Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cezary Chojnacki, Tomasz Poplawski, Aleksandra Blonska, Paulina Konrad, Jan Chojnacki, Janusz Blasiak
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of a low-FODMAP diet with a concomitant reduction in tryptophan intake for the treatment of IBS-D. The results showed that limiting tryptophan intake was more effective in improving symptoms in IBS-D patients compared to using only a low-FODMAP diet.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping Chen, Xiaofei Geng
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the death of dopamine (DA) neurons and the accumulation of α-synuclein fibrils in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), along with central nervous system inflammation. Elevated levels of central inflammatory factors disrupt the kynurenine pathway (KP) in PD, leading to reduced neuroprotective metabolite KYNA and increased neurotoxic metabolite QUIN, exacerbating excitotoxicity and inflammation. KYNA analogs, precursor drugs, and KP enzyme modulators may offer potential therapeutic strategies for PD.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Takeshi Fukushima, Maho Umino, Tatsuya Sakamoto, Mayu Onozato
Summary: This review summarizes the detection of kynurenine, kynurenic acid, quinolinic acid, and other tryptophan metabolites using chromatographic methods. These metabolites have significant clinical diagnostic value for the assessment of neurological disorders.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Andrew Auyeung, Hank C. Wang, Kannan Aravagiri, Nebojsa Nick Knezevic
Summary: Chronic pain is a significant medical and socioeconomic issue with detrimental effects on individual patients and society. The kynurenine pathway has emerged as a potential contributor to chronic pain, with dysregulation and changes in metabolites associated with neurotoxic and inflammatory states. Further research on biomarkers and receptors involved in this pathway could lead to novel personalized treatments.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cezary Chojnacki, Aleksandra Blonska, Paulina Konrad, Marcin Chojnacki, Marcin Podogrocki, Tomasz Poplawski
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the urinary excretion of selected tryptophan metabolites in patients with IBS-C and IBS-D. It was found that changes in tryptophan metabolism occurred in both groups of IBS patients compared to the control group. The 5-HIAA level was correlated with abdominal symptoms and anxiety in IBS-D patients, while the concentration of kynurenines (KYN, QA) in urine was higher in IBS-C patients and correlated with depression.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Soumil Dey, Aparna Banerjee Dixit, Manjari Tripathi, Ramesh Sharanappa Doddamani, Mehar Chand Sharma, Sanjeev Lalwani, Poodipedi Sarat Chandra, Jyotirmoy Banerjee
Summary: The study identified that levels of kynurenic acid were reduced and quinolinic acid levels were raised in the hippocampus of patients with MTLE-HS, along with abnormal glutamatergic activities. Altered metabolism of tryptophan-kynurenine pathway metabolites in the hippocampus could contribute to hyperglutamatergic tone in patients with MTLE-HS.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charl Alberts, Maja Owe-Larsson, Ewa M. Urbanska
Summary: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with a high mortality rate, and current therapeutic options are unsatisfactory. The metabolism of tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway plays a crucial role in AN, and abnormalities in this pathway are associated with low body weight. Further investigation is needed to understand the effects of L-kynurenine supplementation on AN in animal models and the clinical progression of AN.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Zahia Nadour, Christophe Simian, Olivier Laprevote, Marie-Anne Loriot, Islam Amine Larabi, Nicolas Pallet
Summary: A sensitive LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for simultaneously determining tryptophan and ten metabolites of the kynurenine pathway in both plasma and urine. The method was used to predict acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Urinary concentrations of picolinic acid and its ratios to tryptophan and 3-hydroxy-anthranilic acid were highly predictive of AKI, suggesting picolinic acid as a potential biomarker. Monitoring kynurenine pathway activity using this method can help identify new biomarkers of kidney injury.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Junchao Huang, Ping Zhang, Yanfang Zhou, Jinghui Tong, Yimin Cui, Shuping Tan, Zhiren Wang, Fude Yang, Peter Kochunov, Baopeng Tian, Li Tian, L. Elliot Hong, Yunlong Tan
Summary: The study revealed differences in TRP pathway metabolites between patients with TRS and NTRS, with the 5-HT/TRP ratio being associated with clinical symptoms and cognitive performance in TRS patients. This suggests a potential link between an upregulated 5-HT biosynthetic pathway and treatment-resistant schizophrenia, potentially leading to new pharmacological approaches for TRS.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilona Sadok, Katarzyna Jedruchniewicz
Summary: Tryptophan metabolism plays a crucial role in human health. This review provides an overview of the occurrence of tryptophan metabolites in food, analytical methods for their determination, and the fate and role of dietary tryptophan. Special attention is given to the core technique of detecting and quantifying tryptophan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Arduino A. Mangoni, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: There is a growing interest in the role of the kynurenine pathway in regulating immune function and inflammation in rheumatic diseases (RD). This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the link between this pathway and RD by examining the levels of tryptophan, kynurenine, and other relevant metabolites in RD patients and healthy controls. The analysis of selected studies revealed significantly lower tryptophan levels and higher kynurenine levels, kynurenine to tryptophan ratios, 3-hydroxykynurenine levels, and quinolinic acid concentrations in RD patients compared to controls. However, the levels of kynurenic acid, 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid, kynurenic acid to kynurenine ratio, and quinolinic acid to kynurenine acid ratio did not show significant differences. Subgroup analysis showed consistent results across different types of RD, except for rheumatoid arthritis. Further research is needed to determine the potential diagnostic and management utility of these biomarkers in RD patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Siyu Wang, Liangshan Mu, Chunmei Zhang, Xiaoyu Long, Yurong Zhang, Rong Li, Yue Zhao, Jie Qiao
Summary: This study found that the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway was abnormally activated in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Bing Cao, Yan Chen, Zhongyu Ren, Zihang Pan, Roger S. McIntyre, Dongfang Wang
Summary: The study explored the association between key metabolites of the KYN pathway and schizophrenia, revealing that subjects with prescribed medication had higher KYN levels, higher KYN levels in CSF, lower plasma KYN levels, and higher CSF KYNA levels were associated with SCZ, and KYN levels increased in subjects with SCZ after antipsychotic treatments.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Verena Theiler-Schwetz, Christian Trummer, Martin R. Gruebler, Martin H. Keppel, Armin Zittermann, Andreas Tomaschitz, Winfried Maerz, Andreas Meinitzer, Stefan Pilz
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests an association of the TRP-KYN pathway with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors. Linear regression analyses showed significant associations between TRP, KYN, QUIN, and HDL, as well as smoking status and TRP/KYN pathway parameters. Further studies are needed to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of the TRP-KYN pathway for cardiovascular diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tapan Behl, Ishnoor Kaur, Aayush Sehgal, Sukhbir Singh, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Gokhan Zengin, Adrian Gheorghe Bumbu, Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara, Aurelia Cristina Nechifor, Daniela Gitea, Alexa Florina Bungau, Mirela Marioara Toma, Simona Gabriela Bungau
Summary: This article discusses the dual role of KP in Parkinson's disease and its potential role as a biomarker in PD detection, providing a basis for the development of therapeutic paradigms and targets in PD management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elahe Aleebrahim-Dehkordi, Niloofar Deravi, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Dariush Hooshyar, Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
Summary: Vitamin D plays an important role in immunity and recovery from viral infections, especially COVID-19. It can enhance cellular immunity, reduce cytokine storm, and potentially provide protection against acute lung injuries. However, vitamin D deficiency should not be considered a specific risk factor for COVID-19 infection.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Review
Virology
Niloofar Deravi, Elahe Ahsan, Mobina Fathi, Parastoo Hosseini, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Ramin Lotfi, Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Davood Bashash
Summary: The complement system is an important part of the immune system and plays a key role in pathogen clearance, but over-activation can lead to acute lung injury. The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has caused the global pandemic of Covid-19, with some individuals developing hyper-inflammatory responses.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Kimia Jazi, Mohammad Amin Sadeghi, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili, Ashraf Mohamadkhani, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani, Arian Tavasol
Summary: Patients at high risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19, such as those with malignancies and undergoing immunosuppressive anticancer therapies, need careful monitoring and consideration of alternative treatment decisions. The efficacy and safety of cancer treatments in patients with COVID-19 and malignant tumors are important factors to consider when managing cancer during the pandemic.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Majid Pakdin, Samaneh Toutounchian, Sina Namazi, Zahra Arabpour, Amirreza Pouladi, Sahar Afsahi, Mohadeseh Poudineh, Mohammad Mehdi Mousavi Nasab, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Niloofar Deravi
Summary: Diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease, although having different pathological features, share common underlying biological mechanisms. This study aims to review the shared pathological mechanisms between the two diseases and discuss their epidemiological association.
CURRENT DIABETES REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Mohammad Sadegh Qadirifard, Mohammadreza Kosari, Navid Naghsh, Afsaneh Asgari Taei, Andis Klegeris, Mina Dehghani, Ashkan Bahrami, Hamed Taheri, Ashraf Mohamadkhani, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Fatemeh Sayehmiri
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by neuroinflammation, and several protein factors and pathways are implicated in the development of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gancheng Wang, Azam Mivefroshan, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Shokoufeh Khanzadeh, Goli Siri, Farzad Rahmani, Samira Aleseidi
Summary: This study found that septic patients with higher PLR levels had a significantly higher mortality rate, indicating that PLR could serve as a promising biomarker for predicting and preventing sepsis mortality.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Arian Tavasol, Kimia Jazi, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Sina Shool, Fatemeh Sodeifian, Andis Klegeris, Alyssa McElhinney, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Fatemeh Sayehmiri
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the changes in kynurenine pathway metabolites in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The results showed a significant decrease in tryptophan levels in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease patients, along with lower levels of 3-hydroxykynurenine in AD patients and kynurenine in HD patients. These findings support the hypothesis that alterations in the kynurenine pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Mehrnaz Salahi, Sina Parsa, Delaram Nourmohammadi, Zahra Razmkhah, Omid Salimi, Mohammadreza Rahmani, Saeid Zivary, Monireh Askarzadeh, Mohammad Amin Tapak, Ali Vaezi, Hamidreza Sadeghsalehi, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Mehran Mottahedi, Setareh Garousi, Niloofar Deravi
Summary: Migraine headaches affect 15% of the population, but the exact pathophysiology is still unclear. Mast cells, immunoglobulin E, histamine, and cytokines may play a role in mediating this disease. The activation of mast cells can trigger the secretion of substances that cause migraine, and stress hormones like corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) contribute to its development. Blocking these pathways using immunologic agents may be a potential treatment for migraine.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Zohreh Tutunchian, Mina Dehghani, Ashkan Bahrami, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Samira Eslami, Tina Yaghoobpour, Mohammadreza Hajiesmaeili
Summary: COVID-19 during pregnancy can potentially lead to cardiovascular complications in both mothers and fetus, including pre-eclampsia, heart failure, and fetal arrhythmia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Arvin Arian, Fatemeh Zahra Seyed-Kolbadi, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Hamed Ghorani, Amene Saghazadeh, Delaram J. Ghadimi
Summary: This study found that combined intravoxel incoherent motion modeling (IVIM) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI had the highest diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions. Multiparametric MRI may help reduce unnecessary benign breast biopsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maryam Mehranpour, Mojtaba Sani, Amirreza Beirami, Maral Hasanzadeh, Mohammad Taghizadeh, Mobina Banihashemi, Meysam Hassani Moghaddam, Mobina Fathi, Kimia Vakili, Shirin Yaghoobpoor, Neda Eskandari, Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar, Amir-Hossein Bayat, Abbas Aliaghaei, Mohammad Hossain Heidari
Summary: This study found that transplantation of Sertoli cells (SCs) has a protective effect on hippocampal cells in rats with epilepsy, reducing seizure damage. SCs transplantation can reduce astrogliosis and inflammatory responses in the hippocampus, and improve the number and spatial distribution of neurons.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Faezeh Kiani, Sara Khademolhosseini, Mobina Fathi, Arian Tavasol, Jasem Mohammadi, Majid Dousti, Jalal Eshagh Hoseini
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of standard triple therapy for eradicating H. pylori through systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that standard triple therapy is an effective and safe regimen, although it is not recommended as the first-line therapy for H. pylori infection due to lack of sufficient data. Interestingly, the analysis demonstrated better response to standard triple therapy in Asian populations than in European populations.
CURRENT REVIEWS IN CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)