Article
Engineering, Industrial
Xi Zhang, Haicheng Tu, Jianbo Guo, Shicong Ma, Zhen Li, Yongxiang Xia, Chi Kong Tse
Summary: This paper studies how to enhance power grid resilience and achieve quick recovery after extreme events by adjusting the operating modes of the grid and reconfiguring its components. A double-loop optimization strategy is proposed, utilizing an interior point method and a genetic algorithm to find the optimal topology for coordinating available resources most effectively.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Wenlong Zhu, Junting Zhang, Shunqiang Ye, Wanli Xiang
Summary: This paper investigates Braess Paradox under the bi-objective user equilibrium, introducing the definition and occurrence conditions of the paradox. Analytical properties of the bi-objective user equilibrium solutions and the conditions for the occurrence of Braess Paradox are explored on a classical Braess network. The study proves that the occurrence conditions of Braess Paradox are dependent upon link performance parameters and travel demand.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Stefan Bittihn, Andreas Schadschneider
Summary: The study investigates whether drivers can change the classic Braess' paradox situation through traffic information available in modern traffic networks.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chao Yang, Zhuoran Chen, Jianghai Qian, Dingding Han, Kaidi Zhao
Summary: The rapid growth of traffic and limited capacity of links have led to critical congestion issues in interconnected networks. Traditional routing strategies face a tradeoff between network capacity and link usage in link-coupled networks. To address this, we propose a global dynamic routing (GDR) strategy that improves transport performance with acceptable computational complexity, at the cost of average arrival time. Further analysis reveals that the improvement is due to nontrivial load distribution resulting from GDR. Surprisingly, simulation experiments show that our GDR strategy can suppress the occurrence of the long-standing Braess-like paradox in transportation.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Muhammad Hasan Ashraf, Yuwen Chen, Mehmet G. Yalcin
Summary: Third-party logistics in the U.S. has been declared essential and continues operations amid the pandemic. Demand for e-commerce deliveries has increased due to lockdowns and public preference. Expanding hub capacities may lead to the Braess Paradox. Different layouts are impacted differently, and the study provides insights for improving hub performances.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Julian Barreiro-Gomez
Summary: This study examines the crowd evacuation problem using a stochastic receding-horizon differential game. Two main directions are studied: considering local congestion terms to avoid congestion formation, and considering both local and global congestion terms for crowd aversion during evacuation. The solution to these problems is presented using semi-explicit methods by solving the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman backward Partial Differential Equation (PDE). The study also discusses the evacuation Braess paradox and provides a concrete example. Numerical examples are presented for a case study with multiple rooms and exits, comparing the results of the two stochastic differential-game approaches.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Mark Jeeninga
Summary: This paper investigates the feasibility of power flow in DC power grids with constant-power loads. The concept of Braess' paradox is introduced and its occurrence in practical power grids is demonstrated. To address this paradox, bounded parametric uncertainties in power lines are considered, and a simple yet conservative condition is provided to ensure feasible power flow under these uncertainties.
SYSTEMS & CONTROL LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Mark P. H. Raadsen, Michiel C. J. Bliemer
Summary: Most static traffic assignment models do not consider capacity or storage constraints, but recent studies have introduced these constraints to improve accuracy in estimating path travel times. This paper proposes a solution algorithm for a static model with queue spillback, demonstrating its feasibility in a real-world case study.
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART B-METHODOLOGICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Minyoung Lee, Jinseok Hong, Taesu Cheong, Hongchul Lee
Summary: This study addresses a flexible delivery routing problem for logistics service providers, proposing a mathematical programming model and a near-optimal heuristic approach based on a memetic algorithm to determine whether deliveries to customers should be fulfilled directly or indirectly in various situations. The numerical performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated, and parametric analyses are conducted to gain managerial insights from the model.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Sotirios Dimos, Dimitris Fotakis, Thanasis Lianeas, Kyriakos Sergis
Summary: This research utilizes an approximate version of Caratheodory's theorem to efficiently approximate the best subnetwork on selfish routing instances. The algorithm runs on networks with short paths and provides the first polynomial-time approximation scheme.
INFORMATION PROCESSING LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qinfei Long, Junhong Liu, Feng Liu, Yunhe Hou
Summary: To mitigate failure risk, a dynamic thermal rating (DTR) sensor can be placed in transmission lines. This paper proposes a submodular optimization-based DTR placement model that considers Braess paradox. A model based on Markov probability and important sampling weight techniques is utilized to quantify failure risk efficiently. The risk model is then applied to analyze the conditions for Braess paradox and reformulate the risk mitigation model with estimation error. A computationally efficient algorithm is designed to solve this nonmonotone submodular optimization, providing a provable approximation guarantee.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Mauro Passacantando, Giorgio Gnecco, Yuval Hadas, Marcello Sanguineti
Summary: This study introduces a new framework to investigate Braess' paradox, by utilizing cooperative games with transferable utility to evaluate the contribution of network resources to overall network performance.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Juan Grau-Climent, Luis Garcia-Perez, Juan C. Losada, Ramon Alonso-Sanz
Summary: This study examines the Hotelling-Smithies game with elastic demand using numerical simulation. The simulation technique allows for monitoring the accuracy of available analytical solutions, such as the monopolistic model, and exploring scenarios where analytical solutions are not easily obtainable. It is found that in games with variable location and price or with variable location and fixed price, the simulated locations tend to drift towards the center, consistent with Hotelling's theory.
COMMUNICATIONS IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Qingqing Zhao, Jinjin Tang, Xin Zhang
Summary: With worsening passenger congestion in urban rail transit, the need for passenger flow control has become crucial. Existing strategies fail to consider the spatial and temporal variations in passenger flow. To address this, a collaborative method for passenger flow control is proposed, which reduces controlled source points and passengers while minimizing the difference in expected and controlled passengers on bottleneck links. The method is validated through a case study on Chengdu Metro during COVID-19, demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing congestion.
COMPUTER-AIDED CIVIL AND INFRASTRUCTURE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Simon Newstead, Julia Lewis, Gareth Roderique-Davies, Robert M. Heirene, Bev John
Summary: The frontal lobe paradox refers to the phenomenon where some patients with frontal lobe damage show marked impairments in everyday life but are still able to verbally describe logical actions and perform well in interviews and tests. The assessment of mental capacity in such cases poses challenges within clinical settings. While recent position articles state that this paradox is well-known, anecdotal reports from clinicians in the UK suggest otherwise. This scoping review found a lack of readily accessible research specifically focused on the frontal lobe paradox, with a lack of contemporary research and clear definition of included syndromes and disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoyu Shi, Jian Zhang, Xia Jiang, Juan Chen, Wei Hao, Bo Wang
Summary: This study presents a novel framework using offline reinforcement learning to improve energy consumption in road transportation. By leveraging real-world human driving trajectories, the proposed method achieves significant improvements in energy consumption. The offline learning approach demonstrates generalizability across different scenarios.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Junhyuk Woo, Soon Ho Kim, Hyeongmo Kim, Kyungreem Han
Summary: Reservoir computing (RC) is a new machine-learning framework that uses an abstract neural network model to process information from complex dynamical systems. This study investigates the neuronal and network dynamics of liquid state machines (LSMs) using numerical simulations and classification tasks. The findings suggest that the computational performance of LSMs is closely related to the dynamic range, with a larger dynamic range resulting in higher performance.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yuwei Yang, Zhuoxuan Li, Jun Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Jinde Cao
Summary: This paper proposes an extreme learning machine (ELM) algorithm based on residual correction and Tent chaos sequence (TRELM-DROP) for accurate prediction of traffic flow. The algorithm reduces the impact of randomness in traffic flow through the Tent chaos strategy and residual correction method, and avoids weight optimization using the iterative method. A DROP strategy is introduced to improve the algorithm's ability to predict traffic flow under varying conditions.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chengwei Dong, Min Yang, Lian Jia, Zirun Li
Summary: This work presents a novel three-dimensional system with multiple types of coexisting attractors, and investigates its dynamics using various methods. The mechanism of chaos emergence is explored, and the periodic orbits in the system are studied using the variational method. A symbolic coding method is successfully established to classify the short cycles. The flexibility and validity of the system are demonstrated through analogous circuit implementation. Various chaos-based applications are also presented to show the system's feasibility.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Viorel Badescu
Summary: This article discusses the maximum work extraction from confined particles energy, considering both reversible and irreversible processes. The results vary for different types of particles and conditions. The concept of exergy cannot be defined for particles that undergo spontaneous creation and annihilation. It is also noted that the Carnot efficiency is not applicable to the conversion of confined thermal radiation into work.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
P. M. Centres, D. J. Perez-Morelo, R. Guzman, L. Reinaudi, M. C. Gimenez
Summary: In this study, a phenomenological investigation of epidemic spread was conducted using a model of agent diffusion over a square region based on the SIR model. Two possible contagion mechanisms were considered, and it was observed that the number of secondary infections produced by an individual during its infectious period depended on various factors.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zuan Jin, Minghui Ma, Shidong Liang, Hongguang Yao
Summary: This study proposes a differential variable speed limit (DVSL) control strategy considering lane assignment, which sets dynamic speed limits for each lane to attract vehicle lane-changing behaviors before the bottleneck and reduce the impact of traffic capacity drop. Experimental results show that the proposed DVSL control strategy can alleviate traffic congestion and improve efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthew Dicks, Andrew Paskaramoorthy, Tim Gebbie
Summary: In this study, we investigate the learning dynamics of a single reinforcement learning optimal execution trading agent when it interacts with an event-driven agent-based financial market model. The results show that the agents with smaller state spaces converge faster and are able to intuitively learn to trade using spread and volume states. The introduction of the learning agent has a robust impact on the moments of the model, except for the Hurst exponent, which decreases, and it can increase the micro-price volatility as trading volumes increase.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zhouzhou Yao, Xianyu Wu, Yang Yang, Ning Li
Summary: This paper developed a cooperative lane-changing decision system based on digital technology and indirect reciprocity. By introducing image scoring and a Q-learning based reinforcement learning algorithm, drivers can continuously evaluate gains and adjust their strategies. The study shows that this decision system can improve driver cooperation and traffic efficiency, achieving over 50% cooperation probability under any connected vehicles penetration and traffic density, and reaching 100% cooperation probability under high penetration and medium to high traffic density.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Josephine Nanyondo, Henry Kasumba
Summary: This paper presents a multi-class Aw-Rascle (AR) model with area occupancy expressed in terms of vehicle class proportions. The qualitative properties of the proposed equilibrium velocity and the stability conditions of the model are established. The numerical results show the effect of proportional densities on the flow of vehicle classes, indicating the realism of the proposed model.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Oliver Smirnov
Summary: This study proposes a new method for simultaneously estimating the parameters of the 2D Ising model. The method solves a constrained optimization problem, where the objective function is a pseudo-log-likelihood and the constraint is the Hamiltonian of the external field. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted using models of different shapes and sizes to evaluate the performance of the method with and without the Hamiltonian constraint. The results demonstrate that the proposed estimation method yields lower variance across all model shapes and sizes compared to a simple pseudo-maximum likelihood.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Przemyslaw Chelminiak
Summary: The study investigates the first-passage properties of a non-linear diffusion equation with diffusivity dependent on the concentration/probability density through a power-law relationship. The survival probability and first-passage time distribution are determined based on the power-law exponent, and both exact and approximate expressions are derived, along with their asymptotic representations. The results pertain to diffusing particles that are either freely or harmonically trapped. The mean first-passage time is finite for the harmonically trapped particle, while it is divergent for the freely diffusing particle.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hidemaro Suwa
Summary: The choice of transition kernel is crucial for the performance of the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. A one-parameter rejection control transition kernel is proposed, and it is shown that the rejection process plays a significant role in determining the sampling efficiency.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xudong Wang, Yao Chen
Summary: This article investigates the joint influence of expanding medium and constant force on particle diffusion. By starting from the Langevin picture and introducing the effect of external force in two different ways, two models with different force terms are obtained. Detailed analysis and derivation yield the Fokker-Planck equations and moments for the two models. The sustained force behaves as a decoupled force, while the intermittent force changes the diffusion behavior with specific effects depending on the expanding rate of the medium.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2024)