Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qian Hu, Na Kong, Yingjie Chai, Zhenyu Xing, Yukai Wu, Jieying Zhang, Fuyou Li, Xingjun Zhu
Summary: Lanthanide luminescence nanothermometers (LNTs) are microscopic, highly sensitive, and visualizable optical tools used for temperature sensing in biomedicine. This study presents a lanthanide-doped nanocomposite that enhances the near-infrared emissions of Tm3+ through cross-relaxation processes, enabling temperature detection based on bioimaging in vivo.
NANOSCALE HORIZONS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei Wang, Yuying Ma, Tianyi Wang, Kai Ding, Wei Zhao, Long Jiao, Dengkun Shu, Chenyang Li, Feiguo Hua, Hong Jiang, Shuhua Tong, Shuo Yang, Yonghao Ni, Bowen Cheng
Summary: A breathable flexible strain sensor with a double-layered conductive network structure was designed and developed, showing high sensitivity, wide working range, fast response, and excellent stability, with potential applications in human motion detection and health monitoring.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Runhui Zhou, Yufei Zhang, Fan Xu, Zhuoyu Song, Jiaoya Huang, Zemin Li, Chen Gao, Jiang He, Wenchao Gao, Caofeng Pan
Summary: Strain sensors for wearable devices face a challenge in balancing high resolution, sensitivity, and detection range. A novel design using hierarchical synergistic structure (HSS) of Au micro cracks and carbon black nanoparticles overcomes this challenge, resulting in a strain sensor with high sensitivity, strain resolution, broad detection range, stability, and response speed. The sensor is successfully used to monitor carotid pulse signals during body movement, showcasing its potential in health monitoring, human-machine interface, human motion detection, and electronic skin applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuan Zhu, Yongjin Wu, Dongdong Xie, Yanxin Zhang, Yunna Sun, Zhuoqing Yang, Guifu Ding
Summary: High tactile sensors are crucial for various areas including human-machine interaction, intelligent medical monitoring, and industrial robots. However, achieving high sensitivity and wide range is challenging due to the trade-off between parameters. In this study, a novel tactile sensor based on a multicontact structure is introduced, which shows outstanding sensitivity and other desirable characteristics such as low detection limit and short response time.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael Stevens, Guolin Yun, Tawfique Hasan
Summary: A novel porous composite filled with liquid metal and nickel particles shows exceptional pressure sensitivity over an extremely wide range. The interconnected micropores reduce stiffness, enabling significant deformations, and conductivity changes under pressure. The composite achieves a seven-order-of-magnitude conductivity increase from 0 - 1 MPa and an excellent linear response over 1 - 8.9 MPa, far outperforming the state-of-the-art.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xudong Chen, Wenhuan Chen, Yue Liu, Shijie Liu, Shuo Zhang, Qi Yan, Weimin Sun, Tao Geng
Summary: A long period fiber grating prepared by multimode fibers (MMF-LPFG) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated as a sensitivity-enhanced strain sensor, which has high sensitivity and a large dynamic range in strain measurement.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yang Liu, Cheng Li, Buxuan Li, Shanshan Lu, Shangchun Fan, Shuxuan Dong, Zhen Wan, Mengxian Shen
Summary: By developing an enlarged backing air cavity (EBC) structure, the mechanical sensitivity (S-M) of a graphene-based Fabry-Perot (F-P) acoustic sensor can be further enhanced, resulting in improved acoustic characteristics and performance for weak acoustic sensing and speech recognition applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zahra Mehrjoo, Amir Ebrahimi, Kamran Ghorbani
Summary: In this article, a wide dynamic range reflective mode displacement sensor is designed based on the resonance frequency shift. The sensor enhances linearity and improves dynamic range by using a tapered metallic patch that forms the capacitance of the sensor. The sensing principle is analyzed using an accurate circuit model and electromagnetic simulations, and the concept can be extended to a 2-D displacement sensor.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huaicheng Zhang, Hui Zhang, Liangtao Hou, Meng Zhang, Jiuru Yang
Summary: A thin-core fiber based in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer is proposed and experimented, achieving significant improvement in linearity and elimination of temperature crosstalk. The system shows promising results for long-range liquid level sensing applications, with potential for 16-fold enhancement of detection limit through active sensing systems.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zhigang Gao, Yuhui Feng, Hailiang Chen, Qiang Chen, Yuxin Li, Mengwei Zhang
Summary: We propose a temperature and refractive index sensing probe based on a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a silver film coating. We suggest a simple method for coating silver films on the periphery of the PCF, solving previous difficulties. The sensing probe achieves dual-parameter sensing of refractive index and temperature using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the temperature-sensitive material. The experimental results demonstrate wide measurement range and high sensitivity of the sensing probe.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ji Liu, Pengyu Nan, Qin Tian, Xiaokun Sun, Hangting Yang, Hangzhou Yang
Summary: A novel sensitivity enhanced strain sensor based on the two-arm Vernier Effect has been proposed and demonstrated, showing a greater magnification factor compared to traditional sensors. Optimization of the diamond metal frame structure using finite element methods has been shown to increase the magnification factor. Experimental results indicate that the sensor, with an optimized structure, can achieve higher magnification while controlling costs effectively.
IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xihua Cui, Yue Jiang, Lin Hu, Miao Cao, Hongyan Xie, Xianchao Zhang, Fengli Huang, Zhiguang Xu, Yutian Zhu
Summary: This study proposes a synergistically microstructured flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity and wide linear range. The sensor shows continuous and sensitive resistance changes under pressure due to the synergistic effect of its microdeformations. It exhibits high performance and stability, making it suitable for various applications including human pressure monitoring and human-machine interfaces.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xueyang Liu, Chuanliang Li, Zhentao Wang, Yifeng Li, Jianqiu Huang, Huiyang Yu
Summary: This paper presents flexible pressure sensors based on 3D printing technology, with a sandwich structure design and a hollow prism structure pressure sensitive layer. Experimental synthesis of three kinds of flexible composite dielectrics demonstrated that the sensor with PDMS doping both BaTiO3 and CNTs showed the highest sensitivity, 1.3 times that of the reference sensor, indicating that fabricating composite dielectrics in this way has the potential to improve device performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhecheng Wang, Fei Kong, Pengju Zhao, Zhehua Huang, Pei Yu, Ya Wang, Fazhan Shi, Jiangfeng Du
Summary: Developing robust microwave-field sensors is important in a wide range of applications. The nitrogen vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a suitable candidate due to its sensitivity, stability, and compatibility. However, existing NV center-based magnetometers have limited sensitivity in the microwave band. This study presents a continuous heterodyne detection scheme that enhances the sensor's response to weak microwaves, achieving a sensitivity of 8.9 pT Hz(-1/2) for microwaves of 2.9 GHz. The scheme removes control pulses and benefits practical applications of diamond-based microwave sensors.
Article
Optics
Pablo Roldan-Varona, Mauro Lomer, Jose Francisco Algorri, Luis Rodriguez-Cobo, Jose Miguel Lopez-Higuera
Summary: This paper presents the design, simulation, and manufacturing of a CYTOP-based refractive index sensor for aqueous solutions, which demonstrates high sensitivity in the range of 1.315-1.333 and remarkable insensitivity to temperature. The sensor utilizes a polished fiber and a diffraction grating to achieve sensing capabilities.
Article
Physics, Applied
Shiming Song, Min Jiang, Yushu Qin, Yu Tong, Wenzhe Zhang, Xi Qin, Ren-Bao Liu, Xinhua Peng
Summary: This study demonstrates a spin-noise spectroscopic approach to investigate collision phenomena. By measuring optical polarization rotation noise, the approach provides a tool to observe collision-sensitive spin noise and determine key collision parameters.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yue Cui, Weng-Hang Leong, Chu-Feng Liu, Kangwei Xia, Xi Feng, Csilla Gergely, Ren-Bao Liu, Quan Li
Summary: By using nitrogen-vacancy centers in nano-diamonds, nonlocal deformation sensing on biorelevant soft matters during AFM indentation is demonstrated, providing data for studying elasticity and capillarity without requiring detailed knowledge about the local contact.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Mantas Simenas, James O'Sullivan, Oscar W. Kennedy, Sen Lin, Sarah Fearn, Christoph W. Zollitsch, Gavin Dold, Tobias Schmitt, Peter Schueffelgen, Ren-Bao Liu, John J. L. Morton
Summary: Impurity spins in crystal matrices, particularly group-VI 125Te(+) donors implanted into silicon surfaces, show promise in microwave-domain applications. Surface band bending can ionize near-surface Te to spin-active Te+ state, and optical illumination can further control the Te donor charge state. Zero-field 3.5 GHz clock transition extends spin coherence times to over 1 ms, an order of magnitude longer than other near-surface spin systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonas Meinel, Vadim Vorobyov, Ping Wang, Boris Yavkin, Mathias Pfender, Hitoshi Sumiya, Shinobu Onoda, Junichi Isoya, Ren-Bao Liu, J. Wrachtrup
Summary: Conventional nonlinear spectroscopy can only access a limited set of correlations in a quantum system, while quantum nonlinear spectroscopy can extract arbitrary types and orders of correlations. The authors used quantum nonlinear spectroscopy to measure fourth-order correlations and identified Gaussian noises, random-phased AC fields, and quantum spins.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ruqiang Dou, Guoli Zhu, Weng-Hang Leong, Xi Feng, Zan Li, Chao Lin, Shuo Wang, Quan Li
Summary: In this study, the researchers used fluorescent nanodiamond (ND) to monitor temperature at the nanoscale during a zinc electroplating process in a working device. They discovered a significant difference in temperature measurements between the nanoscale ND sensors and the millimeter-scale resistance temperature detector, and identified the temperature fluctuation resulting from zinc dendrite-growth induced internal short circuit. They also found spatial temperature non-uniformity throughout the entire electroplating process and established a correlation with current fluctuations. This work represents an important advancement in spatially resolved nanothermometry and precise evaluation of local temperature in a working electrochemical device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiaodong Tang, Wanfen Pu, Dan Wang, Shanshan Qu, Yiming Rui, Xuepei Zhao, Renbao Liu
Summary: This study thoroughly investigates the non-isothermal oxidation characteristics of natural gas, focusing on methane. By conducting experiments using an accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC), the oxidation characteristics and kinetic parameters under different conditions are analyzed. The results show that there is no uniform self-exothermic phenomenon under depleted conditions and rock debris has a catalytic effect on methane oxidation. Based on the experimental results, it is suggested to raise the temperature near the wellhole of gas reservoirs to achieve successful and stable combustion.
Article
Physics, Applied
Ping Wang, Wen Yang, Renbao Liu
Summary: We propose a method for constructing projective measurement of nonconserved nuclear spin through a weakly coupled auxiliary electron spin. The method involves applying suitable quantum control on the electron to create a weak quantum nondemolition measurement on the nuclear spin, which can then be cascaded into a projective measurement. We identify tunable parameters to select the appropriate observables and control the strength of the weak measurement, and demonstrate its stability against experimental control errors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Optics
Wen -Long Ma, Shu-Shen Li, Ren-Bao Liu
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between projective measurements and generalized quantum measurements, and provides a proof that projective measurements can be constructed from sequential generalized measurements under certain conditions. The paper also proposes a specific scheme for constructing projective measurements of a quantum system using sequential generalized measurements, and shows that a single ancilla qubit is sufficient for mediating sequential generalized measurements to construct arbitrary projective measurements.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xitao Hu, Yao Gao, Biao Zhang, Le Shi, Quan Li
Summary: This study demonstrates that the crystallographic orientation of Li metal foil plays a crucial role in determining the cycle performance of Li metal batteries. Li foil with {110} texturing shows superior cycling stability compared to Li {100} or pristine Li foils without specific texturing. The enhanced cycle performance of Li {110} is attributed to its low-surface energy/surface diffusion barrier, resulting in dense Li plating and uniform stripping during cycling.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Rancic, M. Le Dantec, S. Lin, S. Bertaina, T. Chaneliere, D. Serrano, P. Goldner, R. B. Liu, E. Flurin, D. Esteve, D. Vion, P. Bertet
Summary: In this study, a 4.4 GHz superconducting planar microresonator was lithographically fabricated on a CaWO4 crystal doped with Er ions at a concentration of 20 ppm relative to Ca. The spectral diffusion processes that limit the electron-spin coherence of Er ions at millikelvin temperatures were characterized using two- and three-pulse echo sequences, showing a strong temperature dependence on the coherence time.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chao Lin, Danni Lan, Jiangpeng Wang, Qidong Li, Quan Li
Summary: Cu4SnP10 nanowires, a potential anode material for sodium-ion batteries, exhibit poor cycling stability. By using transmission electron microscopy-based techniques, this study reveals that phase segregation-driven active material loss is the main cause of the cycle-dependent capacity decay in Cu4SnP10 nanowire electrodes.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ning Wang, Chu-Feng Liu, Jing-Wei Fan, Xi Feng, Weng-Hang Leong, Amit Finkler, Andrej Denisenko, Joerg Wrachtrup, Quan Li, Ren-Bao Liu
Summary: The study demonstrates that the relatively strong hyperfine coupling from a first-shell C-13 nuclear spin provides an effective bias field to achieve zero-field magnetometry and suppress charge noises in shallow nitrogen-vacancy centers. The hyperfine bias greatly enhances magnetic sensitivity and allows simultaneous measurement of magnetic noises at two different frequencies, providing spectral information of high-frequency noises.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)