Article
Immunology
Mary A. Brown, Sophie B. Morgan, Gillian E. Donachie, Katie L. Horton, Ian D. Pavord, Carolina V. Arancibia-Carcamo, Timothy S. C. Hinks
Summary: Type-2 low asthma or COPD is potentially caused by persistent bacterial colonization of the lower airways by bacteria such as non-encapsulated Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), which is a commensal of the upper airways. The extent of NTHi invasion and activation of proinflammatory cytokines in airway epithelial cells is not fully understood. This study found that NTHi can be internalized transiently by airway epithelial cells and induce inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiao Wu, Runfeng Li, Yunceng Weng, Hongxia Zhou, Haiming Jiang, Jin Zhao, Bin Liu, Ruifeng Chen, Xinxin Chen, Weimin Yang, Zifeng Yang, Xinhua Wang
Summary: Primary influenza virus infection can predispose hosts to secondary infection with Haemophilus influenzae, which increases disease severity and mortality. Sequential infection with influenza A virus and Haemophilus influenzae induced lethal synergy in a mouse model, possibly due to increased bacterial loads and lung damage. Analysis showed a correlation between specific adhesion molecules and bacterial growth in secondary pneumonia following primary viral infection.
MICROBES AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Bryn Short, Stephen Carson, Anna-Claire Devlin, James A. Reihill, Anne Crilly, William MacKay, Gordon Ramage, Craig Williams, Fionnuala T. Lundy, Lorcan P. McGarvey, Keith D. Thornbury, S. Lorraine Martin
Summary: Haemophilus influenzae is a common cause of bacterial infection in the lungs of COPD patients, leading to acute exacerbations. Its ability to adhere to host epithelial cells, form biofilms, and persist through immune evasion and antibiotic tolerance plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COPD.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ying Zhang, Hongbo Wang, Yanqiu Zhang, Peiliang Zhao, Yanan Li
Summary: Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) may play a role in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic asthma. It was found that NTHi OMVs induced inflammatory responses and immune-related signaling pathways, resulting in neutrophilic asthma.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lewis J. Williams, Stephen G. Tristram, Graeme R. Zosky
Summary: Exposure to geogenic particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased prevalence of respiratory infections in Australian Indigenous communities. The concentration of iron in geogenic PM is linked to its respiratory health effects, and haematite has the greatest impact on the invasiveness of bronchial epithelial cells by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi).
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Maisha F. Jabeen, Nicholas D. Sanderson, Dona Foster, Derrick W. Crook, Jennifer L. Cane, Catherine Borg, Clare Connolly, Samantha Thulborn, Ian D. Pavord, Paul Klenerman, Teresa L. Street, Timothy S. C. Hinks
Summary: Previous metagenomic studies in asthma have been limited by inadequate sequencing depth. In this study, we optimized a new sequencing technique-Oxford Nanopore technologies (ONT)-for use on human sputum samples and compared it with existing methods. We found ONT was effective for rapidly analyzing samples and could identify bacteria at the species level. We used this to show Haemophilus influenzae was a dominant bacterium in the airways in people with severe asthma.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Rabeb Dhouib, Marufa Nasreen, Dk Seti Maimonah Pg Othman, Daniel Ellis, Simon Lee, Ama-Tawiah Essilfie, Philip M. Hansbro, Alastair G. McEwan, Ulrike Kappler
Summary: Molybdenum-containing enzyme DmsABC plays a crucial role in infection by H. influenzae, affecting intracellular survival and interactions with the host.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shengsen Chen, Xinyun Zhang, Cheng Yang, Shi Wang, Hao Shen
Summary: This study established a mouse model of bacterium-induced acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) and found that the IL-17 gene is essential for the development of AE-IPF.
Article
Microbiology
Stephen C. Watts, Louise M. Judd, Rosemary Carzino, Sarath Ranganathan, Kathryn E. Holt
Summary: Respiratory infection during childhood is a key risk factor in early cystic fibrosis lung disease progression. Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae are commonly isolated from the lungs of children with CF, with a high frequency of colonization and antimicrobial resistance. The genetic basis for AMR in these bacteria was identified, and Haemophilus parainfluenzae had a higher prevalence of acquired AMR genes than H. influenzae.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shuxian Wen, Ying Mai, Xu Chen, Kun Xiao, Yongping Lin, Zhenbo Xu, Ling Yang
Summary: This study investigates the molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in Guangzhou, China. A total of 80 H.influenzae isolates were collected from patients in a hospital from January 2020 to April 2021. The majority of H. influenzae strains were found to be non-typeable H. influenzae, and they showed relative susceptibility to certain antibiotics. The genotyping results revealed high genetic diversity among the isolates.
Article
Respiratory System
Nastaran Mues, Richard J. Martin, Rafeul Alam, Niccolette Schaunaman, Kris Genelyn Dimasuay, Christena Kolakowski, Clyde J. Wright, Lijun Zheng, Hong Wei Chu
Summary: This study found that bacterial DNA levels were increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with neutrophilic asthma (NA), and were positively correlated with IL-8 and neutrophil levels. Additionally, IL-36γ levels were also increased. Bacterial DNA amplified neutrophilic inflammation in an IL-17-high setting through the TLR9 and IL-36γ signalling axis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Young June Choe, Mi Seon Han, Youn Young Choi, Young Joo Sohn, Ye Kyung Kim, Kyung Min Kim, Ji Young Park, Hyun Mi Kang, In Ae Yoon, Jae Hong Choi, Chi Eun Oh, Eun Young Cho, Hyunju Lee, Eun Hwa Choi
Summary: The study in Korea between 2014 and 2019 found that the carriage rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae in children varied, with a significant increase in carriage of serotype 23A of S. pneumoniae. Children who had received pneumococcal conjugate vaccines had a lower risk of vaccine-type carriage. Continuous surveillance is necessary to evaluate the long-term effects of PCVs on the carriage dynamics of these bacteria.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Jake R. Weeks, Karl J. Staples, C. Mirella Spalluto, Alastair Watson, Tom M. A. Wilkinson
Summary: Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common pathogen in COPD patients, but its impact varies among different cohorts. Other bacteria may also contribute to acute exacerbations in COPD. The biofilm phase of NTHi could play a significant role in COPD, exhibiting extreme antimicrobial tolerance and synergistic interactions with other lung pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Pei-Yi Su, Wei-Hung Cheng, Cheng-Hsun Ho
Summary: This study investigated the molecular basis of multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) and found that genetic variations and plasmid-encoded genes play a significant role in antibiotic resistance. The study also revealed high levels of resistance to various antibiotics among MDR NTHi isolates, highlighting the importance of monitoring drug resistance trends in NTHi.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magdiel Perez-Cruz, Bachirou Kone, Remi Porte, Christophe Carnoy, Julien Tabareau, Pierre Gosset, Francois Trottein, Jean-Claude Sirard, Muriel Pichavant, Philippe Gosset
Summary: This study demonstrates that stimulating innate immunity with a TLR5 ligand is an effective antibacterial treatment in COPD-exposed mice, suggesting innovative therapeutic strategies against acute exacerbations in COPD.
Article
Respiratory System
Timothy S. C. Hinks, Stewart J. Levine, Guy G. Brusselle
Summary: This article summarizes the characteristics, clinical features, and underlying pathobiological mechanisms of type-2 low asthma, discusses treatment options for this disease, and emphasizes the potential for development in this field.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Timothy S. C. Hinks
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Madeleine E. Oliver, Timothy S. C. Hinks
Summary: Azithromycin is a synthetic macrolide antibiotic with anti-viral and anti-inflammatory properties, being investigated as a potential treatment for SARS-CoV-2. It has shown to reduce replication of various viruses and enhance anti-viral responses, while also possessing anti-inflammatory effects. More randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy in treating COVID-19.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul Klenerman, Timothy S. C. Hinks, James E. Ussher
Summary: MAIT cells not only possess innate-like antibacterial defense capabilities, but also play important roles in antiviral immunity and tissue repair. These different functions are regulated by distinct transcriptional programs. The emerging trends in research on the roles of MAIT cells in cancer, antiviral immunity, and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection have raised awareness of their pleiotropic potential in mice and humans.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Simon Couillard, Rahul Shrimanker, Rekha Chaudhuri, Adel H. Mansur, Lorcan P. McGarvey, Liam G. Heaney, Stephen J. Fowler, Peter Bradding, Ian D. Pavord, Timothy S. C. Hinks
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Simon Couillard, Annette Laugerud, Maisha Jabeen, Sanjay Ramakrishnan, James Melhorn, Timothy Hinks, Ian Pavord
Summary: A risk scale predicting asthma attacks based on blood eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was proposed, showing potential to predict and prevent asthma attacks through anti-inflammatory treatment.
Article
Allergy
Latifa Khalfaoui, Fiona A. Symon, Simon Couillard, Beverley Hargadon, Rekha Chaudhuri, Steve Bicknell, Adel H. Mansur, Rahul Shrimanker, Timothy S. C. Hinks, Ian D. Pavord, Stephen J. Fowler, Vanessa Brown, Lorcan P. McGarvey, Liam G. Heaney, Cary D. Austin, Peter H. Howarth, Joseph R. Arron, David F. Choy, Peter Bradding
Summary: Airway pathology in severe asthma varies depending on the levels of T2 biomarkers, with similar inflammatory and structural cell activation present in both T2-high and T2-low asthma, but with higher levels of sputum T2-associated cytokines in T2-high patients.
Editorial Material
Respiratory System
Simon Couillard, Ian D. Pavord, Liam G. Heaney, Nayia Petousi, Timothy S. C. Hinks
Editorial Material
Oncology
Timothy S. C. Hinks
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Imran Howell, Mahdi Mahdi, Mona Bafadhel, Timothy S. C. Hinks, Sanjay Ramakrishnan, James Melhorn, Maisha Jabeen, Ian D. Pavord
Summary: This study aims to compare the clinical recovery between high-FeNO and low-FeNO asthma attacks after acute treatment with oral prednisolone in patients established on long-term asthma mAb treatment. The study data will help power a future randomized placebo-controlled trial of prednisolone treatment for nonsevere attacks in patients treated with asthma mAbs and will provide important information on whether corticosteroid treatment should be FeNO-directed.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Letter
Respiratory System
Simon Couillard, William Il Hoon Do, Richard Beasley, Timothy S. C. Hinks, Ian D. Pavord
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
T. S. C. Hinks, L. Cureton, R. Knight, A. Wang, J. L. Cane, V. S. Barber, J. Black, S. J. Dutton, J. Melhorn, M. Jabeen, P. Moss, R. Garlapati, T. Baron, G. Johnson, F. Cantle, D. Clarke, S. Elkhodair, J. Underwood, D. Lasserson, I. D. Pavord, S. B. Morgan, D. Richards
Article
Respiratory System
Nur-Shirin Harun, Philippe Lachapelle, Gayan Bowatte, Caroline Lodge, George Braitberg, Louis Irving, Timothy Hinks, Shyamali Dharmage, Jo Douglass
Summary: The study found that thunderstorm asthma mainly affects patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, sensitized to ryegrass pollen, and some without a history of asthma. Patients requiring hospitalization typically had a history of asthma, uncontrolled symptoms, allergic rhinitis, high blood eosinophil count, and lower lung function.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CRITICAL CARE AND SLEEP MEDICINE
(2021)