期刊
CELLS
卷 11, 期 21, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cells11213474
关键词
fetal origins of adult disease; PPARs; early development; metabolic; epigenetic
类别
资金
- Special Scientific Research Cultivation of Gusu School of Nanjing Medical University [GSKY20220523, Szslyyrc2022003]
- Suzhou introduce expert team of clinical medicine [SZYJTD201708]
The fetal origins of adult disease hypothesis suggests that events during early development can significantly affect an individual's risk for developing adult diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a type of nuclear hormone receptor, play a crucial role in the transition from embryo to fetus and are influenced by adverse events in early life. The methylation pattern of PPARs in offspring organs can affect development and health throughout life, and potentially impact future generations.
The fetal origins of adult disease (FOAD) hypothesis holds that events during early development have a profound impact on one's risk for the development of future adult disease. Studies from humans and animals have demonstrated that many diseases can begin in childhood and are caused by a variety of early life traumas, including maternal malnutrition, maternal disease conditions, lifestyle changes, exposure to toxins/chemicals, improper medication during pregnancy, and so on. Recently, the roles of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in FOAD have been increasingly appreciated due to their wide variety of biological actions. PPARs are members of the nuclear hormone receptor subfamily, consisting of three distinct subtypes: PPAR alpha, beta/delta, and gamma, highly expressed in the reproductive tissues. By controlling the maturation of the oocyte, ovulation, implantation of the embryo, development of the placenta, and male fertility, the PPARs play a crucial role in the transition from embryo to fetus in developing mammals. Exposure to adverse events in early life exerts a profound influence on the methylation pattern of PPARs in offspring organs, which can affect development and health throughout the life course, and even across generations. In this review, we summarize the latest research on PPARs in the area of FOAD, highlight the important role of PPARs in FOAD, and provide a potential strategy for early prevention of FOAD.
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