Article
Immunology
Essie Komla, Oscar B. Torres, Rashmi Jalah, Agnieszka Sulima, Zoltan Beck, Carl R. Alving, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice, Gary R. Matyas
Summary: Opioid use disorder is a serious health issue that has been increasing significantly in the past decade. Developing a conjugate vaccine to generate high affinity antibodies and neutralize opioids before they reach the brain is a complementary strategy to combat the crisis. The vaccine components include an opioid hapten conjugated to a carrier protein with adjuvants, and preexisting immunity to the carrier protein does not affect the immunogenicity and efficacy of the vaccine.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Megumi Murata, Anastasiia Kovba, Akihisa Kaneko, Mayumi Morimoto, Akiyo Ishigami, Takayoshi Natsume, Ayaka Washizaki, Takako Miyabe-Nishiwaki, Juri Suzuki, Hirofumi Akari
Summary: There was a tetanus outbreak in a facility rearing rhesus macaques during 2014-2015. To protect the macaques from further tetanus infection, a tetanus toxoid vaccination was recommended. The vaccination developed effective antibody responses in animals of all age groups.
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Benson Chellakkan Selvanesan, Dinesh Chandra, Wilber Quispe-Tintaya, Arthee Jahangir, Ankur Patel, Kiran Meena, Rodrigo Alberto Alves Da Silva, Madeline Friedman, Lisa Gabor, Olivia Khouri, Steven K. Libutti, Ziqiang Yuan, Jenny Li, Sarah Siddiqui, Amanda Beck, Lydia Tesfa, Wade Koba, Jennifer Chuy, John C. McAuliffe, Rojin Jafari, David Entenberg, Yarong Wang, John Condeelis, Vera DesMarais, Vinod Balachandran, Xusheng Zhang, Ken Lin, Claudia Gravekamp
Summary: This study introduces a microbial-based immunotherapeutic treatment that utilizes attenuated Listeria monocytogenes to deliver an immunogenic protein into pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor cells. By reactivating TT-specific memory T cells, this treatment effectively kills infected tumor cells and reduces tumor burden. Additionally, low doses of gemcitabine enhance the immune effects, promoting an immune response against the cold tumors.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Bo Qin, Shichao Yu, Qiming Chen, Li Hua Jin
Summary: Autophagy is an essential cellular process that regulates development and stress responses. However, its role in innate immunity is not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that Atg2, an autophagy-related protein, plays an important role in controlling innate immunity in Drosophila melanogaster. Inhibiting Atg2 led to the formation of melanotic nodules, disrupted phagocytosis, altered the expression of AMP-encoding genes, and impaired the ability to resist bacterial infections.
Article
Immunology
Olga Ticha, Dido Klemm, Lukas Moos, Isabelle Bekeredjian-Ding
Summary: This study aimed to develop a reliable in vitro assay for characterizing the antigen of tetanus vaccines, with the potential to replace in vivo experiments. Results showed that using PBMC from donor samples to detect TT-specific IgG can reveal specific responses after vaccination.
Article
Biology
May A. Alsayb, Ali Dakhilallah D. Alsamiri, Hatem Q. Makhdoom, Turki Alwasaidi, Haitham Mohammed Osman, Waleed H. Mahallawi
Summary: The study explored the adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in recovered COVID-19 patients, finding significantly increased levels of CD4' T cells in those with mild and moderate symptoms. Anti-S IgG antibody production against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was observed in all recovered patients regardless of clinical presentation, with detectable levels up to 90 days post-infection. Further analysis is needed to understand the relationship between different clinical presentations and lymphocyte activation and function.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Kwiatkowska, Krzysztof Safranow, Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko, Paulina Roszkowska, Violetta Dziedziejko, Marek Myslak, Jacek Rozanski, Kazimierz Ciechanowski, Tomasz Stompor, Jaroslaw Przybycinski, Piotr Wisniewski, Norbert Kwella, Sebastian Kwiatkowski, Tomasz Prystacki, Wojciech Marcinkowski, Leszek Domanski
Summary: For patients with CKD, two doses of mRNA vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech's Comirnaty COVID-19 Vaccine and Moderna's mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine) can effectively induce both humoral and cellular immune responses. Important factors influencing the antibody levels after vaccination include pre-vaccination history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, age, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil absolute count, and hemoglobin level. Patients with a pre-vaccination history of SARS-CoV-2 infection have higher cellular immunity. Cellular immunity depends on the albumin level.
Review
Cell Biology
Edna Ayerim Mandujano-Tinoco, Eliya Sultan, Aner Ottolenghi, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, Benyamin Rosental
Summary: The evolution of the immune system is aimed at protecting organisms from infections and providing regenerative capacities and tissue maintenance. Despite the diverse range of effector cells, common features and interesting convergent mechanisms can be observed across different animals. The review explores the evolution of phagocytic and cytotoxic immune lineages, highlighting the diverse function plasticity within evolved immune effector cells.
Review
Entomology
Lei Yang, Li-Ming Qiu, Qi Fang, David W. Stanley, Gong-Yin Ye
Summary: The immune interactions between Drosophila and its parasitoids involve cellular and humoral immunity. Drosophila utilizes multiple natural immune defense systems to counteract parasitoid infestation, while parasitic wasps introduce virulence factors to manipulate the host's immunity for successful parasitism.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick M. Perrigue, Agata Henschke, Bartosz F. Grzeskowiak, Lucja Przysiecka, Kaja Jaskot, Angelika Mielcarek, Emerson Coy, Sergio E. Moya
Summary: Understanding the interaction between nanoparticles and cells is crucial for designing more effective nanomedicines. This study investigates the biological fate of silica nanoparticles in senescent cells, which do not divide, using various methods including microscopy and flow cytometry. The results show that the nanoparticles readily enter the senescent cells and accumulate in the cytoplasm for a long time. This study lays the foundation for the development of NP-based tools for detecting and targeting senescent cells for therapeutic purposes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ramesh Singh, Pankaj Yadav, Hema Naveena, Dhiraj Bhatia
Summary: Self-assembled DNA nanocages have great potential in bioimaging and payload delivery. However, the cellular uptake of tetrahedral nanocages is hindered by electrostatic repulsion. In this study, we enhance the cellular uptake of DNA nanocages through the functionalization of a model cage with a cationic lipid. The results demonstrate the enhancement in cellular uptake and suggest multiple applications in gene transfection, drug delivery, and targeted bioimaging.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lihua Luo, Zhenyu Luo, Litong Wang, Yilong Hu, Junlei Zhang, Hang Yin, Jian You
Summary: A multitargeted liposome vaccine can effectively stimulate both humoral and cellular immune responses by enhancing cross-presentation ability, regulating antigen protein expression, and establishing immune protection.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jernej Pusnik, Werner O. Monzon-Posadas, Jasmin Zorn, Kathrin Peters, Maximilian Baum, Hannah Proksch, Celina Beta Schlueter, Galit Alter, Tanja Menting, Hendrik Streeck
Summary: According to the research data, receiving two doses of mRNA vaccine along with a booster dose, recovering from a breakthrough infection, or both, provides better B cell immunity. Individuals who received three doses of the vaccine and experienced breakthrough infections with the omicron variant showed a particularly strong B cell response. Additional antigen exposure did not significantly affect the T cell response after two doses of the vaccine. Individuals with hybrid immunity exhibited better correlated adaptive immune responses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Carson L. Smith, Beth Bednarchik, Htin Aung, Dennis J. Wilk, Rebecca S. Boxer, Andrea E. Daddato, Brigid M. Wilson, Stefan Gravenstein, David H. Canaday
Summary: This study conducted a randomized clinical trial to analyze the immune response of nursing home residents who received adjuvanted influenza vaccine. The findings show that the adjuvanted vaccine induced a stronger immune response, particularly in the production of antibodies against A/H3N2 neuraminidase, compared to the nonadjuvanted vaccine.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ui Yoon Choi, Ki Hwan Kim, Jin Lee, Byung Wook Eun, Hwang Min Kim, Kyung-Yil Lee, Dong Ho Kim, Sang Hyuk Ma, Jina Lee, Jong-Hyun Kim
Summary: The study conducted in Korea aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a new tetanus vaccine, BR-TD-1001. Results showed that BR-TD-1001 demonstrated non-inferiority against diphtheria and tetanus compared to the control Td vaccine, with similar antibody responses and acceptable safety profile.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Horticulture
Srijana Panta, Biting Zhou, Lan Zhu, Niels Maness, Charles Rohla, Lucas Costa, Yiannis Ampatzidis, Charles Fontainer, Amandeep Kaur, Lu Zhang
Summary: The objective of this research was to compare different non-linear growth models and determine which best fits the growth and development of the pecan nut components. The findings suggest that the Gompertz model best describes the growth of the embryo and shuck, while the Logistic model performs slightly better in modeling shell growth and the shuck for the two-year data. The results provide guidance for pecan growers in fine tuning irrigation, thinning, and pest management based on an integrated growth model.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Review
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Palwinder Kaur, Amandeep Kaur
Summary: This review article summarizes recent advances in diagnosing autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) by considering influential research articles from the past two decades. ASD is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by abnormal social interaction, communication, and behavior, as well as unique strengths and differences. Current diagnostic systems rely on the autism diagnostic observation schedule (ADOS) or autism diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R), but biological markers are also important for effective ASD diagnosis. Combining neuroimaging techniques like structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI and fMRI) with machine learning approaches has shed new light on typical biological markers of ASDs in early life stages.
INTERDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-COMPUTATIONAL LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sukhmani Mann, Anupamjeet Kaur, Amandeep Kaur, Nitesh Priyadarshi, Bhupesh Goyal, Nitin Kumar Singhal, Deepti Goyal
Summary: Amyloid-fi (Afi) aggregation is crucial in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A series of triazole-peptide conjugates have been designed and evaluated as potential ligands targeting AD. DS2, a peptidomimetic, shows the best inhibitory activity against Afi aggregation. It not only disaggregates preformed Afi42 fibrils, but also reduces oxidative stress and Afi-induced toxicity.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandeep Kaur, Hafiz Muzzammel Rehman, Gurmeet Kaur, Amandeep Kaur, Manisha Bansal
Summary: A new series of linker-based derivatives of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were synthesized and characterized. The study focused on understanding the switch in the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity of compounds 8 and 10 through in-silico and in-vitro studies. The molecular docking study showed the importance of hetero atoms and proper alignment in the binding pocket for bioactivity. Compound 8 exhibited better inhibitory activity against the COX-2 target site, possibly due to the presence of 1,3-dicarbonyl interactions, whereas compound 10 showed increased potency towards anticancer activity. In-vitro assays confirmed the results obtained from the in-silico study.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Naveen Kumar, Amandeep Kaur, S. C. Martha
Summary: In this paper, the interaction of water waves with two thin vertical barriers over shelf bottom topography is analyzed using linearized wave theory. The resulting boundary value problem is solved by employing eigenfunction expansions and orthogonality relation of the eigenfunctions. The obtained algebraic equations are solved using the least square method to determine physical quantities such as reflection and transmission coefficients, free surface elevation, and non-dimensional horizontal force acting on the barriers. The energy balance relation derived from Green's identity confirms the accuracy of the results. The investigation reveals the effects of depth ratios, barrier length, incidence angle, and gap between the barriers on the wave interaction, and suggests that non-identical barriers or asymmetric shelf bottom topography can prevent zero reflection while using two barriers instead of one can reduce transmitted wave energy near the seashore. A generalization regarding multiple surface piercing barriers over the shelf bottom topography is also demonstrated.
GEOPHYSICAL AND ASTROPHYSICAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Amandeep Kaur, Ajay Pal Singh Chauhan, Ashwani Kumar Aggarwal
Summary: This paper proposes a deep learning-based framework utilizing DNA structural features, natural language processing, convolutional neural network, and long short-term memory to accurately predict enhancer elements in genomics data. The method is capable of adapting to different dataset sizes and remains robust against minor variations in the genomics sequence. It outperforms other state-of-the-art methods in terms of prediction accuracy, specificity, Mathew's correlation coefficient, and area under the ROC curve.
IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Daniel A. Amoatika, Monique J. Brown, Prince N. O. Addo, Amandeep Kaur
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between childhood sexual abuse (CSA) and coping strategies among older adults living with HIV (OALH). The results showed that OALH with a history of CSA were more likely to use humor and self-blame as coping strategies. Trauma-informed interventions should focus on reducing self-blame for CSA survivors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Poonam Dhiman, Amandeep Kaur, V. R. Balasaraswathi, Yonis Gulzar, Ali A. Alwan, Yasir Hamid
Summary: This paper systematically reviews studies that employ machine learning, deep learning, and statistical techniques for the prediction, detection, and classification of citrus fruit diseases. Out of 78 selected papers, commonly used techniques include hyperspectral imaging systems for image acquisition, thresholding for image processing, support vector machine (SVM) models for machine learning, convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for deep learning, principal component analysis (PCA) as a statistical model, and classification accuracy as evaluation parameters. The color feature in the RGB color space is the most popularly used feature. Comparative analysis identifies SVM as the best among ML methods, ANN as the best among neural networks, CNN as the best among deep learning methods, and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) as the best among statistical techniques. The paper concludes with meta-analysis, limitations, and future research directions.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Pummy Dhiman, Amandeep Kaur, Celestine Iwendi, Senthil Kumar Mohan
Summary: The unregulated proliferation of counterfeit news poses a constant threat to democracy. This scientometric study used deep learning to identify fake news by analyzing 569 documents from the Scopus database. The study found an increasing trend in publications since 2016, indicating the ongoing issue of fake news dissemination globally. The results also highlighted the need for further research in topics such as social media surveillance, deep fake detection, digital content, digital forensics, and computer vision.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Magdalena Lacko-Bartosova, Lucia Lacko-Bartosova, L'ubomir Kobida, Amandeep Kaur, Jan Moudry
Summary: This study compared the phenolic concentration, radical scavenging activities, and individual phenolic acid (PA) concentrations of different wheat varieties in a three-year field experiment. Common wheat had the highest ability to scavenge radicals, while emmer Farvento showed the second highest activity. Bound phenolic extracts had higher scavenging activity compared to free ones. The highest total phenolic concentration was found in common wheat, while emmer Farvento had the highest PA concentration.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Trent D. Williams, Amandeep Kaur, Thomas Warner, Maria Aslam, Vanessa Clark, Rhonda Walker, Doan T. M. Ngo, Aaron L. Sverdlov
Summary: Cancer and heart disease are prevalent health conditions globally, with worse outcomes in regional areas. This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of cancer patients receiving treatment in a regional hospital.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Amandeep Kaur, Alok Madhu, Alok Sharma, Kashmir Singh, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay
Summary: This study identified three Piezo genes in the Triticum aestivum genome and found that they are involved in plant growth and development and response to various stresses, potentially related to calcium ion signaling.
Article
Plant Sciences
Nitika Sandhu, Mehak Sethi, Harpreet Kaur, Amandeep Dhillon, Aman Kumar, Amandeep Kaur, Satinder Kaur, Alison R. Varinderpal-Singh, Alison R. Bentley, Parveen Chhuneja
Summary: Wheat is the most widely grown commercial crop, covering over 240 million hectares globally. This study used synthetic hexaploid wheat introgression libraries to identify genetic variation associated with nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and related traits. Through genotyping and genome-wide association mapping, significant phenotypic variation and potential breeding targets for increasing NUE were identified. Additionally, the study found that nitrate transporter genes showed significant changes in expression in response to nitrogen deficiency. The breeding lines with stable yield, improved NUE, and acceptable protein content could be valuable genetic resources for improving NUE in modern wheat varieties.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Pinki Pal, Amandeep Kaur, Sami Suihkonen, Jori Lemettinen, Apurba Laha, Subhabrata Dhar, Suddhasatta Mahapatra
Summary: A visible-blind metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetector fabricated with gallium nitride (GaN) on Si(111) epitaxial layers is reported to have a very high specific detectivity and UV-to-visible rejection-ratio (UVRR). Analysis reveals that the high specific detectivity is a result of a large responsivity in the UV-A region and extremely low dark current. The use of platinum-gold (Pt/Au) Schottky contacts and the internal gain from photo-induced barrier lowering contribute to the improved performance of the photodetector.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Amandeep Kaur, Kyle Kissick, Angela Lager, Carrie Fitzpatrick, Alexandra Rojek, Caner Saygin, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Jason Cheng, Daniel Arber, Jeremy Segal, Peng Wang, Girish Venkataraman
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
