Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yonggang Zhao, Zhiyuan Zhu, Xuhang Zhao, Ruichao Tian, Yun Lei, Pengfei Yu, Haoping Peng, Longjun Chen
Summary: The influence of reversed austenite on the pitting behavior of super 13Cr martensitic stainless steel was studied. It was found that reversed austenite had a FCC structure with Ni enrichment after tempering process and there were no Ni-depleted regions adjacent to it. The content of reversed austenite increased with increasing tempering temperature, leading to a decrease in pit depth and the dispersion degree of Kelvin potential distribution. The reversed austenite improved the pitting corrosion resistance by increasing the compactness of the passive film and inhibiting Cl- penetration.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunlong Wu, Jing Nong, Sui Yuan, Qi Guo, Jian Xu
Summary: This study investigated the acoustic emission behavior of a single pit evolution on two types of stainless steels using small-scaled electrodes, finding that there were dozens of AE signals observed during pitting on 17-4 PH, but much less acoustically emissive on 304 SS. In-situ optical observation revealed black flocculent clusters in 17-4 PH during pitting, while this process was weak in 304 SS. It was concluded that the formation of hydrogen bubble inside the pit and the perturbation of electrolyte around the pit created AE signals.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seunghyun Kim, Gidong Kim, Chang-Young Oh, Sangwoo Song
Summary: This study investigates the corrosion characteristics of gas-tungsten arc welded 304L-ER308L and 316L-ER316L for dry storage canister application. The results show that the chemical composition affects the ferrite fraction, and the noble characteristics of 316L reduce the corrosion rate. Different corrosion mechanisms are observed in NaCl and H2SO4 solutions for different materials.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jose Wilmar Calderon-Hernandez, Mario Fernando Gonzalez-Ramirez, Jorge Mauricio Sepulveda-Castano, Juan David Santos-Martines, Janeth Marlene Quispe-Aviles, Rodrigo Magnabosco, Helio Goldenstein
Summary: The electrochemical properties of a SMSS were evaluated and the relationship between microstructural transformations after heat treatments and corrosion resistance was investigated. The results indicated that the most severe sensitization occurred at the temperature with the highest reversed austenite transformation.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuichiro Amatsuka, Masashi Nishimoto, Izumi Muto, Makoto Kawamori, Yuya Takara, Yu Sugawara
Summary: Aging treatment of UNS S32750 super duplex stainless steel at 1173 K for 1.0 ks resulted in the formation of sigma and secondary austenite phases at the boundaries of alpha and gamma phases. The steel contained a small amount of Mn-Cr oxide and MnS complex inclusions. Pitting corrosion was not observed during potentiodynamic polarization of a small area without inclusions at 348 K. However, when the electrode area was reduced, pitting corrosion occurred at the Mn-Cr oxide and MnS complex inclusions near the sigma phase.
NPJ MATERIALS DEGRADATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Azusa Ooi, Yaoki Ise, Eiji Tada, Atsushi Nishikata
Summary: In the study of pitting corrosion, it was found that the initiation sites of stainless steel pits are manganese sulfide inclusions, regardless of sulfur concentration; the growth behavior of the active dissolution area is independent of sulfur concentration. In wet-dry cycle tests, the risk of pitting corrosion increases with increasing sulfur concentration; the onset of pitting corrosion is independent of chloride concentration, but repassivation depends on sulfur concentration.
MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Sierra-Soraluce, G. Li, M. J. Santofimia, J. M. Molina-Aldareguia, A. Smith, M. Muratori, I. Sabirov
Summary: This study examines the high cycle fatigue behavior of quenching and partitioning (Q & P) treated martensitic stainless steels. The results show satisfactory high cycle fatigue performance in these materials, surpassing traditional counterparts. Fatigue cracks predominantly form and propagate along martensite packet and block boundaries, while prior austenite grain boundaries and inclusions have minimal influence on fatigue crack formation and growth.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei Chen, J. H. Luan, Lianyong Xu, Yongdian Han, Lei Zhao, Ji-Jung Kai, Bo Xiao, Hongyang Jing
Summary: Additively manufactured 15-5 PH stainless steels with reversed nano-scale austenite dispersed in martensitic matrix exhibit enhanced strength-ductility combination and fatigue resistance, attributed to the crack closure effect caused by transformation-induced volume expansion and the transformation-induced plasticity effect.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hongyu Ma, Rui Liu, Peiling Ke, Yu Cui, Li Liu, Fuhui Wang
Summary: The effects of hydrostatic pressure on the passive film and pitting growth process of 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel were investigated. It was found that hydrostatic pressure changed the growth rate and compactness of the passive film, enhancing its protection performance and reducing the material's pitting sensitivity.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xue Li, Yajun Dai, Xiangyu Wang, Yongjie Liu, Yao Chen, Chong Wang, Hong Zhang, Lang Li, Hanqing Liu, Chao He, Qingyuan Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of local microstructure on the crack initiation behavior of a super martensitic stainless steel in the very high cycle fatigue regime. Results show that non-inclusion-induced crack initiation dominates, with fatigue cracks initiating from martensite boundaries forming slip areas. The size and orientation of martensite lath affect the morphology of slip areas but have limited influence on the formation of fine granular areas at the fracture surface.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Charles Demarest, R. Matthew Asmussen, John R. Scully
Summary: This study found that alkali and alkaline earth metal chloride salts have different effects on pitting corrosion compared to NaCl, influencing the saturation potential and mass transport in shallow pits.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ricardo N. Carvalho, Brendy C. Rincon Troconis, Greger Pioszak, Vinicio Ynciarte, John R. Scully
Summary: The relationship between microstructure, composition, and localized corrosion resistance of a low carbon CrNi-Mo martensitic-ferritic stainless steel was investigated. The study found that heat treatment significantly influenced the localized corrosion susceptibility. Austenite reversion and other structural transformations decreased the pitting potential.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Argelia Fabiola Miranda-Perez, Bryan Ramiro Rodriguez-Vargas, Irene Calliari, Luca Pezzato
Summary: The hydrocarbon industry needs a better understanding of stainless-steel welding metallurgy, particularly in the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process. Corrosion is a significant issue in welding, and this study found that the corrosion properties of duplex stainless steels are strongly influenced by the heat input during welding. The best corrosion properties were observed with higher heat input.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elena Garcia, Julio Torres, Nuria Rebolledo, Raul Arrabal, Javier Sanchez
Summary: The study revealed that reinforced concrete may corrode in anoxic environments, leading to the localized growth of corrosion pits. Through simulations and assessment of pit morphology, the study concluded that pit growth correlates with cathode area, with growth intensifying as cathode area decreases.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wen Jiang, Kunyu Zhao
Summary: The effect of Cu on the formation of reversed austenite in super martensitic stainless steel was investigated using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. It was found that the steel microstructure consisted of tempered martensite and diffused reversed austenite after quenching and tempering. The volume fraction of reversed austenite was higher in the steel with 3 wt.% of Cu compared to the steel with 1.5 wt.% of Cu. The morphology of reversed austenite also differed between the two steels, with the 1.5Cu steel exhibiting a thin strip shape and the 3Cu steel having a block shape.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nicolas Chanfreau, Dominique Poquillon, Andreas Stark, Emad Maawad, Charles Mareau, Moukrane Dehmas
Summary: In-situ high energy X-ray diffraction was used to track the alpha to beta phase transformation in the Ti-5553 alloy with a lamellar-nodular bimodal microstructure. The results showed that rapid heating resulted in a shift of the transformation domain towards high temperatures, and the morphology of the alpha phase also affected the transformation rate. The analysis suggested that the transformation is diffusion controlled and the beta phase inherits the solute content of the adjacent alpha phase, leading to chemical heterogeneities in the beta phase.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
N. Guennouni, D. Maisonnette, C. Grosjean, E. Andrieu, D. Poquillon, C. Blanc
Summary: The stress-relaxation tests conducted on additively manufactured (AM) 17-4PH martensitic stainless steel (MSS) and conventional 17-4PH MSS counterpart (CM) in the H900 state showed significant differences in relaxation properties. These differences were attributed to a higher reversed austenite amount in the AM MSS, with hydrogen clearly influencing dislocation mobility in the austenite.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
L. Oger, E. Andrieu, G. Odemer, L. Peguet, C. Blanc
Summary: This study clarified the influence of microstructural parameters on the susceptibility of low-copper Al-Zn-Mg alloy to stress corrosion cracking. The predominant role of hydrogen diffusion at grain boundaries on hydrogen distribution was highlighted, and a qualitative model to describe SCC phenomena was proposed. The detrimental role of hydrogen at grain boundaries on mechanical behavior was emphasized, and it was suggested that hydrogen trapping on intragranular eta-MgZn2 precipitates could limit this effect.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. Ingle, S. Heurtault, F. Hafid, J. Said, A. Proietti, G. Odemer, M. Dehmas, C. Blanc
Summary: The study found that an increase in the density of high-angle grain boundaries can decrease the corrosion current of commercially pure Al alloy in chloride-sulphate solution, while intermetallic particles may act as pit initiation sites. In addition, the propagation of pits is strongly influenced by the density of high-angle grain boundaries.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Christine Blanc, Roland Oltra
Summary: This paper focuses on the recent contributions of microscale local probe techniques in studying the processes occurring at intermetallic particles (IMPs) in the initiation stage of environment-assisted cracking (EAC). It reviews the microscale electrochemistry, chemistry, and the influence of stress on IMPs, as well as the contribution of hydrogen enrichment to EAC. The challenges in fully elucidating hydrogen-assisted cracking mechanisms at the microscale are discussed.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Nkoua, C. Josse, A. Proietti, R. Basseguy, C. Blanc
Summary: The influence of microorganism-induced surface modifications on the corrosion behaviour of 5083 H11 aluminium alloy was examined. Pre-immersion in natural seawater for 15 days to 2 months resulted in the formation of a dense oxy-hydroxyde layer on the AA5083 surface. This layer led to decreased cathodic and corrosion current densities, and increased passivity domain on the polarisation curves.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nathan Ribiere, Nathalie Engler, Daniel Brimbal, Milan Skocic, Eric Andrieu, Christine Blanc, Lydia Laffont
Summary: The inner surface of two as-received steam generator (SG) tubes made of nickel base alloy 690 was analyzed to explain the differences in nickel release obtained in a loop simulating the primary environment of pressurized water reactors. The roughness, microstructure, and chemical heterogeneities were characterized, and differences were noted that could explain the specific behavior of the two tubes in primary water. In particular, the presence of alumina particles on the surface of SG tubes influences nickel release by causing changes in roughness and local breakdown of the passive film.
Article
Electrochemistry
Emilie Mondou, Benjamin Duployer, Christophe Tenailleau, Eric Andrieu, David Sinopoli, Christine Blanc
Summary: Three methodologies, including optical microscope observations, tomography without synchrotron radiations, and mechanical tests, were used for a quantitative description of intergranular corrosion (IGC) damage. The study found that optical microscope observations were the most relevant technique for quantifying intragranular corrosion, while tomography had limited resolution for analyzing elementary IGC defects. Thicker plates were mainly affected by IGC, and continuous immersion tests led to slightly branched IGC defects and low hydrogen uptake. Combining optical microscope observations and mechanical tests was necessary for a full description of IGC damage after cyclic tests.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
