Article
Environmental Sciences
Kelly Elschot, Martin J. Baptist, Marinka E. B. van Puijenbroek
Summary: A global concern for coastal ecosystems is the predicted rise in sea-level for which salt marshes must keep pace. Variables that control this elevation change need to be identified to predict the adaptability of marshes to future sea-level rise. Grazing by livestock can significantly reduce the annual rates of elevation gain and affect the future adaptability of salt marshes to grow vertically for rising sea levels. Trampling by grazing cattle, along with other factors like precipitation deficit and extreme drought, can lead to biocompaction and reduce the total elevation change.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Barbara Proenca, Florian Ganthy, Richard Michalet, Aldo Sottolichio
Summary: Field measurements were conducted on two cordgrass species, exotic and native, in a tidal marsh in Bay of Arcachon, revealing consistent responses between bed-level variation and wave forcing. The native cordgrass exhibited higher bed-level variation compared to the exotic species, likely due to opposite biomass allocation. Long-term sedimentation/erosion patterns were primarily influenced by episodic storm events, leading to an overall sediment deficit at the site. Further verification of within species variation is necessary for drawing conclusions. Despite potential limitations, this study provides valuable field data on the species' ability to influence bed sediment stabilization and marsh building potential.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Joachim Schoenfeld, Isabel Mendes
Summary: Benthic foraminifera in tidally influenced salt marshes show vertical zonation and are influenced by factors such as freshwater influx, salinity, and pore water properties. In this study, the dominance of saltworts and increasing soil salinities indicated the importance of evaporation as an environmental factor. Faunal changes in the salt marsh were related to vegetation zonal boundaries, mean tide or mean high water levels, calcite saturation state, or organic carbon concentrations.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Daniel J. Coleman, Kerrylee Rogers, D. Reide Corbett, Christopher J. Owers, Matthew L. Kirwan
Summary: The study found that mangroves do not reduce the ability of salt marshes to adapt to sea level rise, and activities that limit mangrove encroachment into salt marshes will not improve the salt marshes' sediment trapping capacity.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yaying Lou, Zhijun Dai, Chuqi Long, Hui Dong, Wen Wei, Zhenming Ge
Summary: This study used remote sensing images to monitor the dynamics of salt marshes in the largest wetland in the Yangtze River Delta. The results showed significant expansion and accretion of salt marshes, with adjacent mudflats remaining relatively unchanged. The seaward expansion of mudflats provided space for salt marsh growth and promoted their expansion.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maarten G. Kleinhans, Harke Douma, Elisabeth A. Addink, Laura Coumou, Tessa Deggeller, Robert Jentink, Edwin Paree, Jelmer Cleveringa
Summary: This study compares trends of biogeomorphological areas and habitat transitions along three estuaries in the Netherlands, finding that saltmarsh area is mainly determined by the different formation and embankment histories of the estuaries, embayments, and side-branches. The lengths of ecologically important transitions vary more between the estuaries due to the presence of mid-channel bars and shore-connected embayments.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alvise Finotello, Davide Tognin, Luca Carniello, Massimiliano Ghinassi, Enrico Bertuzzo, Andrea D'Alpaos
Summary: The loss of salt marshes in back-barrier tidal embayments is causing significant changes in hydrodynamics, including higher water levels and reduced wave energy dissipation. Restoration projects and manmade protection of marsh margins have limited the negative effects of marsh loss, but the risk of flooding in urban settlements remains unchanged. The hydrodynamic response to salt-marsh erosion is highly site-specific, depending on embayment morphology and external tidal and wind forcings.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sun Min Choi, Jun Young Seo, Seong Woon Jeong, Moo Joon Lee, Ho Kyung Ha
Summary: The study revealed that the rapid growth of Spartina on the tidal flat led to the complexity of the salt marsh zone, affecting hydrodynamics and sediment processes. The stems and leaves could effectively trap fine-grained sediments, resulting in significant differences in bed elevation between the two sites. Flocculation of suspended sediments in Spartina communities was mainly controlled by stem-scale turbulence.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
William Nardin, Yuri Taddia, Michela Quitadamo, Iacopo Vona, Corinne Corbau, Giulia Franchi, Lorie W. Staver, Alberto Pellegrinelli
Summary: Salt marsh evolution in restored wetlands is influenced by tidal processes and ecology, with seasonal variability observed. High-resolution monitoring using UAVs can enhance the accuracy of hydrodynamic and sediment transport models, aiding in the improvement of coastal resilience and management strategies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thomas E. Kutcher, Kenneth B. Raposa
Summary: Tidal restoration efforts in salt marshes have led to some biological recovery, but incomplete restoration is common due to inundation stress and eutrophication. This study highlights the importance of long-term biological monitoring and the use of rapid assessment data to provide valuable context for restoration findings and guide future restoration practices.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Caroline R. Narron, Jessica L. O'Connell, Deepak R. Mishra, David L. Cotten, Peter A. Hawman, Lishen Mao
Summary: Remote sensing is crucial for understanding coastal wetland ecosystems, but tidal inundation affects the reliability of remote sensing-based models. To address this issue, we developed the Flats index to identify and filter flooded pixels. We also demonstrated innovative applications of the index in detecting flooding frequency and patterns.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Faming Wang, Meagan Eagle, Kevin D. Kroeger, Amanda C. Spivak, Jianwu Tang
Summary: The study found that restored salt marshes had lower elevation but greater plant biomass, ecosystem production, respiration, and CO2 exchange compared to natural references. Respiration rates in aboveground biomass and soil were also higher in restored marshes. This suggests that well-restored salt marshes may enhance carbon sequestration rates and extend marsh survival.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dohyeong Kim, Joohee Jo, Kyungsik Choi
Summary: This study reveals that in addition to the seasonal effects of waves and tidal currents, rainfall-induced runoff discharge also plays a significant role in shaping the tidal-flat morphodynamics in the Shinsi tidal flats of Korea. The morphology of the tidal flats is influenced by seasonal changes, while the growth of tidal channels and accretion of tidal flats are noticeably impacted by factors such as rainfall-induced runoff discharge, mud supply, and nearshore wave activity.
Article
Soil Science
Hollie E. Emery, John H. Angell, Akaash Tawade, Robinson W. Fulweiler
Summary: Coastal wetlands exhibit different emission patterns of CO2, CH4, and N2O following tidal inundation and rainfall, and accurately predicting carbon and nitrogen cycling in salt marshes requires considering pulse responses and baseline gas flux rates.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Emilio Grande, Erin C. Seybold, Corianne Tatariw, Ate Visser, Anna Braswell, Bhavna Arora, Francois Birgand, John Haskins, Margaret Zimmer
Summary: Salt marshes can remove terrestrial nutrients before they reach the coast. However, our understanding of the variability of reactive solutes and processes within salt marshes is limited. In this study, we monitored nitrate concentrations in salt marsh porewater at Elkhorn Slough in California, USA, using a high-frequency sampling system. We found that tidal and seasonal hydrologic fluxes control nitrate dynamics and export in coastal environments.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)