has been the leading explanation for the development of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but recent evidence suggests that other factors, such as the neurovascular hypothesis, mitochondrial cascade hypothesis, inflammatory hypothesis, prion hypothesis, mutational accumulation hypothesis, and autoimmunity hypothesis, also contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. This review discusses the association between autoimmunity and AD, including factors like sex, gut and lung microbiomes, age, genetics, and environmental factors. The rise of autoimmune phenomena in AD is explored, including blood-brain barrier breakdown, pathogen infections, and dysfunction of the glymphatic system. The dysregulation of the immune system in AD, immunomodulating therapies, and future directions in the field of autoimmunity and neurodegeneration are also discussed.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayodeji A. Olabiyi, Lisandra E. de Castro Bras
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is a major health burden globally, and the use of dietary and herbal preparations as alternative therapies is gaining momentum. However, there is a lack of research on combining pharmaceutical drugs, diet, and herbs to target different pathways in treating cardiovascular disease.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Y. Martyn, D. McElvenny
Summary: The transition from day work to shift work is associated with dietary changes in Danish nurses, with an increase in consumption of fatty meat, sausages, and cream/whipped cream/butter, and a decrease in potato and vegetable intake. Employers should consider implementing health promotion activities and providing healthy eating options for nurses transitioning into shift work.
OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD
(2022)
Review
Pathology
Rasmus Iversen, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: Among HLA-associated disorders, celiac disease is well understood in terms of immunopathogenesis. This disease is characterized by hypersensitivity to gluten proteins and affects the gut. Diagnosis can be made by detecting autoantibodies to transglutaminase 2 in the blood. This review provides insights into the immunobiology of this common disorder that lies between food hypersensitivity and autoimmunity.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Safa Salim, Fatima Ahmad, Ayesha Banu, Farhan Mohammad
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by ⍺-synuclein aggregation-mediated dopaminergic neuronal loss, leading to motor and non-motor symptoms. Inflammation-mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cytokine-induced toxicity are believed to be involved in the neuronal damage and loss associated with PD. The gut and brain have been found to play important roles in the pathogenesis of PD. This review summarizes the impact of gut microbiome alterations on PD pathogenesis and proposes early interventions and dietary modifications as potential protective measures against PD development.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yi Du, Kaijun Li, Wei Liu, Ruitong Song, Meifeng Luo, Jianfeng He, Xiaoyu Xu, Xiaosheng Qu
Summary: This article reviews the recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with NMOSD, as well as the pathogenesis and mechanisms of AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katie Allen, Ayazullah Safi, Sanjoy K. Deb
Summary: Police officers are at high risk of obesity and cardiometabolic health conditions due to their shift work. This study aimed to understand the impact of different shift types on the dietary habits of UK police officers. The results showed that the diet quality was worse on all shifts compared to rest days and was negatively correlated with BMI. Barriers to healthy eating included lack of time, motivation, and cost. Police-specific dietary interventions are needed to address these barriers and promote behavior change.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Khalaf Kridin, Ralf J. Ludwig
Summary: In this retrospective cohort study, patients with acne treated with isotretinoin had a lower risk of depression compared to those treated with oral antibiotics, but a comparable risk of major depressive disorder. The risk of suicidal attempts was similar between the two groups, but patients under isotretinoin had a higher risk of suicidal ideation. Patients under isotretinoin also had a lower risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and adjustment disorder. The study suggests that isotretinoin may confer a lower risk of several psychiatric comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mostafa Al-Sharkawi, Veronica Calonga-Solis, Franz F. Dressler, Hauke Busch, Olaf Hiort, Ralf Werner
Summary: Research has shown that impaired virilisation may occur in certain 46,XY individuals with defects in androgen synthesis or action, despite normal testicular development. A recent case study of a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) revealed abnormal expression of HSD17B3 in Sertoli cells (SCs) and not in Leydig cells (LCs), suggesting a defect in testicular development and function. This study investigates the impact of altered androgen signalling in the gonads of five individuals with defects in androgen synthesis or action.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Khalaf Kridin, Artem Vorobyev, Cristian Papara, David A. De Luca, Katja Bieber, Ralf J. Ludwig
Summary: Identification of risk factors and sequelae of diseases is crucial for primary prevention and disease management. This study used TriNetX to identify risk factors and sequelae of the rare autoimmune disease EBA. The findings revealed chronic inflammatory diseases, especially lupus erythematosus and lichen planus, as the highest risk factors for EBA development and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, and thrombosis as the most common sequelae after EBA diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Julie Van Coillie, Tamas Pongracz, Johann Rahmoeller, Hung-Jen Chen, Chiara Elisabeth Geyer, Lonneke A. van Vught, Jana Sophia Buhre, Tonci Sustic, Thijs Luc Junior van Osch, Maurice Steenhuis, Willianne Hoepel, Wenjun Wang, Anne Sophie Lixenfeld, Jan Nouta, Sofie Keijzer, Federica Linty, Remco Visser, Mads Delbo Larsen, Emily Lara Martin, Inga Kuensting, Selina Lehrian, Vera von Kopylow, Carsten Kern, Hanna Bele Lunding, Menno de Winther, Niels van Mourik, Theo Rispens, Tobias Graf, Marleen Adriana Slim, Rene Peter Minnaar, Marije Kristianne Bomers, Jonne Jochum Sikkens, Alexander P. J. Vlaar, C. Ellen van der Schoot, Jeroen den Dunnen, Manfred Wuhrer, Marc Ehlers, Gestur Vidarsson
Summary: The BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine induces transient afucosylated anti-S IgG1 responses in naive individuals, but not in antigen-experienced ones. Further studies are needed to determine the clinical context in which potent afucosylated responses would be preferred.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michael Olbrich, Axel Kuenstner, Hauke Busch
Summary: This study presents the development of a Microbiome Batch Effects Correction Suite, which integrates multiple batch effect correcting algorithms and evaluation metrics into a statistical computation software package R.
BMC BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Siska Wilantri, Hanna Grasshoff, Tanja Lange, Timo Gaber, Luciana Besedovsky, Frank Buttgereit
Summary: Research on 24-h rhythms over the past four decades has revealed their significance for immunity and various diseases through genetic, molecular, and physiological findings. Disruption and misalignment of circadian rhythms have been linked to diseases and abnormal physiological functioning, highlighting their fundamental importance to mammals. This article provides an overview of the molecular regulation of 24-h rhythms, their impact on immunity, the detrimental effects of misalignment, the association between pathological rhythms and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and the potential use of chronobiological rhythms for chronotherapy in inflammatory autoimmune diseases like RA.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Paul-Martin Holterhus, Alexandra Kulle, Hauke Busch, Malte Spielmann
Summary: Critical genetic and hormonal switches are crucial in fetal sex development and determine gonadal sex as well as the differentiation of genital and somatic sex phenotype. Recent data show that these switches can have variable effects and lead to a broad spectrum of differences in biological sex development and diversity in genital and somatic sex phenotypes. SRY and testosterone are important upstream switches for gonadal and phenotypic sex determination, while AMH plays a key role in the inhibition of female genital development. Advances in technology, such as single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, will provide further insights into these molecular switches.
MEDIZINISCHE GENETIK
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Ralf J. Ludwig, Esther von Stebut
Summary: The epidemiology and clinical presentation of inflammatory dermatoses vary considerably between people with different colors of skin. It is important to know the epidemiology and recognize key clinical characteristics of these diseases in patients with skin of color (SOC) in order to provide excellent dermatological care for all patients.
Article
Immunology
Stefan Rosenberger, Reinmar Undeutsch, Reza Akbarzadeh, Justus Ohmes, Philipp Enghard, Gabriela Riemekasten, Jens Y. Humrich
Summary: Treg cells play a regulatory role in controlling the activation and expansion of autoreactive CD4(+) T cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Stefan Tukaj, Katja Bieber, Wiebke Pruessmann, Jasper N. Pruessmann, Enno Schmidt, Detlef Zillikens, Ralf J. Ludwig, Michael Kasperkiewicz
Summary: Healthy individuals with BP autoantibody reactivity have abnormal vitamin D levels and a specific cytokine profile.
ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Khalaf Kridin, Keren Lyakhovitsky, Erez Onn, Anna Lyakhovitsky, Ralf Ludwig, Orly Weinstein, Arnon D. Cohen
Summary: There is a bidirectional association between vitiligo and psoriasis.
ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)