Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arno Teblick, Lauren De Bruyn, Tim Van Oudenhove, Sarah Vander Perre, Lies Pauwels, Sarah Derde, Lies Langouche, Greet Van den Berghe
Summary: This study examined the effects of hydrocortisone (HC) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) treatment on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in sepsis. The results showed that HC treatment further suppressed plasma ACTH, while CRH normalized ACTH levels. In addition, CRH restored pituitary POMC processing without affecting the adrenal cortex. The high-circulating POMC induced by sepsis may contribute to ongoing adrenocortical steroidogenesis despite low ACTH.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Erica M. Branham, Samuel A. McLean, Ishani Deliwala, Matthew C. Mauck, Ying Zhao, Lauren A. McKibben, Aaron Lee, Alex B. Spencer, Anthony S. Zannas, Megan Lechner, Teresa Danza, Marc-Anthony Velilla, Phyllis L. Hendry, Claire Pearson, David A. Peak, Jeffrey Jones, Niels K. Rathlev, Sarah Linnstaedt
Summary: Chronic post-traumatic musculoskeletal pain (CPTP) is a common outcome of traumatic stress exposure. A study found that the peritraumatic DNA methylation levels of HPA axis genes, particularly in the POMC gene, can predict the development of CPTP.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qin Tang, Qinhui Liu, Xuping Yang, Tong Wu, Cuiyuan Huang, Jinhang Zhang, Zijing Zhang, Guorong Zhang, Yingnan Zhao, Jian Zhou, Hui Huang, Yan Xia, Jiamin Yan, Yanping Li, Jinhan He
Summary: Overexpression of Sirt6 in hypothalamic POMC neurons exacerbates diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders, leading to increased adiposity and decreased energy expenditure.
Article
Fisheries
Qi Li, Baijian Jiang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Yongxiong Huang, Zhou Xu, Xinjin Chen, Yu Huang, Jichang Jian, Qingpi Yan
Summary: This study characterizes the expression and functions of alpha-MSH in Nile tilapia. It was found that alpha-MSH is mainly expressed in the brain, skin, and liver, and is upregulated after Streptococcus agalactiae infection. However, its expression in immune organs or lymphocytes is minimal and has no significant immunomodulation effect in vitro. In vivo challenge experiments showed that alpha-MSH protects tilapia from bacterial infection by regulating responses in the brain and intestine.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Martin Werdermann, Ilona Berger, Laura D. Scriba, Alice Santambrogio, Pia Schlinkert, Heike Brendel, Henning Morawietz, Andreas Schedl, Mirko Peitzsch, Aileen J. F. King, Cynthia L. Andoniadou, Stefan R. Bornstein, Charlotte Steenblock
Summary: This study investigated the impact of metabolic diseases on progenitor cells in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, showing that insulin enhances proliferation and differentiation of these cells, while chronic metabolic stress leads to hyperactivation of the axis. This suggests a potential link between early life stress and the development of metabolic syndrome in adulthood.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wrivu N. Martin, Carol A. Wang, Stephen J. Lye, Stephen G. Matthews, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Carly E. McLaughlin, Roger Smith, Craig E. Pennell
Summary: A study found an inverse linear relationship between fetal growth and HPA-A function at the age of 18, which may be related to altered adrenal sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wrivu N. Martin, Carol A. Wang, Stephen J. Lye, Stephen G. Matthews, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Carly E. McLaughlin, Roger Smith, Craig E. Pennell
Summary: The study found an inverse linear relationship between fetal growth and HPA-A function at age 18, with no consistent quadratic relationships identified. Removal of anticipatory responders from the models substantially attenuated the observed relationships. This suggests altered adrenal sensitivity may underlie the relationship.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lea M. Brix, Alexander S. Haeusl, Irmak Toksoez, Joeri Bordes, Lotte van Doeselaar, Clara Engelhardt, Sowmya Narayan, Margherita Springer, Vera Sterlemann, Jan M. Deussing, Alon Chen, Mathias Schmidt
Summary: FKBP51 plays an important role in regulating the HPA axis, and its deficiency enhances GR-mediated negative feedback and protects against age-related disruption of the CORT rhythm.
PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aleksandra S. S. Stojiljkovic, Zeljko Cupic, Stevan Macesic, Ana Ivanovic-Sasic, Ljiljana Kolar-Anic
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms underlying the effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and reveals the influence of the synergistic action between AVP and corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) on the ultradian dynamics of the HPA axis. The extended nonlinear network reaction model incorporates AVP into the HPA axis model and explores the conditions under which the HPA system transitions between oscillatory and stable states. The results demonstrate the importance of the synergy reaction rate constant and highlight the superior stimulatory effect of CRH compared to AVP on ACTH secretion in humans.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hongyuan Zhu, Luming Wu, Tingwei Su, Lei Jiang, Weiwei Zhou, Yiran Jiang, Cui Zhang, Xu Zhong, Weiqing Wang
Summary: This study investigated the association between radiological characteristics of benign adrenocortical tumors and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in 494 patients. It was found that patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) had larger tumor diameter, thinner contralateral adrenal gland, and lower plasma ACTH and serum DHEAS levels compared to those with non-functional adrenocortical tumors (NFAT). ACTH was shown to mediate the effects of MACS on DHEAS and contralateral adrenal gland.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Manxiu Ma, Alyssa A. Brunal, Kareem C. Clark, Carleigh Studtmann, Katelyn Stebbins, Shin-ichi Higashijima, Y. Albert Pan
Summary: The expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in the hypothalamus plays a critical role in regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is involved in the stress response. Through studying zebrafish, researchers identified dscaml1 as an important factor in CRH neuron development and HPA axis function. Mutations in dscaml1 led to increased CRH expression and cell number in hypothalamic CRH neurons, as well as altered stress hormone levels and response to stressors. These findings suggest a role for dscaml1 in stress axis development and its potential contribution to neuropsychiatric disorders.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Felim Murphy, Anurag Nasa, Dearbhla Cullinane, Kesidha Raajakesary, Areej Gazzaz, Vitallia Sooknarine, Madeline Haines, Elena Roman, Linda Kelly, Aisling O'Neill, Mary Cannon, Darren William Roddy
Summary: Studies show that early life stress impacts developmental trajectories and can create vulnerability to psychological and psychiatric issues later in life. The mechanisms affecting the developing brain in children and the incorporation of adverse environmental stimuli into the adult brain are important areas of research focus.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoxu Wang, Peixu Cong, Xincen Wang, Zhigao Wang, Bin Liu, Changhu Xue, Jie Xu
Summary: In this study, AST-DHA supplementation was shown to reduce body weight gain, enhance autophagy, and restore autophagic function in the hypothalamus of mice fed a high-fat diet. This was achieved through the regulation of mTOR and AMPK pathways, promoting autophagy and cleavage of pro-opiomelanocortin. These findings suggest that AST-DHA may be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of HFD-induced obesity.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jia Luo, Zheng Yan, Yao Shen, Denong Liu, Mingli Su, Jie Yang, Jiarong Xie, Hui Gao, Julin Yang, Aiming Liu
Summary: This study found that chronic low-intensity noise exposure exacerbated NAFLD in mice on a high-fat diet, affecting lipid metabolism and inflammation levels in the liver. Activation of the HPA axis played a critical role in the development of NAFLD, while depression played an intermediate role in exacerbating the condition.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Rebecca B. Kann, Russell D. Romeo
Summary: The hormonal stress response changes significantly during puberty, with higher resting levels of ACTH and POMC in the pituitary and higher corticosterone concentrations in the adrenals of pre-pubertal rats compared to adults.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2022)