Factors associated with the very high caesarean section rate in urban areas of Vietnam

Background Caesarean section and associated factors require detailed investigation globally. This study aims to determine the rate and associated factors of caesarean deliveries in urban areas of Vietnam. Methods A cross-sectional study using questionnaire answered by women who had infants aged under 30 months was conducted from March to May 2021. Data were collected in 18 commune health centres in two cities during the day of routine immunization. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with caesarean section. Results The overall caesarean section rate was 49.6%. The caesarean section rate in private hospitals (57.8%) were significantly higher than in public hospitals (49.1%). Caesarean section rate in first-time mothers (47.1%) were as high as this rate among mothers who had given birth before (50.6%). Factors associated with higher rate of caesarean section include increasing in women's age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and infant's birth weight; first-time mothers; mothers living in urban areas; and mothers giving birth in private hospitals. Conclusions This study revealed a high rate of caesarean deliveries in urban areas of Vietnam. Comprehensive investigations of both medical and non-medical reasons for caesarean deliveries in Vietnam are urgent needs to shape the prioritized interventions.

Automated summary

This study investigated the rate and associated factors of caesarean deliveries in urban areas of Vietnam. The findings revealed a high overall caesarean section rate, with significantly higher rates in private hospitals compared to public hospitals. Factors associated with a higher rate of caesarean section included increasing age, pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, and infant's birth weight; being a first-time mother; living in urban areas; and giving birth in private hospitals. These findings highlight the urgent need for comprehensive investigations into the reasons for caesarean deliveries in Vietnam.