Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex H. Krist, Karina W. Davidson, Carol M. Mangione, Michael Cabana, Aaron B. Caughey, Esa M. Davis, Katrina E. Donahue, Chyke A. Doubeni, John W. Epling, Martha Kubik, Li Li, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Lori Pbert, Michael Silverstein, James Stevermer, Chien-Wen Tseng, John B. Wong
Summary: Age-related sensorineural hearing loss is a common health issue among adults, but the balance of benefits and harms of screening for hearing loss in asymptomatic adults aged 50 and older is uncertain, requiring further research.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Janelle M. Guirguis-Blake, Corinne V. Evans, Elizabeth M. Webber, Erin L. Coppola, Leslie A. Perdue, Meghan Soulsby Weyrich
Summary: This systematic review summarizes the published evidence on the benefits and harms of hypertension screening and confirmatory blood pressure measurements in adults, highlighting major accuracy limitations in office-based blood pressure measurement but minimal direct harms. Further research is needed to determine optimal screening and confirmatory algorithms for clinical practice.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carol M. Mangione, Michael J. Barry, Wanda K. Nicholson, Michael Cabana, David Chelmow, Tumaini Rucker Coker, Esa M. Davis, Katrina E. Donahue, Carlos Roberto Jaen, Martha Kubik, Li Li, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Lori Pbert, John M. Ruiz, James Stevermer, John B. Wong
Summary: Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection caused by herpes simplex viruses. It is a lifelong infection without a cure. Antiviral medications can help manage symptoms. Screening for HSV-2 infection in asymptomatic individuals is not recommended.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Siling Li, Joseph E. Schwartz, Daichi Shimbo, Paul Muntner, James M. Shikany, John N. Booth, Norrina B. Allen, Byron C. Jaeger, Adam P. Bress, Jordan B. King, Donald Clark, Kenneth R. Butler, Adolfo Correa, Andrew E. Moran, Brandon K. Bellows, Yiyi Zhang
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of masked asleep hypertension among US adults, highlighting the need for further research on the cardiovascular risk reduction benefits of treating asleep hypertension.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Felipe Lobelo, Krittin J. Supapannachart, Tianyi Zhou, Jennifer K. Frediani
Summary: The study found that the proportion of individuals receiving exercise and dietary behavioral counseling among high-risk populations has increased since 2002. However, in 2015, a significant proportion of individuals still did not receive counseling, especially those without insurance or on Medicare.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth Y. Liu, Mohammed E. Al-Sofiani, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Justin B. Echouffo-Tcheugui, Joshua J. Joseph, Rita R. Kalyani
Summary: This study revealed that preventive aspirin use was more common among older adults with diabetes compared to those without diabetes, with approximately 9.9 million older adults in the US previously taking aspirin for primary prevention now not recommended to continue its use.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cynthia Ponir, Austin Seals, Trevor Caldarera, Edward H. Ip, Charles A. German, Yhenneko Taylor, Justin B. Moore, Hayden B. Bosworth, Michael D. Shapiro, Yashashwi Pokharel
Summary: Providers in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention practice prefer various specialties to manage common conditions, specialists to manage complex conditions, and preventive cardiologists to treat advanced lipid disorders. Cardiologists are the least favored for prescribing SGLT2 inhibitors in CVD prevention practice.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ariela R. Orkaby, Bing Lu, Yuk-Lam Ho, Timothy Treu, Ashley Galloway, Peter W. F. Wilson, Kelly Cho, J. Michael Gaziano, Karen P. Alexander, David R. Gagnon, Luc Djousse, Daniel E. Forman, Jane A. Driver
Summary: This study examined the impact of statin use on mortality and cardiovascular events in frail older adults. The results showed that statin use was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events, regardless of frailty.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carol M. Mangione, Michael J. Barry, Wanda K. Nicholson, Michael Cabana, David Chelmow, Tumaini Rucker Coker, Esa M. Davis, Katrina E. Donahue, Carlos Roberto Jaen, Martha Kubik, Li Li, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Lori Pbert, John M. Ruiz, James Stevermer, John B. Wong
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and death in the US. For adults aged 40 to 75 years with no history of CVD but with one or more CVD risk factors, statin use has at least a moderate net benefit in reducing CVD events and all-cause mortality. However, there is insufficient evidence to assess the benefits and harms of statin use for primary prevention of CVD in adults aged 76 years or older.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Leila C. Kahwati, Gary N. Asher, Zachary O. Kadro, Susan Keen, Rania Ali, Emmanuel Coker-Schwimmer, Daniel E. Jonas
Summary: This study reviewed the evidence on screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) in adults without prior stroke. Although screening can detect more cases of unknown AF, evidence regarding effects on health outcomes is limited.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adam J. Nelson, Kevin Haynes, Sonali Shambhu, Zubin Eapen, Mark J. Cziraky, Michael G. Nanna, Sara B. Calvert, Kerrin Gallagher, Neha J. Pagidipati, Christopher B. Granger
Summary: This study evaluated the patterns and predictors of statin use among patients with ASCVD. The results showed substantial underuse of statins among a large cohort of patients with ASCVD in the United States. Concerning gaps in appropriate statin use were observed among younger patients, women, and those with noncoronary ASCVD.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Roger Chou, Shelley Selph, Ian Blazina, Christina Bougatsos, Rebecca Jungbauer, Rongwei Fu, Sara Grusing, Daniel E. Jonas, Shandiz Tehrani
Summary: This study found limited direct evidence on glaucoma screening, showing no association with benefits. Screening tests can identify persons with glaucoma and treatment was associated with a lower risk of glaucoma progression, but evidence of improvement in visual outcomes, quality of life, and function remains lacking.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Fang, Elizabeth Selvin
Summary: Over the past three decades, there have been encouraging reductions in albuminuria and risk factor control in adults with newly diagnosed diabetes, but the overall burden of complications around the time of the diagnosis remains high.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Leila C. Kahwati, Erin LeBlanc, Rachel Palmieri Weber, Kayla Giger, Rachel Clark, Kara Suvada, Amy Guisinger, Meera Viswanathan
Summary: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism, but there is no consensus on the exact levels that represent deficiency. The US Preventive Services Task Force concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for vitamin D deficiency in asymptomatic adults.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ashish Sarraju, Gabriela Spencer-Bonilla, Sukyung Chung, Sofia Gomez, Jiang Li, Paul Heidenreich, Latha Palaniappan, Fatima Rodriguez
Summary: This retrospective cohort study examined statin treatment patterns and incident ASCVD among older adults aged 65-79 for primary prevention. It found that patients over 75 years old were less likely to receive moderate- or high-intensity statin prescriptions, and had a higher risk of incident ASCVD compared to younger counterparts. Further research is needed to understand the reasons for age-based differences in statin use and ASCVD risk among older adults.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)